Muslim

Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
Arb:
Plural: Arab
Limb.

Benefits and Issues:
From this hadith, it is understood that in order to attain this virtue and freedom from the Fire, it is necessary to free a Muslim slave who is complete in all limbs; otherwise, this virtue will not be attained.

Hadith Commentary:
Upon hearing this hadith from Sa'id bin Marjana, Zayn al-Abidin ibn Husayn (rahimahullah) immediately acted upon it and freed a valuable slave of his, for whom he was being offered ten thousand dirhams.
The slave's name was Mutarrif.
However, Zayn al-Abidin did not look towards the money, but rather looked towards a great act of virtue.
This is the distinguishing quality of the friends of Allah: they are always ready to attain compassion and kindness towards humanity at any cost.
It is such people who are honored with the titles of Awliya Allah (friends of Allah) or 'Ibad al-Rahman (servants of the Most Merciful).

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In one narration of Sahih Bukhari, there is an additional statement here that for the private part of the slave, the private part of the one who emancipates him will be freed from Hellfire.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kafarat al-Ayman, Hadith: 6715)
Since after shirk (associating partners with Allah), the greatest sin is adultery (zina), the private part has been mentioned specifically.

(2)
From this, it is also understood that when the limbs of the emancipated slave become the ransom for the limbs of the emancipator, it is necessary that the slave’s limbs should not be defective; his hand should not be paralyzed, nor should there be any defect in his eye, ear, etc.
If all his limbs are sound, then the full reward will be attained.
(Fath al-Bari: 5/183)

(3)
Imam Zayn al-Abidin rahimahullah, through his actions, stamped the authenticity of this hadith with his seal of confirmation.
This is the most effective manner of affirmation, and it also gives a glimpse of his spirit of following (the Sunnah), that upon hearing the hadith of the Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, he immediately acted upon it.

Hadith Commentary:
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah did not explicitly state any ruling in the chapter heading; however, from the presented hadith it is understood that, according to him, freeing a believing (mu’min) slave is superior. This is because if the one offering expiation for an oath (kafarah) frees a non-believing slave, he will remain in doubt as to whether he has truly fulfilled his responsibility. Furthermore, Abu Dharr radi Allahu anhu asked the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam: “Which slave is best to free?” He replied:
“The one who is valuable and beloved and preferred by his master.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-‘Itq: 2518)
Although the condition of being a believer is not mentioned in this hadith, it is better, in order to avoid doubt and uncertainty, to free a believing slave.
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: From this hadith, it is understood that freeing a male slave is better, and the fundamental point is that this depends on his usefulness and value—whichever is greater in benefit and more valuable, freeing that one is better, whether it is a male slave or a female slave, because the word "raqabah" (neck) is general, and the context of the hadith is the same for both.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: Those people who perform such great and virtuous deeds certainly also continue to supplicate for the forgiveness of their sins. Therefore, the objection is unfounded that by freeing a slave, even the forgiveness of one who commits major sins (kabirah) is achieved, whereas it is agreed upon that major sins (kabirah) are not forgiven without repentance (tawbah).

Commentary: 1؎ :
The connection of the hadiths mentioned in this chapter and the next with 'Kitab al-Ayman' is that in the expiation (kaffarah) of oaths, the first option is to free a slave,
and Allah knows best.

Takhrij:
«أخرجه البخاري، العتق، باب في العتق وفضله، حديث:2517، ومسلم، العتق، باب فضل العتق، حديث:1509، وحديث أبي أمامة: أخرجه الترمذي، النذور والأيمان، حديث:1547 وهو حديث صحيح، وحديث كعب ابن مرة: أخرجه أبوداود، العتق، حديث:3967، والنسائي، الجهاد، حديث:3147، وابن ماجه، العتق، حديث:2522 وسنده ضعيف لا نقطا عه.»
©Explanation:
➊ This hadith proves that granting the blessing of freedom to a Muslim slave becomes a cause for forgiveness and emancipation from Hellfire. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has strongly encouraged this in various ways.
➋ It is a great favor of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) upon humanity that he bestowed the blessing of freedom upon people by breaking the chains of slavery and made them aware of the rights of slaves. Otherwise, slaves would have had to endure conditions even worse than those of animals.
© Hadith Narrator:
«حضرت کعب بن مُرّہ رضی اللہ عنہ » Some scholars also refer to him as Marrah ibn Ka'b.
He first came to Basrah, then moved to Jordan, and passed away there in 57 or 59 AH.