حدثنا
حَمَّادُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيل ابْنِ عُلَيَّةَ ، حدثنا
أَبِي ، عَنْ
وُهَيْبٍ ، عَنْ
يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَ ، عَنْ
أَبِي سَعِيدٍ مَوْلَى الْمَهْرِيِّ : أَنَّهُ أَصَابَهُمْ بِالْمَدِينَةِ جَهْدٌ وَشِدَّةٌ ، وَأَنَّهُ أَتَى أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ ، فقَالَ لَهُ : إِنِّي كَثِيرُ الْعِيَالِ ، وَقَدْ أَصَابَتْنَا شِدَّةٌ ، فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَنْقُلَ عِيَالِي إِلَى بَعْضِ الرِّيفِ ، فقَالَ
أَبُو سَعِيدٍ : لَا تَفْعَلِ الْزَمِ الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَإِنَّا خَرَجْنَا مَعَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عُسْفَانَ ، فَأَقَامَ بِهَا لَيَالِيَ ، فقَالَ النَّاسُ : وَاللَّهِ مَا نَحْنُ هَا هُنَا فِي شَيْءٍ وَإِنَّ عِيَالَنَا لَخُلُوفٌ ، مَا نَأْمَنُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فقَالَ : " مَا هَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنِي مِنْ حَدِيثِكُمْ ، مَا أَدْرِي كَيْفَ ، قَالَ : " وَالَّذِي أَحْلِفُ بِهِ ، أَوْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَوْ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّتَهُمَا قَالَ لَآمُرَنَّ بِنَاقَتِي تُرْحَلُ ، ثُمَّ لَا أَحُلُّ لَهَا عُقْدَةً حَتَّى أَقْدَمَ الْمَدِينَةَ ، وَقَالَ : " اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ ، فَجَعَلَهَا حَرَمًا ، وَإِنِّي حَرَّمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ حَرَامًا مَا بَيْنَ مَأْزِمَيْهَا ، أَنْ لَا يُهْرَاقَ فِيهَا دَمٌ ، وَلَا يُحْمَلَ فِيهَا سِلَاحٌ لِقِتَالٍ ، وَلَا تُخْبَطَ فِيهَا شَجَرَةٌ إِلَّا لِعَلْفٍ ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مَدِينَتِنَا ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي صَاعَنْا ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مُدِّنَا ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي صَاعَنْا ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مُدِّنَا ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي مَدِينَتِنَا ، اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ مَعَ الْبَرَكَةِ بَرَكَتَيْنِ ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، مَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ شِعْبٌ وَلَا نَقْبٌ ، إِلَّا عَلَيْهِ مَلَكَانِ يَحْرُسَانِهَا حَتَّى تَقْدَمُوا إِلَيْهَا " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلنَّاسِ : " ارْتَحِلُوا " ، فَارْتَحَلْنَا ، فَأَقْبَلْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَوَالَّذِي نَحْلِفُ بِهِ أَوْ يُحْلَفُ بِهِ ، الشَّكُّ مِنْ : حَمَّادٍ مَا وَضَعَنْا رِحَالَنَا حِينَ دَخَلْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ حَتَّى أَغَارَ عَلَيْنَا بَنُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ غَطَفَانَ ، وَمَا يَهِيجُهُمْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ .
