صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الجهاد والسيرThe Book of Jihad and Expeditions
باب النِّسَاءُ الْغَازِيَاتُ يُرْضَخُ لَهُنَّ وَلاَ يُسْهَمُ وَالنَّهْيُ عَنْ قَتْلِ صِبْيَانِ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ:Chapter: Women who take part in military expeditions are to be given a reward but not a regular share; And the prohibition of killing children of the enemy
Hadith 1812
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ قَعْنَبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ بِلَالٍ ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، " أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ خَمْسِ خِلَالٍ ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ " لَوْلَا أَنْ أَكْتُمَ عِلْمًا مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ، نَجْدَةُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ ، فَأَخْبِرْنِي هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ ؟ ، وَهَلْ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ ؟ ، وَهَلْ كَانَ يَقْتُلُ الصِّبْيَانَ ؟ ، وَمَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ ؟ ، وَعَنِ الْخُمْسِ لِمَنْ هُوَ ؟ ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، كَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي ، هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ ، وَقَدْ كَانَ يَغْزُو بِهِنَّ فَيُدَاوِينَ الْجَرْحَى وَيُحْذَيْنَ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ ، وَأَمَّا بِسَهْمٍ فَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ لَهُنَّ ، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، لَمْ يَكُنْ يَقْتُلُ الصِّبْيَانَ ، فَلَا تَقْتُلِ الصِّبْيَانَ ، وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ ، فَلَعَمْرِي إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَتَنْبُتُ لِحْيَتُهُ وَإِنَّهُ لَضَعِيفُ الْأَخْذِ لِنَفْسِهِ ضَعِيفُ الْعَطَاءِ مِنْهَا ، فَإِذَا أَخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ صَالِحِ مَا يَأْخُذُ النَّاسُ ، فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ الْيُتْمُ ، وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ الْخُمْسِ لِمَنْ هُوَ ، وَإِنَّا كُنَّا ، نَقُولُ : هُوَ لَنَا ، فَأَبَى عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا ذَاكَ " ،
It has been narrated on the authority of Yazid bin Hurmuz that Najda wrote to Ibn Abbas (RA) inquiring of him five things. Ibn Abbas (RA) said: If I had not the fear of committing (sin) for concealing the knowledge I would not have written to him. Najda wrote to him saying (after praising the Almighty and invoking blessings on the Prophet): Tell me whether the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took women to participate with him in Jihad; (if he did), whether he allotted them a regular share from the booty; whether he killed the children of (the enemy in the war how long an orphan would be entitled to consideration as such and for whom the Kbums (fifth part of the booty) was booty. Ibn Abbas (RA) wrote to him: You have written asking me whether the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took women with him to participate in Jihad. He did take them to the battle and sometimes he fought along with them. They would treat the wounded and were given a reward from the booty, but he did not assign any regular share for them. And the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not kill the children of the enemy, so thou shouldst not kill the children. Also you have written to me asking me when the orphanhood of an orphan comes to an end. By my life, if a man has become bearded but is still incapable of getting his due from others as well as meeting his obligation towards them, (he is yet an orphan to be treated you such), but when he can look after his interests like grown-up people, he is no longer an orphan. And you have written to me inquiring about Khums as to whom it is meant for. (In this connection) we (the kinsmen of the Messenger of Allah) (ﷺ) used to say: It is for us, but those people (i. e. Banu Umayya) have denied it to us.
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ حَاتِمِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ ، عَنْ خِلَالٍ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ بِلَالٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي حَدِيثِ حَاتِمٍ ، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَقْتُلُ الصِّبْيَانَ ، فَلَا تَقْتُلِ الصِّبْيَانَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تَعْلَمُ مَا عَلِمَ الْخَضِرُ مِنَ الصَّبِيِّ الَّذِي قَتَلَ وَزَادَ إِسْحَاقُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ ، عَنْ حَاتِمٍ وَتُمَيِّزَ الْمُؤْمِنَ فَتَقْتُلَ الْكَافِرَ وَتَدَعَ الْمُؤْمِنَ .
