صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب البيوعThe Book of Transactions
باب النَّهْيِ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ قَبْلَ بُدُوِّ صَلاَحِهَا بِغَيْرِ شَرْطِ الْقَطْعِ:Chapter: The prohibition of selling produce before its goodness appears
Hadith 1536
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَي بْنُ يَحْيَي ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى أَوْ نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَطِيبَ " .
Yahya ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Khaythamah informed us, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir.
And Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated to us, Zuhayr narrated to us, Abu al-Zubayr narrated to us, from Jabir, who said:
"The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade or forbade us from selling fruit until it ripens."
And Ahmad ibn Yunus narrated to us, Zuhayr narrated to us, Abu al-Zubayr narrated to us, from Jabir, who said:
"The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, forbade or forbade us from selling fruit until it ripens."
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ النَّوْفَلِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ . ح حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ : حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُول : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهُ " .
Jabir bin'Abdullah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding the sale of fruit until its good condition is obvious.
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، قَالُوا جَمِيعًا : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم عَنْ : الْمُحَاقَلَةِ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهُ ، وَلَا يُبَاعُ إِلَّا بِالدِّينَارِ وَالدِّرْهَمِ ، إِلَّا الْعَرَايَا " .
Jabir bin'Abdullah (RA) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had forbidden Muhaqala. and Muzabana, Mukhibara and the sale of fruits until their good condition becomes clear, and (he commanded) that (commodities) should not be sold but for the dinar and dirham except in case of araya.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، وَأَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، أَنَّهُمَا سَمِعَا جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِهِ .
Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the types of sales as described before.
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حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَخْلَدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْجَزَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَطَاءٌ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ ، وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرَةِ حَتَّى تُطْعِمَ ، وَلَا تُبَاعُ إِلَّا بِالدَّرَاهِمِ وَالدَّنَانِيرِ ، إِلَّا الْعَرَايَا " . قَالَ عَطَاءٌ : فَسَّرَ لَنَا جَابِرٌ ، قَالَ : أَمَّا الْمُخَابَرَةُ : فَالْأَرْضُ الْبَيْضَاءُ ، يَدْفَعُهَا الرَّجُلُ إِلَى الرَّجُل ، فَيُنْفِقُ فِيهَا ، ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ مِنَ الثَّمَرِ ، وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ الْمُزَابَنَةَ : بَيْعُ الرُّطَبِ فِي النَّخْلِ بِالتَّمْرِ كَيْلًا ، وَالْمُحَاقَلَةُ فِي الزَّرْعِ : عَلَى نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ يَبِيعُ الزَّرْعَ الْقَائِمَ بِالْحَبِّ كَيْلًا .
Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade Mukhabara and Muhaqala, and Muzabana, and the sale of the fruit until it is fit for eating, and its sale but with dirham and dinar. Exception is made in case of 'araya. Ata' said:Jabir explained (these terms) for us. As for Mukhabara it is this that a wasteland is given by a person to another and he makes an investment in it and then gets a share in the produce. According to him (Jabir), Muzabana is the sell of fresh dates on the tree for dry dates with a measure, and Muhaqala in agriculture implies that one should sell the standing crop for grains with a measure.
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حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي خَلَفٍ ، كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ زَكَرِيَّاءَ ، قَالَ ابْنُ خَلَفٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْمَكِّيُّ ، وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ عِنْدَ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنِ الْمُحَاقَلَةِ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ ، وَأَنْ تُشْتَرَى النَّخْلُ حَتَّى تُشْقِهَ " ، وَالْإِشْقَاهُ : أَنْ يَحْمَرَّ ، أَوْ يَصْفَرَّ ، أَوْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ ، وَالْمُحَاقَلَةُ : أَنْ يُبَاعَ الْحَقْلُ بِكَيْلٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ مَعْلُومٍ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةُ : أَنْ يُبَاعَ النَّخْلُ بِأَوْسَاقٍ مِنَ التَّمْرِ ، وَالْمُخَابَرَةُ : الثُّلُثُ وَالرُّبُعُ وَأَشْبَاهُ ذَلِكَ ، قَالَ زَيْدٌ : قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ : أَسَمِعْتَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَذْكُرُ هَذَا ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muhaqala, and Muzabana, and Mukhabara, and the buying of date-palm until its fruit is ripened (ripening means that its colour becomes red or yellow, or it is fit for being eaten). And Muhaqala implies that crops in the field are bought for grains according to a customary measure. Muzabana implies that date-palm should be sold for dry dates by measuring them with wisqs, and al-Mukhabara is (a share), maybe one-third or one-fourth (in produce) or something like it. Zaid (one of the narrators) said to Ata' b. Abu Rabah (the other narrator):Did You bear Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) making a mention of it that he had heard it directly from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)? He said: Yes.
