صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب العتقThe Book of Emancipating Slaves
باب فَضْلِ عِتْقِ الْوَالِدِ:Chapter: The virtue of manumitting one's father
Hadith 1510
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَزُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَجْزِي وَلَدٌ وَالِدًا ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَجِدَهُ مَمْلُوكًا ، فَيَشْتَرِيَهُ فَيُعْتِقَهُ " ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ : وَلَدٌ وَالِدَهُ .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: A son does not repay what he owes his father unless he buys him (the father) in case he is a slave and then emancipates him. In the narration transmitted by Ibn Abu Shaiba there is a slight change of words.
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وحَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي . ح وحَدَّثَنِي عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ ، كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ سُهَيْلٍ ، بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ مِثْلَهُ ، وَقَالُوا : وَلَدٌ وَالِدَهُ .
A hadith like this has been narrated on the authority of Suhail with the same chain of transmitters.
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Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation: 1:
This is the recompense for the father’s favor because there is nothing better by which one can do a favor to another than to free someone from the life of slavery.
This is the recompense for the father’s favor because there is nothing better by which one can do a favor to another than to free someone from the life of slavery.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1906
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
The meaning of emancipation here is not that the son purchases the father.
Rather, he should now practically announce the emancipation.
In fact, there is consensus (ijma‘) among the scholars of the ummah
that as soon as the father comes into the ownership of the son, or the son into the ownership of the father, he is automatically emancipated immediately.
The mention of emancipation has come in relation to the act of purchase.
And this act has been described as the son fulfilling the rights of the father.
The meaning of emancipation here is not that the son purchases the father.
Rather, he should now practically announce the emancipation.
In fact, there is consensus (ijma‘) among the scholars of the ummah
that as soon as the father comes into the ownership of the son, or the son into the ownership of the father, he is automatically emancipated immediately.
The mention of emancipation has come in relation to the act of purchase.
And this act has been described as the son fulfilling the rights of the father.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 5137
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊ It is necessary to strive as much as possible in serving one’s parents.
➋ Freeing a slave man or woman is a very great act of virtue.
➌ The children born to a free man from his slave woman (surriyah) are free, while their mother remains a slave. Similarly, it is also possible that both the parents and the children are all slaves. Then, if the master frees the son while his parents remain slaves, in such a situation, the child can purchase his parents, and as soon as the parents come into the ownership of the child, they will be legally declared free.
➊ It is necessary to strive as much as possible in serving one’s parents.
➋ Freeing a slave man or woman is a very great act of virtue.
➌ The children born to a free man from his slave woman (surriyah) are free, while their mother remains a slave. Similarly, it is also possible that both the parents and the children are all slaves. Then, if the master frees the son while his parents remain slaves, in such a situation, the child can purchase his parents, and as soon as the parents come into the ownership of the child, they will be legally declared free.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 3659