This tradition has been narrated by the game authority (Yazid bin Hurmus) through a different chain of transmitters with the following difference in the elucidation of one of the points raised by Najda in his letter to Ibn Abbas (RA) : The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used not to kill the children, so thou shouldst not kill them unless you could know what Khadir had known about the child he killed, or you could distinguish between a child who would grow up to be a believer (and a child who would grow up to be a non-believer), so that you killed the (prospective) non-believer and left the (prospective) believer aside.
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وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، قَالَ : " كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ الْحَرُورِيُّ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ " يَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الْعَبْدِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ يَحْضُرَانِ الْمَغْنَمَ ، هَلْ يُقْسَمُ لَهُمَا ؟ ، وَعَنْ قَتْلِ الْوِلْدَانِ ، وَعَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَطِعُ عَنْهُ الْيُتْمُ ؟ ، وَعَنْ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى مَنْ هُمْ ؟ ، فَقَالَ لِيَزِيدَ : اكْتُبْ إِلَيْهِ فَلَوْلَا أَنْ يَقَعَ فِي أُحْمُوقَةٍ ، مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ، اكْتُبْ إِنَّكَ كَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ يَحْضُرَانِ الْمَغْنَمَ هَلْ يُقْسَمُ لَهُمَا شَيْءٌ ؟ ، وَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُمَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنْ يُحْذَيَا ، وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ قَتْلِ الْوِلْدَانِ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْتُلْهُمْ وَأَنْتَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْهُمْ ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْلَمَ مِنْهُمْ مَا عَلِمَ صَاحِبُ مُوسَى مِنَ الْغُلَامِ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ ، وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَطِعُ عَنْهُ اسْمُ الْيُتْمِ ؟ ، وَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْقَطِعُ عَنْهُ اسْمُ الْيُتْمِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ وَيُؤْنَسَ مِنْهُ رُشْدٌ ، وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنْ ذَوِي الْقُرْبَى مَنْ هُمْ ؟ ، وَإِنَّا زَعَمْنَا أَنَّا هُمْ ، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا " ،
It has been narrated on the authority of Yazid bin Hurmuz who said: Najda bin 'Amir al-Haruri wrote to Ibn Abbas (RA) asking him about the slave and the woman as to whether they would get a share from the booty (it they participated in Jihad); about the killing of (enemy) children (in war); about the orphan as to when his orphanhood comes to an end; about kinsmen (of the Holy Prophet) as to who they are. He said to Yazid: Write to him. (If he were not likely to fall into folly, I would not have written to him.) Write: You have written asking about the woman and the slave whether they would get a share of the booty if they participated in Jihad. (You should know that) there is nothing of the sort for them except that they will be given a prize. And you have written asking me about the killing of the enemy children in war. (You should understand that) the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peare be upon him) did not kill them. and thou shouldst not kill them unless thou knew what the companion of Moses (ؑ) (i. e. Khadir) knew about the boy he had killed. And you have written asking me about the orphan as to when the period of his orphanhood comes to an end, so that the sobriquet of "orphan" is dropped from him. (In this regard, you should know that) the sobriquet "orphan" will not be dropped from him until he attains maturity of body and mind. And you have written asking me about the close relatives (of the Holy Prophet) as to who they are. We think that it is we, but our people have denied us this (position and its concomitant privileges).
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وحَدَّثَنَاه عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، قَالَ : كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمِثْلِهِ ، قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ بِطُولِهِ .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Yazid bin Hurmuz through another chain of transmitters.