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وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَلِيمُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَاءَ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ : الْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَالْمُحَاقَلَةِ ، وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرَةِ حَتَّى تُشْقِحَ " ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِسَعِيدٍ : مَا تُشْقِحُ ؟ قَالَ : تَحْمَارُّ ، وَتَصْفَارُّ ، وَيُؤْكَلُ مِنْهَا .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muzabana and Muhaqala, and Mukhabara, and the sale of fruits until they are ripe. I (the narrator) said to Sa'id (the other narrator):What does ripening imply? He said: It meant that they become red or become yellow and are fit for eating.
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حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْقَوَارِيرِيُّ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْغُبَرِيُّ ، وَاللَّفْظُ لِعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ مِينَاءَ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ : الْمُحَاقَلَةِ ، وَالْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَالْمُعَاوَمَةِ ، وَالْمُخَابَرَةِ ، قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا : بَيْعُ السِّنِينَ هِيَ : الْمُعَاوَمَةُ ، وَعَنِ الثُّنْيَا ، وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muhaqala and Muzabana and Mu'awama and Mukhabara. (One of the narrators) 'said:Sale years ahead is Mu'awama, and making exceptional but he made an exemption of araya.
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وحَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، بِمِثْلِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَذْكُرُ بَيْعُ السِّنِينَ : هِيَ الْمُعَاوَمَةُ .
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) from Allah's Apostle (ﷺ). but he made no mention of transactions years (ahead) implying Mu'awama.
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وحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ ، حَدَّثَنَا رَبَاحُ بْنُ أَبِي مَعْرُوفٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عَطَاءً ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِهَا السِّنِينَ ، وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَطِيبَ " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade leasing of land, and selling ahead for years and selling of fruits before they become ripe.
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وحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ مَطَرٍ الْوَرَّاقِ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden the renting of land.
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وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ لَقَبُهُ عَارِمٌ وَهُوَ أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ السَّدُوسِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَطَرٌ الْوَرَّاقُ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَزْرَعْهَا ، فَلْيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:He who has land should cultivate it himself, but if he does not cultivate it himself, then he should let his brother cultivate it.
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حَدَّثَنَا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا هِقْلٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زِيَادٍ ، عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : كَانَ لِرِجَالٍ فُضُولُ أَرَضِينَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ فَضْلُ أَرْضٍ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، أَوْ لِيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ ، فَإِنْ أَبَى ، فَلْيُمْسِكْ أَرْضَهُ " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported some of the Companions of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had surplus of land. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said:He, who has surplus land (in his possession) should cultivate it, or he should lend it to his brother for benefit, but if he refuses to accept it, he should retain it.
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وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَلَّى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّازِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ ، أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّيْبَانِيُّ ، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الْأَخْنَسِ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ لِلْأَرْضِ أَجْرٌ ، أَوْ حَظٌّ " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) having forbidden taking of rent or share of land.
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يَزْرَعَهَا وَعَجَزَ عَنْهَا ، فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ ، وَلَا يُؤَاجِرْهَا إِيَّاهُ " .
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:He who has land should cultivate it, but if he does not find it possible to cultivate it, or finds himself helpless to do so, he should lend it to his Muslim brother, but he should not accept rent from him.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ فَرُّوخَ ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ، قَالَ : سَأَلَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَطَاءً ، فَقَالَ : أَحَدَّثَكَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، أَوْ لِيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ ، وَلَا يُكْرِهَا " ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
Sulaiman b. Musa asked Ata': Did Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying:" He who has land should cultivate it himself, or let his brother cultivate it, and should not give on rent"? He said: Yes.
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ : أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنِ الْمُخَابَرَةِ " .
Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) having forbidden Mukhabara.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنِي حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَلِيمُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مِينَاءَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ فَضْلُ أَرْضٍ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، أَوْ لِيُزْرِعْهَا أَخَاهُ ، وَلَا تَبِيعُوهَا " ، فَقُلْتُ لِسَعِيدٍ : مَا قَوْلُهُ : وَلَا تَبِيعُوهَا : يَعْنِي الْكِرَاء ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say:He who has surplus of land should either cultivate it himself, or let his brother cultivate it, an should not sell it. I (the narrator) said to Sa'id: What does his statement" do not sell it" mean? Does it imply" rent"? He said: Yes.
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا نُخَابِرُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَنُصِيبُ مِنَ الْقِصْرِيِّ ، وَمِنْ كَذَا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، أَوْ فَلْيُحْرِثْهَا أَخَاهُ ، وَإِلَّا فَلْيَدَعْهَا " .
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported:We used to cultivate land on rent during the lifetime of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and we got a share out of the grain left in the ears after threshing them and something unspecified. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: He who has land should cultivate it or let his brother till it, otherwise he should leave it.
• • •
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى ، جميعا عَنْ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ ، قَالَ ابْنُ عِيسَى ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي هِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، أَنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ الْمَكِّيّ ، حَدَّثَهُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، يَقُولُ : كُنَّا فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَأْخُذُ الْأَرْضَ بِالثُّلُثِ ، أَوِ الرُّبُعِ بِالْمَاذِيَانَاتِ ، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَزْرَعْهَا ، فَلْيَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَمْنَحْهَا أَخَاهُ ، فَلْيُمْسِكْهَا " .
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported:We used to get land (on rent) during the lifetime of Allah's Messeuge, (ﷺ) with a share of one-third or one-fourth (of the produce from the land irrigated) with the help of canals. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stood up (to address) and said: HRe who has land should cultivate it, and if he does not cultivate it, he should lend it to his brother, and if he does not lend it to his brother, he should then retain it.
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهُ أَرْضٌ ، فَلْيَهَبْهَا أَوْ لِيُعِرْهَا " .
Jabir (Allah he pleased with him) reported:I heard Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) as saying: He who has (surplus) land should donate it (to others), or lend it.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنِيهِ حَجَّاجُ بْنُ الشَّاعِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْجَوَّابِ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمَّارُ بْنُ رُزَيْقٍ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : فَلْيَزْرَعْهَا ، أَوْ فَلْيُزْرِعْهَا رَجُلًا .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters, but with a slight change of words.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنِي هَارُونُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْأَيْلِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرٌو وَهُوَ ابْنُ الْحَارِثِ ، أَنَّ بُكَيْرًا ، حَدَّثَهُ : أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، حَدَّثَهُ ، عَنْ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنْ كِرَاءِ الْأَرْضِ " . قَالَ بُكَيْرٌ : وَحَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ ، يَقُولُ : كُنَّا نُكْرِي أَرْضَنَا ، ثُمَّ تَرَكْنَا ذَلِكَ حِينَ سَمِعْنَا حَدِيثَ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ .
Jabir bin `Abdullah (RA) reportedthat Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had forbidden renting of land. Bukair (one of the narrators) said: Nafi` reported to me that he heard Ibn `Umar (RA) saying: We usedto give land on rent; we then abandoned this practice when we heard the hadith of Rafi` bin Khadij.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَاه يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْأَرْضِ الْبَيْضَاءِ سَنَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا " .
Jabir (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding the selling (renting of) uncultivated land for two years or three.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَعَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، قَالُوا : حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الْأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَتِيقٍ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، قَالَ : " نَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ بَيْعِ السِّنِينَ " ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ : عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ سِنِينَ .
Jabir (RA) reported Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbidding selling of (produce) in advance for two years, and in the narmtion of Ibu Abd Shaiba (the words are):" Selling of the fruits (on the tree) in advance for two years."
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ الْحُلْوَانِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو تَوْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، أَنَّ يَزِيدَ بْنَ نُعَيْمٍ ، أَخْبَرَهُ ، أَنَّ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، أَخْبَرَهُ : أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " يَنْهَى عَنْ : الْمُزَابَنَةِ ، وَالْحُقُولِ " ، فَقَالَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ : الْمُزَابَنَةُ : الثَّمَرُ بِالتَّمْرِ ، وَالْحُقُولُ : كِرَاءُ الْأَرْضِ .
Jabir bin'Abdullah (RA) reported: I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbidding Muzabana, and Huqul. Jabir bin'Abdullah (RA) said: Muzabana means the selling of fruits for dry dates and Huqul is the renting of land.
