صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب النكاحThe Book of Marriage
باب زَوَاجِ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ وَنُزُولِ الْحِجَابِ وَإِثْبَاتِ وَلِيمَةِ الْعُرْسِ:Chapter: The Marriage of Zainab Bint Jahsh, The Revelation of (the verse of) Hijab, and confirmation of the importance of the wedding feast.
Hadith 1428
حدثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَاتِمِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ ، حدثنا بَهْزٌ . ح وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ، حدثنا أَبُو النَّضْرِ هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ ، قَالَا جَمِيعًا : حدثنا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ بَهْزٍ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا انْقَضَتْ عِدَّةُ زَيْنَبَ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِزَيْدٍ : " فَاذْكُرْهَا عَلَيَّ " ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَ زَيْدٌ حَتَّى أَتَاهَا ، وَهِيَ تُخَمِّرُ عَجِينَهَا ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهَا عَظُمَتْ فِي صَدْرِي ، حَتَّى مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ذَكَرَهَا فَوَلَّيْتُهَا ظَهْرِي وَنَكَصْتُ عَلَى عَقِبِي ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا زَيْنَبُ ، أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُكِ ، قَالَت : مَا أَنَا بِصَانِعَةٍ شَيْئًا حَتَّى أُوَامِرَ رَبِّي ، فَقَامَتْ إِلَى مَسْجِدِهَا ، وَنَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنٍ ، قَالَ : فقَالَ : وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَطْعَمَنَا الْخُبْزَ ، وَاللَّحْمَ حِينَ امْتَدَّ النَّهَارُ ، فَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ ، وَبَقِيَ رِجَالٌ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ فِي الْبَيْتِ بَعْدَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاتَّبَعْتُهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَتَتَبَّعُ حُجَرَ نِسَائِهِ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ ، وَيَقُلْنَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ وَجَدْتَ أَهْلَكَ ؟ ، قَالَ : فَمَا أَدْرِي أَنَا أَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ خَرَجُوا ، أَوْ أَخْبَرَنِي ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ ، فَذَهَبْتُ أَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ فَأَلْقَى السِّتْرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ ، وَنَزَلَ الْحِجَابُ ، قَالَ : وَوُعِظَ الْقَوْمُ بِمَا وُعِظُوا بِهِ " ، زَادَ ابْنُ رَافِعٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : لا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ ، إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : وَاللَّهُ لا يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ سورة الأحزاب آية 53 .
Anas (RA) reported: When the 'Iddah of Zainab was over, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to Zaid to make a mention to her about him. Zaid went on until he came to her and she was fermenting her flour. He (Zaid) said: As I saw her I felt in my heart an idea of her greatness so much so that I could not see towards her (simply for the fact) that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had made a mention of her. So I turned my back towards her, and I turned upon my heels, and said: Zainab, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) has sent (me) with a message to you. She said: I do not do anything until I solicit the will of my Lord. So she stood at her place of worship and the (verse of) the Qur'an (pertaining to her marriage) were revealed, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came to her without permission. He (the narrator) said: I saw that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) served us bread and meat until it was broad daylight and the people went away, but some persons who were busy in conversation stayed on in the house after the meal. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) also went out and I also followed him, and he began to visit the apartments of his wives greeting them (with the words): As-Salamu 'alaikum, and they would say: Allah's Messenger, how did you find your family (hadrat Zainab)? He (the narrator) stated: I do not know whether I had informed him that the people had gone out or he (the Holy Prophet) informed me (about that). He moved on until he entered the apartment, and I also went and wanted to enter (the apartment) along with him, but he threw a curtain between me and him, as (the verses pertaining to seclusion) had been revealed, and people were instructed in what they had been instructed. Ibn Rafii had made this addition in his narration: "O you who believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet (ﷺ) unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished..." to the words"... Allah forbears not from the truth."
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حدثنا أَبُو الرَّبِيعِ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ ، وَأَبُو كَامِلٍ فُضَيْلُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ ، وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، قَالُوا : حدثنا حَمَّادٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي كَامِلٍ : سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا ، قَالَ : " مَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْلَمَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ " ، وَقَالَ أَبُو كَامِلٍ : عَلَى شَيْءٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ ، مَا أَوْلَمَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ ، فَإِنَّهُ ذَبَحَ شَاةً .
Anas (RA) reported: I did not see Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) giving a wedding feast (on the marriage) of any one (of his wives) as he did in the case of (his marriage with) Zainab, for then he sacrificed a goat (on this occasion).