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حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ قَيْسًا يُحَدِّثُ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ . ح وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرُ بْنُ حَازِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي قَيْسُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، قَالَ : كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : فَشَهِدْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ حِينَ قَرَأَ كِتَابَهُ وَحِينَ كَتَبَ جَوَابَهُ ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : وَاللَّهِ لَوْلَا أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ عَنْ نَتْنٍ يَقَعُ فِيهِ مَا كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا نُعْمَةَ عَيْنٍ ، قَالَ : " فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَ عَنْ سَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى الَّذِي ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُمْ ؟ ، وَإِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ قَرَابَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُمْ نَحْنُ ، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا ، وَسَأَلْتَ عَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ ؟ ، وَإِنَّهُ إِذَا بَلَغَ النِّكَاحَ ، وَأُونِسَ مِنْهُ رُشْدٌ وَدُفِعَ إِلَيْهِ مَالُهُ فَقَدِ انْقَضَى يُتْمُهُ ، وَسَأَلْتَ هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْتُلُ مِنْ صِبْيَانِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَحَدًا ؟ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَقْتُلُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا وَأَنْتَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تَعْلَمُ مِنْهُمْ مَا عَلِمَ الْخَضِرُ مِنَ الْغُلَامِ حِينَ قَتَلَهُ ، وَسَأَلْتَ عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَالْعَبْدِ هَلْ كَانَ لَهُمَا سَهْمٌ مَعْلُومٌ إِذَا حَضَرُوا الْبَأْسَ ؟ ، فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ سَهْمٌ مَعْلُومٌ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُحْذَيَا مِنْ غَنَائِمِ الْقَوْمِ " ،
It has been narrated on the anthority of Yazid bin Hurmuz who said: Najda wrote to Ibn Abbas (RA) . I was sitting in the company of Ibn 'Abbas when he read his letter and wrote its reply. Ibn Abbas (RA) said: Were it not for preventing him from falling into wickedness, I would not have replied to his letter, may he never be joyful. He wrote in reply to him referring to the share of the close relatives (of the Holy Prophet) (from the booty) whom God has mentioned. (I have to tell you that) we thought we were the close relatives of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , but our people have refused to recognise us as such. You have asked about the orphan as to when his orphanhood comes to an end. (I have to say that) when he reaches the age of marriage, attains maturity of mind, and his property is returned to him, then he is no longer an orphan. You have inquired whether the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (may peace be upo him) used to kill anyone from the children of the polytheists in the war. (You should know that) the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used not to kill any one of their children, and you (too) should not kill any one of them, except when you knew about them what Khadir had known about the boy whom he killed. And you have inquired whether there is a fixed share of the booty for women and slaves when they participate in a battle. (I have to tell you that) there is no fixed share for them except that they will be given some reward from the spoils of war.
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وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ الْأَعْمَشُ ، عَنْ الْمُخْتَارِ بْنِ صَيْفِيٍّ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ ، قَالَ : كَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، فَذَكَرَ بَعْضَ الْحَدِيثِ وَلَمْ يُتِمَّ الْقِصَّةَ كَإِتْمَامِ مَنْ ذَكَرْنَا حَدِيثَهُمْ .
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Yazid bin Hurmuz. but not complete (as we find in the above mentioned ahadith).
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحِيمِ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنْ حَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ سِيرِينَ ، عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّةِ ، قَالَتْ : " غَزَوْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَبْعَ غَزَوَاتٍ : أَخْلُفُهُمْ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ ، فَأَصْنَعُ لَهُمُ الطَّعَامَ وَأُدَاوِي الْجَرْحَى وَأَقُومُ عَلَى الْمَرْضَى " ،
It has been narrated on the authority of Umm 'Atiyya, the Ansarite, who said: I took part with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in seven battles. I would stay behind in the camp of men, cook their food, treat the wounded and nurse the sick.
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وحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ نَحْوَهُ .
A similar tradition has been narrated on the authority of Hisham bin Hassan through a different chain of transmitters.
• • •
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
يُحْذَيْنَ:
They will be given some gift.
(2)
مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ؟:
When will an orphan no longer be considered under the ruling of an orphan?
(3)
إِنَّهُ لَضَعِيفُ الْأَخْذِ:
Even after reaching puberty, he does not have the ability to conduct transactions; he does not possess understanding of rights and obligations.
(4)
فَإِذَا أَخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ صَالِحِ مَا يَأْخُذُ النَّاسُ:
When he demonstrates understanding in dealing with people, just as people properly take their rights.
