صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الجهاد والسيرThe Book of Jihad and Expeditions
باب كِتَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ يَدْعُوهُ إِلَى الإِسْلاَمِ:Chapter: The Prophet (saws) wrote to Heraclius, the ruler of Syria, inviting him to Islam
وحَدَّثَنَاه حَسَنٌ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ ، وَعَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، عَنْ صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَزَادَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ ، وَكَانَ قَيْصَرُ لَمَّا كَشَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ جُنُودَ فَارِسَ مَشَى مِنْ حِمْصَ إِلَى إِيلِيَاءَ شُكْرًا لِمَا أَبْلَاهُ اللَّهُ ، وَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ، وَقَالَ : إِثْمَ الْيَرِيسِيِّينَ ، وَقَالَ : بِدَاعِيَةِ الْإِسْلَامِ .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Shihab with the same chain of transmitters but with the addition: "When Allah inflicted defeat on the armies of Persia, Caesar moved from Hims to Aelia (Bait al-Maqdis) for thanking Allah as He granted him victory." In this hadith these words occur: "From Muhammad, servant of Allah and His Messenger," and said: "The sin of your followers," and also said the words: "to the call of Islam".
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Malik Bani al-Asfar:
The ancestor of the Romans, Rum bin ‘Is, married an Abyssinian princess. Because of this, his descendants had a wheatish complexion, or his grandmother, Lady Sarah alayha as-salam, adorned him with gold, and thus his descendants were called Banu al-Asfar (the yellow ones).
(2)
Ithm al-Yarisiyeen:
"Irisiyeen" and "Yarisiyeen" have the same meaning, which is farmer or cultivator, as in some narrations the word "akkareen" (cultivators) is used, and in one mursal narration, "ithm al-fallahin" (sin of the farmers) is mentioned. Some have interpreted it as servants and attendants, while according to others, it refers to the followers of Abdullah bin Iris, and according to some, it means chiefs and princes who lead people astray. However, the correct meaning is the first one.
(3)
Du‘aya and Da‘iya:
Both mean unity, or by "da‘iya" is meant the word "da‘iya," i.e., the word of tawhid (the declaration of the oneness of Allah).
(4)
Shukr alima ablahu Allah:
The blessing and favor that Allah bestowed upon him, namely, that He granted him dominance over his enemies, the Persians, who had destroyed his kingdom and besieged him in his capital, Constantinople.
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Malik Bani al-Asfar:
The ancestor of the Romans, Rum bin ‘Is, married an Abyssinian princess. Because of this, his descendants had a wheatish complexion, or his grandmother, Lady Sarah alayha as-salam, adorned him with gold, and thus his descendants were called Banu al-Asfar (the yellow ones).
(2)
Ithm al-Yarisiyeen:
"Irisiyeen" and "Yarisiyeen" have the same meaning, which is farmer or cultivator, as in some narrations the word "akkareen" (cultivators) is used, and in one mursal narration, "ithm al-fallahin" (sin of the farmers) is mentioned. Some have interpreted it as servants and attendants, while according to others, it refers to the followers of Abdullah bin Iris, and according to some, it means chiefs and princes who lead people astray. However, the correct meaning is the first one.
(3)
Du‘aya and Da‘iya:
Both mean unity, or by "da‘iya" is meant the word "da‘iya," i.e., the word of tawhid (the declaration of the oneness of Allah).
(4)
Shukr alima ablahu Allah:
The blessing and favor that Allah bestowed upon him, namely, that He granted him dominance over his enemies, the Persians, who had destroyed his kingdom and besieged him in his capital, Constantinople.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 4608