• • •
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In the narration of Anas (radi Allahu anhu), the word "zuhw" is used.
When the fruit of the date palm becomes visible and, in order to reach ripeness, turns red or yellow, this word is used for that state, and its season is the month of Har (the hot season).
At that time, the star Thurayya (Pleiades) begins to rise in the morning.
The rising of Thurayya is a sign of its ripening.
At that time, the period of danger for the fruits comes to an end.
In the region of Hijaz, there is intense heat at that time, and fruits, etc., become ripe.
(2)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) writes:
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has narrated these ahadith with excellent arrangement.
In the hadith of Zayd ibn Thabit (radi Allahu anhu), the reason for the prohibition is mentioned, and in the hadith of Ibn Umar (radi Allahu anhuma), the explicitness of the prohibition is found. Then, in the ahadith of Anas and Jabir (radi Allahu anhuma), the ultimate extent of this prohibitive ruling is mentioned, where its application does not occur.
(Fath al-Bari: 4/502)
(1)
In the narration of Anas (radi Allahu anhu), the word "zuhw" is used.
When the fruit of the date palm becomes visible and, in order to reach ripeness, turns red or yellow, this word is used for that state, and its season is the month of Har (the hot season).
At that time, the star Thurayya (Pleiades) begins to rise in the morning.
The rising of Thurayya is a sign of its ripening.
At that time, the period of danger for the fruits comes to an end.
In the region of Hijaz, there is intense heat at that time, and fruits, etc., become ripe.
(2)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) writes:
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has narrated these ahadith with excellent arrangement.
In the hadith of Zayd ibn Thabit (radi Allahu anhu), the reason for the prohibition is mentioned, and in the hadith of Ibn Umar (radi Allahu anhuma), the explicitness of the prohibition is found. Then, in the ahadith of Anas and Jabir (radi Allahu anhuma), the ultimate extent of this prohibitive ruling is mentioned, where its application does not occur.
(Fath al-Bari: 4/502)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 2196
Shaykh Muhammad Ibrahim bin Basheer
Benefit:
This hadith proves that if someone has sold produce, and before its harvest a calamity befalls it and the produce is damaged, then the original owner should forgo some of the produce or some of the money. Islam is a religion that is compassionate towards humanity; it does not cause harm to anyone.
This hadith proves that if someone has sold produce, and before its harvest a calamity befalls it and the produce is damaged, then the original owner should forgo some of the produce or some of the money. Islam is a religion that is compassionate towards humanity; it does not cause harm to anyone.
Source: Musnad al-Humaydi: Commentary by Muhammad Ibrahim bin Bashir, Page: 1315
Shaykh Muhammad Ibrahim bin Basheer
Benefit:
From this hadith, it is established that selling a crop for several years in advance is not permissible, because various calamities may befall the crop in the meantime—sometimes floods occur, and at other times diseases may strike. Therefore, Islam prohibits the sale of crops for multiple years, as Islam seeks to establish security and fairness. Rather, the crop should be sold each year separately.
From this hadith, it is established that selling a crop for several years in advance is not permissible, because various calamities may befall the crop in the meantime—sometimes floods occur, and at other times diseases may strike. Therefore, Islam prohibits the sale of crops for multiple years, as Islam seeks to establish security and fairness. Rather, the crop should be sold each year separately.
Source: Musnad al-Humaydi: Commentary by Muhammad Ibrahim bin Bashir, Page: 1317
Shaykh Muhammad Ibrahim bin Basheer
Benefit:
This hadith mentions certain types of sales transactions. Now, many new contemporary economic issues have arisen; the names of sales (buyu‘) and usury (riba) have been changed. Many people with little education have become entangled in unlawful business dealings. There is an urgent need for detailed work on these matters. May Allah place blessing in time and health. A dedicated book will be written on this subject under the title “Important Contemporary Economic Issues,” insha’Allah.
This hadith mentions certain types of sales transactions. Now, many new contemporary economic issues have arisen; the names of sales (buyu‘) and usury (riba) have been changed. Many people with little education have become entangled in unlawful business dealings. There is an urgent need for detailed work on these matters. May Allah place blessing in time and health. A dedicated book will be written on this subject under the title “Important Contemporary Economic Issues,” insha’Allah.
Source: Musnad al-Humaydi: Commentary by Muhammad Ibrahim bin Bashir, Page: 1327