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حدثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ جَبَلَةَ بْنِ أَبِي رَوَّادٍ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ، قَالَا : حدثنا مُحَمَّدٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، حدثنا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ، يَقُولُ : " مَا أَوْلَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ ، أَكْثَرَ أَوْ أَفْضَلَ مِمَّا أَوْلَمَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ " ، فقَالَ ثَابِتٌ الْبُنَانِيُّ : بِمَا أَوْلَمَ ؟ قَالَ : أَطْعَمَهُمْ خُبْزًا ، وَلَحْمًا حَتَّى تَرَكُوهُ .
Anas bin Malik (RA) reported: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave no better wedding feast than the one he did (on the occasion of his marriage with) Zainab. Thabit al-Bunani (one of the narrators) said: What did he serve in the wedding feast? He (Anas) said: He fed them bread and meat (so lavishly) that they (the guests) abandoned it (of their own accord after having taken them to their hearts' content).
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حدثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ ، وَعَاصِمُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ التَّيْمِيُّ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى ، كُلُّهُمْ عَنْ مُعْتَمِرٍ ، وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ حَبِيبٍ : حدثنا مُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي ، حدثنا أَبُو مِجْلَزٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ دَعَا الْقَوْمَ فَطَعِمُوا ، ثُمَّ جَلَسُوا يَتَحَدَّثُونَ ، قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ كَأَنَّهُ يَتَهَيَّأُ لِلْقِيَامِ فَلَمْ يَقُومُوا ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَامَ ، فَلَمَّا قَامَ ، قَامَ مَنْ قَامَ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ " ، زَادَ عَاصِمٌ ، وَابْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى فِي حَدِيثِهِمَا ، قَالَ : فَقَعَدَ ثَلَاثَةٌ ، وَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ لِيَدْخُلَ ، فَإِذَا الْقَوْمُ جُلُوسٌ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ قَامُوا فَانْطَلَقُوا ، قَالَ : فَجِئْتُ فَأَخْبَرْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُمْ قَدِ انْطَلَقُوا ، قَالَ : فَجَاءَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ ، فَذَهَبْتُ أَدْخُلُ فَأَلْقَى الْحِجَابَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ ، قَالَ : وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ ، إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ عَظِيمًا سورة الأحزاب آية 53 .
Anas bin Malik (RA) reported: When Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) married Zainab bint jahsh, he invited people (to the wedding feast) and they ate food. They then sat there and entered into conversation. He (the Holy Prophet) made a stir as if he was preparing to stand up, but (the persons busy in talking) did not stand up. When he (the Holy Prophet) saw it, he stood up and when he did so, some other persons stood up. 'Asim and Abdul A'la in their narrations made this addition: Three (persons) sat there, and Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) came there to enter (the apartment) but he found the people sitting there. Then they stood up and went away. He said: Then I came and informed Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) that they had gone away. He (the Holy Prophet) then came there until he entered (the apartment). I also went and was about to enter, when he hung a curtain between me and him (and it was on this occasion that) Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, revealed this verse: "O you who believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet (ﷺ) unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished" to the (words) "Surely this is serious in the sight of Allah" (xxxiii. 53).
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وحَدَّثَنِي عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حدثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، حدثنا أَبِي ، عَنْ صَالِح ، قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : إِنَّ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : " أَنَا أَعْلَمُ النَّاسِ بِالْحِجَابِ ، لَقَدْ كَانَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ يَسْأَلُنِي عَنْهُ ، قَالَ أَنَسٌ : أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَرُوسًا بِزَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ تَزَوَّجَهَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ ، فَدَعَا النَّاسَ لِلطَّعَامِ بَعْدَ ارْتِفَاعِ النَّهَارِ ، فَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَجَلَسَ مَعَهُ رِجَالٌ بَعْدَ مَا قَامَ الْقَوْمُ ، حَتَّى قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَمَشَى فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بَابَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ ، ثُمَّ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا فَرَجَعَ وَرَجَعْتُ ، مَعَهُ فَإِذَا هُمْ جُلُوسٌ مَكَانَهُمْ ، فَرَجَعَ فَرَجَعْتُ الثَّانِيَةَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ حُجْرَةَ عَائِشَةَ ، فَرَجَعَ فَرَجَعَتْ ، فَإِذَا هُمْ قَدْ قَامُوا ، فَضَرَبَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ بِالسِّتْرِ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ آيَةَ الْحِجَابِ " .
