صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الجهاد والسيرThe Book of Jihad and Expeditions
باب فِي غَزْوَةِ حُنَيْنٍ:Chapter: The Battle of Hunain
وحَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ يُونُسَ الْحَنَفِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي إِيَاسُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، قَالَ : " غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حُنَيْنًا ، فَلَمَّا وَاجَهْنَا الْعَدُوَّ تَقَدَّمْتُ فَأَعْلُو ثَنِيَّةً ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَأَرْمِيهِ بِسَهْمٍ فَتَوَارَى عَنِّي ، فَمَا دَرَيْتُ مَا صَنَعَ وَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ فَإِذَا هُمْ قَدْ طَلَعُوا مِنْ ثَنِيَّةٍ أُخْرَى ، فَالْتَقَوْا هُمْ وَصَحَابَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَوَلَّى صَحَابَةُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَأَرْجِعُ مُنْهَزِمًا وَعَلَيَّ بُرْدَتَانِ مُتَّزِرًا بِإِحْدَاهُمَا مُرْتَدِيًا بِالْأُخْرَى ، فَاسْتَطْلَقَ إِزَارِي فَجَمَعْتُهُمَا جَمِيعًا ، وَمَرَرْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُنْهَزِمًا وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الشَّهْبَاءِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَقَدْ رَأَى ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ فَزَعًا ، فَلَمَّا غَشُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَزَلَ عَنِ الْبَغْلَةِ ثُمَّ قَبَضَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ تُرَابٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبَلَ بِهِ وُجُوهَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : شَاهَتِ الْوُجُوهُ فَمَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ إِنْسَانًا إِلَّا مَلَأَ عَيْنَيْهِ تُرَابًا بِتِلْكَ الْقَبْضَةِ ، فَوَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَقَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَنَائِمَهُمْ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " .
This tradition has been narrated on the authority of Salama who said: We fought by the side of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) at Hunain. When we encountered the enemy, I advanced and ascended a hillock. A man from the enemy side turned towards me and I shot him with an arrow. He (ducked and) hid himself from me. I could not understand what he did, but (all of a sudden) I saw that a group of people appeared from the other hillock. They and the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) met in combat, but the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ) turned back and I too turned back defeated. I had two mantles, one of which I was wrapping round the waist (covering the lower part of my body) and the other I was putting around my shoulders. My waist-wrapper got loose and I held the two mantles together. (In this downcast condition) I passed by the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who was riding on his white mule. He said: The son of Akwa' finds himself to be utterly perplexed. Where the Companions gathered round him from all sides. the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) got down from his mule, picked up a handful of dust from the ground, threw it into their (enemy) faces and said: May these faces be deformed. There was no one among the enemy whose eyes were not filled with the dust from this handful. So they turned back fleeing and Allah the Exalted and Glorious defeated them, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) distributed their booty among the Muslims.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Istalaqa izāray:
While fleeing, my lower garment (izār) became loose,
(which I held together with my upper sheet,
because there was no opportunity to tie it.)
(2)
Munhaziman:
This is a circumstantial qualifier (hāl) relating to the subject of "marartu" (I passed by), meaning that I passed by in a defeated state.
It is not a circumstantial qualifier relating to the object, i.e., the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), such that it could be said that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was defeated.
(3)
Shāhat al-wujūh:
As a result of the supplication of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), their faces became disgraced,
because, having failed, they had become captives.
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Istalaqa izāray:
While fleeing, my lower garment (izār) became loose,
(which I held together with my upper sheet,
because there was no opportunity to tie it.)
(2)
Munhaziman:
This is a circumstantial qualifier (hāl) relating to the subject of "marartu" (I passed by), meaning that I passed by in a defeated state.
It is not a circumstantial qualifier relating to the object, i.e., the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), such that it could be said that he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was defeated.
(3)
Shāhat al-wujūh:
As a result of the supplication of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), their faces became disgraced,
because, having failed, they had become captives.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 4619