Benefits and Issues:
Najdah al-Khariji asked Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma about several matters through a letter. Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma did not like to reply to him due to his extremism and excessiveness in religion, but, fearing the warning against concealing knowledge, he became willing to answer him. He replied regarding women participating in jihad and their share in the spoils of war, that they may go for necessities such as treatment and care, but they will not receive the same share in the spoils as the combatants. However, they may be given something as a gift. This is also the position of the majority of jurists, Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Shafi'i, Imam Ahmad, and others. According to Imam Malik, women will not be given anything, and the same ruling applies to slaves. Likewise, children who do not participate in battle are not to be killed, and the ruling of orphanhood, according to this hadith, ends when the child develops intellect and understanding, and acquires the ability and discernment to conduct transactions. This is also the position of the Imams of Hijaz (Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i, Imam Ahmad) and the two companions (Imam Abu Yusuf and Imam Muhammad). However, according to Imam Abu Hanifah, when the orphan reaches twenty-five years of age, his wealth is handed over to him, and it is assumed that he has developed ability, intellect, and understanding, and can conduct transactions with people properly. Although the Noble Qur'an has stipulated the condition: ﴿آنَسْتُم مِّنْهُمْ رُشْدًا﴾ "when you perceive in them sound judgment," it has not specified any particular age.
Similarly, Najdah asked about the khums (one-fifth) of the spoils of war, so Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma replied: "The households of our people did not give this to us, whereas my position is that this is the right of your (relatives of the Prophet, ذالقربی)." Imam Shafi'i also holds the view that the khums of the spoils should be divided into five parts, and the fifth part should be distributed among Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, without distinction between the rich and the poor, and both men and women should receive it. Imam Ahmad also holds this view. However, according to the Hanafis, the khums of the spoils is to be divided into three parts: (1) orphans (2) the needy (3) and travelers, and among the poor, the poor among the relatives (ذوالقربیٰ) are also included, but the wealthy are not given anything. And by (أبیٰ علينا قومنا) "our people refused us," the Hanafis mean the Rightly Guided Caliphs, while according to the Shafi'is, it refers to Yazid ibn Muawiyah and the caliphs after him.
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
يُحْذَيْنَ:
They will be given some gift.
(2)
مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ؟:
When will an orphan no longer be considered under the ruling of an orphan?
(3)
إِنَّهُ لَضَعِيفُ الْأَخْذِ:
Even after reaching puberty, he does not have the ability to conduct transactions; he does not possess understanding of rights and obligations.
(4)
فَإِذَا أَخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ صَالِحِ مَا يَأْخُذُ النَّاسُ:
When he demonstrates understanding in dealing with people, just as people properly take their rights.
Benefits and Issues:
Najdah al-Khariji asked Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma about several matters through a letter. Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma did not like to reply to him due to his extremism and excessiveness in religion, but, fearing the warning against concealing knowledge, he became willing to answer him. He replied regarding women participating in jihad and their share in the spoils of war, that they may go for necessities such as treatment and care, but they will not receive the same share in the spoils as the combatants. However, they may be given something as a gift. This is also the position of the majority of jurists, Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Shafi'i, Imam Ahmad, and others. According to Imam Malik, women will not be given anything, and the same ruling applies to slaves. Likewise, children who do not participate in battle are not to be killed, and the ruling of orphanhood, according to this hadith, ends when the child develops intellect and understanding, and acquires the ability and discernment to conduct transactions. This is also the position of the Imams of Hijaz (Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i, Imam Ahmad) and the two companions (Imam Abu Yusuf and Imam Muhammad). However, according to Imam Abu Hanifah, when the orphan reaches twenty-five years of age, his wealth is handed over to him, and it is assumed that he has developed ability, intellect, and understanding, and can conduct transactions with people properly. Although the Noble Qur'an has stipulated the condition: ﴿آنَسْتُم مِّنْهُمْ رُشْدًا﴾ "when you perceive in them sound judgment," it has not specified any particular age.
Similarly, Najdah asked about the khums (one-fifth) of the spoils of war, so Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma replied: "The households of our people did not give this to us, whereas my position is that this is the right of your (relatives of the Prophet, ذالقربی)." Imam Shafi'i also holds the view that the khums of the spoils should be divided into five parts, and the fifth part should be distributed among Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, without distinction between the rich and the poor, and both men and women should receive it. Imam Ahmad also holds this view. However, according to the Hanafis, the khums of the spoils is to be divided into three parts: (1) orphans (2) the needy (3) and travelers, and among the poor, the poor among the relatives (ذوالقربیٰ) are also included, but the wealthy are not given anything. And by (أبیٰ علينا قومنا) "our people refused us," the Hanafis mean the Rightly Guided Caliphs, while according to the Shafi'is, it refers to Yazid ibn Muawiyah and the caliphs after him.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 4684