Abu Sa'id Maula al-Mahri reported that they were hard pressed by the distress and hardship of Madinah, and he came to Abu Sa'Id al-Khudri and said to him: I have a large family (to support) and we are enduring hardships; I have, therefore, made up my mind to take my family to some fertile land. Thereupon Abu Sa'id said: Don't do that, stick to Madinah, for we have come out with Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) , and (I think that he also said) until we reached 'Usfan, and he (the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) along with his Companions) stayed there for some nights. There the people said: By Allah, we are lying here idle, whereas our children are unprotected behind us, and we do not feel secure about them. This (apprehension of theirs) reached Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) , whereupon he said: What is this matter concerning you that has reached me? (I do not retain how he said it, whether he said like this:) By Him (in the name of Whom) I take oath, (or he said like this:) By Him in Whose Hand is my life, I made up my mind or if you like (I do not retain what word he actually said), I should command my camel to proceed and not to let it halt until it comes to Madinah and then said: Ibrahim declared Makkah as the sacred territory and it became sacred, and I declare Madinah as the sacred territory-the area between the two mountains ('Air and Uhud). Thus no blood is to be shed within its (bounds) and no weapon is to be carried for fighting, and the leaves of the trees there should not be beaten off except for fodder. O Allah, bless us in our city; O Allah, bless us in our sa; O Allah, bless us in our mudd; O Allah, bless us in our sa; O Allah, bless us in our mudd. O Allah, bless us in our city. O Allah, bless with this blessing two more blessings. By Him in Whose Hand is my life, there is no ravine or mountain path of Madinah which is not protected by two angels until you reach there. (He then said to the people:) Proceed, and we, therefore, proceeded and we came to Madinah. By Him (in Whose name) we take oath and (in Whose name) oath is taken (Hammad is in doubt about it), we had hardly put down our camel saddles on arriving at Madinah that we were attacked by the people of the tribe of 'Abdullah bin Ghatafan but none dared to do it before.
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Abu Sa'id al-Kbudri (RA) reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: O Allah, bless us in our sa' and mud and shower with its blessings two other blessings (multiply blessings showered upon it).
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A hadith like this has been narrated by Yahya bin Abu Kathir with the same chain of transmitters.
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وحدثنا
قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حدثنا
لَيْثٌ ، عَنْ
سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ
أَبِي سَعِيدٍ مَوْلَى الْمَهْرِيِّ : أَنَّهُ جَاءَ
أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ لَيَالِي الْحَرَّةِ ، فَاسْتَشَارَهُ فِي الْجَلَاءِ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ ، وَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ أَسْعَارَهَا ، وَكَثْرَةَ عِيَالِهِ ، وَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنْ لَا صَبْرَ لَهُ عَلَى جَهْدِ الْمَدِينَةِ وَلَأْوَائِهَا ، فقَالَ لَهُ : وَيْحَكَ لَا آمُرُكَ بِذَلِكَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " لَا يَصْبِرُ أَحَدٌ عَلَى لَأْوَائِهَا فَيَمُوتَ ، إِلَّا كُنْتُ لَهُ شَفِيعًا ، أَوْ شَهِيدًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِذَا كَانَ مُسْلِمًا " .
Abu Sa'id Maula al-Mahri reported that he came to Abu Sa'id al-Khudri during the nights (of the turmoil) of al-Barrah, and sought his advice about leaving Madinah, and complained of the high prices prevailing therein and his large family, and informed him that he could not stand the hardships of Madinah and its rugged surrounding. He said to him: Woe to you; I will not advise you to do it, for I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: No one will endure hardships of Madinah without my being an intercessor or a witness on his behalf on the Day of Resurrection), if he is a Muslim.
• • •
Abdul Rahman reported on the authority of his father Abu Sa'id (RA) that he heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: I have declared sacred what is between the two lava grounds of Madinah just as Ibrahim (peace be upon him) declared Makkah as sacred. He (the narrator) then said: Abu Sa'id caught hold of (Abu Bakr, another narrator, used the word "found") a bird in his hand and then released it from his hand and set it free.
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Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Rīf (pl. Aryāf):
A lush and fertile area.
(2)
Khulūf:
There is no one to protect and look after them.
(3)
Ma’zam:
A mountain pass or a mountainous area,
a ravine,
a gorge,
a pass.
(4)
Shi’ab:
A mountain path.
Benefits and Issues:
According to the prophecy of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in the absence of the noble Companions radi Allahu anhum ajma’in, the protection and surveillance of Madinah Munawwarah was being carried out by angels.
Therefore, no one dared to attack Madinah,
even though before the arrival of the Companions radi Allahu anhum ajma’in, there was no apparent obstacle or barrier present.
But as soon as they arrived, an attack on Madinah took place.
When, outwardly, those responsible for protection and care had arrived, the protection by the angels ceased, and the attack occurred.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 3336