صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الإمارةThe Book on Government
باب مَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كُفِّرَتْ خَطَايَاهُ إِلاَّ الدَّيْنَ:Chapter: If a person is killed in the cause of Allah, all his sins will be expiated except debt
Hadith 1885
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَنَّهُ قَامَ فِيهِمْ فَذَكَرَ لَهُمْ أَنَّ الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَالْإِيمَانَ بِاللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ تُكَفَّرُ عَنِّي خَطَايَايَ ؟ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَعَمْ ، إِنْ قُتِلْتَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَأَنْتَ صَابِرٌ مُحْتَسِبٌ مُقْبِلٌ غَيْرُ مُدْبِرٍ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " كَيْفَ قُلْتَ ؟ " ، قَالَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَتُكَفَّرُ عَنِّي خَطَايَايَ ؟ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَعَمْ ، وَأَنْتَ صَابِرٌ مُحْتَسِبٌ مُقْبِلٌ غَيْرُ مُدْبِرٍ ، إِلَّا الدَّيْنَ فَإِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ " .
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Qatadah (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood up among them (his Companions) to deliver his sermon in which he told them that Jihad in the way of Allah and belief in Allah (with all His Attributes) are the most meritorious of acts. A man stood up and said: Messenger of Allah, do you think that if I am killed in the way of Allah, my sins will be blotted out from me? The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Yes, in case you are killed in the way of Allah and you were patient and sincere and you always fought facing the enemy, never turming your back upon him. Then he added: What have you said (now)? (Wishing to have further assurance from him for his satisfaction), he asked (again): Do you think if I am killed in the way of Allah, all my sins will be obliterated from me? The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Yes, it you were patient and sincere and always fought facing the enemy and never turning your back upon him, (all your lapses would be forgiven) except debt. Gabriel (ؑ) has told me this.
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَي يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ اللَّيْثِ ،
The tradition has been narrated through a different chain of transmitters on the authority of Abu Qatadah (RA) who said: A man came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) while he was on the pulpit and said: Do you think if I am killed in the way of Allah... (except this difference in its beginning, the rest of the tradition is the same as the previous one).
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وحَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ . ح قَالَ : وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَجْلَانَ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَزِيدُ أَحَدُهُمَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَقَالَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ ضَرَبْتُ بِسَيْفِي بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ .
Another version of the tradition differently transmitted begins with the words:" A man came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he was sitting on the pulpit.... He said: What do you find if I strike with the sword?" (The rest of the tradition is the same as the previous one.)
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Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: Faith in Allah is the foundation and basis of the religion; without it, no deed is acceptable, and among the five pillars, it is the foundation. Although jihad is not included among the five pillars, it is their protector, and the establishment of the religion is not possible without it. However, violating the rights of people is such a grave crime that even something as great as jihad cannot compensate for it. Yet today, consuming people’s wealth and violating their rights is considered a trivial act, and groups that usurp people’s wealth and property roam about brazenly; there is no one to hold them accountable. Furthermore, if the usurpation of wealth cannot be forgiven, then how can killing and bloodshed be forgiven?
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 4880
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
In relation to the most virtuous deeds, different hadiths have described different actions as being the most virtuous.
Various explanations have been given for this.
It is considered that in these hadiths, before "the most virtuous of deeds (afdal al-a'mal)", the word "min" (from among) is implied.
The meaning would then be that these deeds are among the most virtuous.
Or, their mention is according to the varying circumstances, times, and places.
It is also said that the superiority of different deeds has been stated according to the condition of the person being addressed.
2:
That is, a debt which is taken with no intention of repayment.
1:
In relation to the most virtuous deeds, different hadiths have described different actions as being the most virtuous.
Various explanations have been given for this.
It is considered that in these hadiths, before "the most virtuous of deeds (afdal al-a'mal)", the word "min" (from among) is implied.
The meaning would then be that these deeds are among the most virtuous.
Or, their mention is according to the varying circumstances, times, and places.
It is also said that the superiority of different deeds has been stated according to the condition of the person being addressed.
2:
That is, a debt which is taken with no intention of repayment.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1712
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
English Translation:
“Obligatory Rights to be Fulfilled”: In the Arabic text, the word *dayn* is used, which is commonly translated as “loan,” but this is not its true meaning; rather, it is only one form of it. By *dayn* is meant any right that is obligatory upon someone to fulfill for another—whether it is a loan or a case where someone has wronged another. As for a loan, it is when something is taken from someone as a trust (ariyah) with the intention of returning it at a specified time. It is permissible to take a loan in times of need. Even the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took loans. However, not repaying at the appointed time despite having the means, or taking a loan with the intention of not repaying it from the outset, is a crime. If one intends to repay but is unable to do so due to lack of means, then this is not a crime. (For further details, see Hadith: 3157)
“Obligatory Rights to be Fulfilled”: In the Arabic text, the word *dayn* is used, which is commonly translated as “loan,” but this is not its true meaning; rather, it is only one form of it. By *dayn* is meant any right that is obligatory upon someone to fulfill for another—whether it is a loan or a case where someone has wronged another. As for a loan, it is when something is taken from someone as a trust (ariyah) with the intention of returning it at a specified time. It is permissible to take a loan in times of need. Even the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took loans. However, not repaying at the appointed time despite having the means, or taking a loan with the intention of not repaying it from the outset, is a crime. If one intends to repay but is unable to do so due to lack of means, then this is not a crime. (For further details, see Hadith: 3157)
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 3160