Anas bin Malik (RA) reported: I was the best informed among the people pertaining to Hijab (veil and seclusion). Ubayy bin Ka'b used to ask me about it. Anas (RA) thus narrated: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) got up in the morning as a bridegroom of Zainab bint jahsh (Allah be pleased witt her) as he had married her at Madinah. He invited people to the wedding feast after the day had well risen. There sat Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and there kept sitting along with him some persons after the people had stood up (for departure); then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) stood up and walked on and I also walked along with him until he reached the door of the apartment of 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her). He then thought that they (those who had been sitting there after meal) had gone away. So he returned and I also returned with him, but they were still sitting at their places. So he returned for the second time and I also returned until he reached the apartment of 'A'isha. He again returned and I also returned and they had (by that time) stood up, and he hung a curtain between me and him (at the door of the apartment of Hadrat Zainab, where he had to stay), and Allah revealed the verse pertaining to veil.
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حدثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حدثنا جَعْفَرٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنِ الْجَعْدِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، قَالَ : تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَدَخَلَ بِأَهْلِهِ ، قَالَ : فَصَنَعَتْ أُمِّي أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ حَيْسًا فَجَعَلَتْهُ فِي تَوْرٍ ، فقَالَت : يَا أَنَسُ ، اذْهَبْ بِهَذَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْ : بَعَثَتْ بِهَذَا إِلَيْكَ أُمِّي وَهِيَ تُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ ، وَتَقُولُ : إِنَّ هَذَا لَكَ مِنَّا قَلِيلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : فَذَهَبْتُ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : إِنَّ أُمِّي تُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ ، وَتَقُولُ : إِنَّ هَذَا لَكَ مِنَّا قَلِيلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فقَالَ : " ضَعْهُ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " اذْهَبْ ، فَادْعُ لِي فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا وَمَنْ لَقِيتَ وَسَمَّى رِجَالًا " ، قَالَ : فَدَعَوْتُ مَنْ سَمَّى وَمَنْ لَقِيتُ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِأَنَسٍ : عَدَدَ كَمْ كَانُوا ؟ قَالَ : زُهَاءَ ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ ، وَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " يَا أَنَسُ ، هَاتِ التَّوْرَ " ، قَالَ : فَدَخَلُوا حَتَّى امْتَلَأَتِ الصُّفَّةُ وَالْحُجْرَةُ ، فقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لِيَتَحَلَّقْ عَشَرَةٌ عَشَرَةٌ ، وَلْيَأْكُلْ كُلُّ إِنْسَانٍ مِمَّا يَلِيهِ " ، قَالَ : فَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجَتْ طَائِفَةٌ وَدَخَلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ حَتَّى أَكَلُوا كُلُّهُمْ ، فقَالَ لِي : " يَا أَنَسُ ، ارْفَعْ " ، قَالَ : فَرَفَعْتُ فَمَا أَدْرِي حِينَ وَضَعْتُ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ أَمْ حِينَ رَفَعْتُ ؟ ، قَالَ : وَجَلَسَ طَوَائِفُ مِنْهُمْ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ فِي بَيْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ وَزَوْجَتُهُ مُوَلِّيَةٌ وَجْهَهَا إِلَى الْحَائِطِ ، فَثَقُلُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى نِسَائِهِ ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ رَجَعَ ، ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ ثَقُلُوا عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَابْتَدَرُوا الْبَابَ فَخَرَجُوا كُلُّهُمْ وَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى أَرْخَى السِّتْرَ ، وَدَخَلَ وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى خَرَجَ عَلَيَّ ، وَأُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَرَأَهُنَّ عَلَى النَّاسِ : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُوا وَلا مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ سورة الأحزاب آية 53 ، إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ، قَالَ الْجَعْدُ : قَالَ : أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ : أَنَا أَحْدَثُ النَّاسِ عَهْدًا بِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ ، وَحُجِبْنَ نِسَاءُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
Anas bin Malik (RA) reported: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) contracted marriage and he went to his wife. My mother Umm Sulaim prepared hais and placed it in an earthen vessel and said: Anas, take it to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and say: My mother has sent that to you and she offers greetings to you, and says that it is a humble gift for you on our behalf, Messenger of Allah. So I went along with it to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: My mother offers you salutations, and says that it is a humble gift for you on our behalf. He said: Place it here, and then said: Go and invite on my behalf so and so and anyone whom you meet, and he even named some persons. He (Anas) said: I invited whom he had named and whom I met. I (one of the narrators) said: I said to Anas (RA) : How many (persons) were there? He (Anas) said: They were about three hundred persons. Then Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) (said to me): Anas, bring that earthen vessel. They (the guests) then began to enter until the courtyard and the apartment were fully packed. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Make a circle of ten (guests), and every person should eat from that nearest to him. They began to eat, until they ate to their fill. A group went out (after eating the food), and another group came in until all of them had eaten. He (the Holy Prophet) said to me: Anas, lift it (the earthen vessel), so I lifted it, but I could not assess whether it had more (food) when I placed it (before Allah's Messenger) or when I lifted it (after the people had been served out of it). A group among them (the guests) began to talk in the house of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was sitting and his wife had been sitting with her face turned towards the wall. It was troublesome for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , so Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) went out and greeted his wives. He then returned. When they (the guests) saw that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had returned they thought that it (their overstay) was something troublesome for him. He (the narrator) said: They hastened towards the door and all of them went out. And there came Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he hung a curtain and went in, and I was sitting in his apartment and he did not stay but for a short while. He then came to me and these verses were revealed. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) came out and recited them to the people: "O you who believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet (ﷺ) unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished-but when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken food, disperse not seeking to listen to talk. Surely this gives the Prophet (ﷺ) trouble", to the end of verse (xxxiii. 53). (Al-Ja'd said that Anas [b. Malik] stated: I am the first amongst the people to hear these verses), and henceforth the wives of the Apostle (ﷺ) began to observe seclusion (al-hijab).
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وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ، حدثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، حدثنا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا تَزَوَّجَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَيْنَبَ ، أَهْدَتْ لَهُ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ حَيْسًا فِي تَوْرٍ مِنْ حِجَارَةٍ ، فقَالَ أَنَسٌ : فقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " اذْهَبْ فَادْعُ لِي مَنْ لَقِيتَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ " ، فَدَعَوْتُ لَهُ مَنْ لَقِيتُ ، فَجَعَلُوا يَدْخُلُونَ عَلَيْهِ فَيَأْكُلُونَ وَيَخْرُجُونَ ، وَوَضَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَدَهُ عَلَى الطَّعَامِ فَدَعَا فِيهِ ، وَقَالَ فِيهِ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ ، وَلَمْ أَدَعْ أَحَدًا لَقِيتُهُ إِلَّا دَعَوْتُهُ ، فَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا وَخَرَجُوا ، وَبَقِيَ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَأَطَالُوا عَلَيْهِ الْحَدِيثَ ، فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْتَحْيِي مِنْهُمْ أَنْ يَقُولَ لَهُمْ شَيْئًا ، فَخَرَجَ وَتَرَكَهُمْ فِي الْبَيْتِ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلا أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ سورة الأحزاب آية 53 ، قَالَ قَتَادَةُ : غَيْرَ مُتَحَيِّنِينَ طَعَامًا ، وَلَكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا حَتَّى بَلَغَ ذَلِكُمْ أَطْهَرُ لِقُلُوبِكُمْ وَقُلُوبِهِنَّ سورة الأحزاب آية 53 .
Anas (RA) reported: When Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) contracted marriage with Zainab (Allah be pleased with her), Umm Sulaim sent him hais in a vessel of stone as a gift. Anas stated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said to him: Go and invite on my behalf all the Muslims whom you meet. So I invited on his behalf everyone whom I met. They entered (his house) and they ate and went out. And Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had kept his hand on the food, and he invoked blessing on that, and said whatever Allah wished him to say, and none whom I met was left uninvited. They ate to their fill and went out, but a group among them remained there and was engaged in lengthy discussion. Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) felt shy of saying anything to them. So he went out and left them in his house and Allah the Great and Majestic revealed this verse: "O you who believe, enter not the houses of the Prophet (ﷺ) unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished." Qatada (instead of using the word Ghaira Nazirina) used the word Ghaira Mutahayyinina (i. e. not waiting for the time of the food). But when you are invited, enter..." up to this verse "This is purer for your hearts and their hearts."
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Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) broke the pre-Islamic custom that a freed slave could not marry a noblewoman from a high-status family, no matter how many virtues and abilities he possessed or how elevated his standard of religion and piety. To shatter this notion among the people, he arranged the marriage of his paternal cousin, Zaynab bint Jahsh (radi Allahu anha), who belonged to the Banu Asad family, with his freed slave, Zayd (radi Allahu anhu).
However, this was the first incident of social reform of its kind. Therefore, the hypocrite men and women stirred up trouble, saying that Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had joined the hand of a beautiful, intelligent, and noble woman from a respected household to his freed slave. In this way, they tried to create mistrust between Zayd (radi Allahu anhu) and Zaynab (radi Allahu anha).
Zayd (radi Allahu anhu) felt that Zaynab, due to her noble lineage, considered herself superior and above him. For this reason, she disliked being married to him and did not obey him. Zaynab (radi Allahu anha) also had a temperament marked by some pride and sharpness, which Zayd’s (radi Allahu anhu) sensitive and self-respecting nature felt even more keenly, and he decided to divorce her.
Allah, the Exalted, intended to make this decision a means to abolish another pre-Islamic custom, which the Noble Qur’an describes as follows: (So when Zayd had fulfilled his need of her (and severed his relationship, and the waiting period ended), We married her to you, so that there would be no difficulty for the believers regarding the wives of their adopted sons when they have completely severed their relationship with them. And Allah’s command was destined (inevitable).) (Al-Ahzab 37)
Thus, in accordance with Allah’s command, at the beginning or end of the 5th year of Hijrah, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) married Zaynab (radi Allahu anha).
Since this marriage took place by Allah’s command and decree, its form was not like that of a regular marriage, where Zaynab’s (radi Allahu anha) istikhara (seeking guidance) would be awaited and the consent of her guardians sought. Therefore, it is expressed as ﴿زَوَّجْنَٰكَهَا﴾ (“We married her to you”), and Zaynab (radi Allahu anha) would proudly say that the marriages of the other wives were conducted by their guardians, but my marriage was conducted by Allah, and regarding my marriage, Allah revealed a command to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), whereas no special command was revealed for the marriages of the other wives.
Therefore, it is not necessary to take this to mean that Allah Himself performed the marriage, and that there was no need for offer and acceptance (ijab wa qubul) and witnesses. Rather, the marriage of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took place according to the legal rules and regulations.
And at the wedding feast (walimah) of this marriage, the command of veiling (hijab) was revealed. It was explained that when you are invited to a meal on the occasion of a gathering, go, but do not arrive uninvited or as an uninvited guest. Do not go before the food is ready, waiting for it to be cooked. When you are called, enter at the appointed time, and when you have eaten, disperse from there; do not remain sitting and engaged in conversation.
However, this was the first incident of social reform of its kind. Therefore, the hypocrite men and women stirred up trouble, saying that Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had joined the hand of a beautiful, intelligent, and noble woman from a respected household to his freed slave. In this way, they tried to create mistrust between Zayd (radi Allahu anhu) and Zaynab (radi Allahu anha).
Zayd (radi Allahu anhu) felt that Zaynab, due to her noble lineage, considered herself superior and above him. For this reason, she disliked being married to him and did not obey him. Zaynab (radi Allahu anha) also had a temperament marked by some pride and sharpness, which Zayd’s (radi Allahu anhu) sensitive and self-respecting nature felt even more keenly, and he decided to divorce her.
Allah, the Exalted, intended to make this decision a means to abolish another pre-Islamic custom, which the Noble Qur’an describes as follows: (So when Zayd had fulfilled his need of her (and severed his relationship, and the waiting period ended), We married her to you, so that there would be no difficulty for the believers regarding the wives of their adopted sons when they have completely severed their relationship with them. And Allah’s command was destined (inevitable).) (Al-Ahzab 37)
Thus, in accordance with Allah’s command, at the beginning or end of the 5th year of Hijrah, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) married Zaynab (radi Allahu anha).
Since this marriage took place by Allah’s command and decree, its form was not like that of a regular marriage, where Zaynab’s (radi Allahu anha) istikhara (seeking guidance) would be awaited and the consent of her guardians sought. Therefore, it is expressed as ﴿زَوَّجْنَٰكَهَا﴾ (“We married her to you”), and Zaynab (radi Allahu anha) would proudly say that the marriages of the other wives were conducted by their guardians, but my marriage was conducted by Allah, and regarding my marriage, Allah revealed a command to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), whereas no special command was revealed for the marriages of the other wives.
Therefore, it is not necessary to take this to mean that Allah Himself performed the marriage, and that there was no need for offer and acceptance (ijab wa qubul) and witnesses. Rather, the marriage of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took place according to the legal rules and regulations.
And at the wedding feast (walimah) of this marriage, the command of veiling (hijab) was revealed. It was explained that when you are invited to a meal on the occasion of a gathering, go, but do not arrive uninvited or as an uninvited guest. Do not go before the food is ready, waiting for it to be cooked. When you are called, enter at the appointed time, and when you have eaten, disperse from there; do not remain sitting and engaged in conversation.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 3502
