صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الصيامThe Book of Fasting
باب النَّهْيِ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ وَيَوْمِ الأَضْحَى:Chapter: The prohibition of fasting on the two days of 'Id
Hadith 1138
وحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى ، قَالَ : قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ ، عَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمَيْنِ : يَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى ، وَيَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ " .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade to observe fast on these two days. 'Id-ul-Adha bi and 'Id-ul-Fitr.
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وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ الْمُخْتَارِ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ يَحْيَى ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمَيْنِ : يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ ، وَيَوْمِ النَّحْرِ " .
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (RA) reported that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) forbade to observe fast on two days the day of Fitr and the day of Sacrifice ('Id-ul-Adha).
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Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Mistakes in matters of ijtihad (independent juristic reasoning) are forgiven.
➋ If, on the occasion of Eid or Hajj, the new moon is not sighted and people complete thirty days of the month, and later it becomes known that the new moon was actually on the twenty-ninth, then there is no fault upon them regarding the fasts, standing at Arafat, or the sacrifice.
➌ Similarly, if several transgressors (fussaq) gather and falsely testify that the new moon was sighted on the twenty-ninth, and the Muslims, being influenced by them, break their fast or perform the standing at Arafat and the sacrifice, then there is no blame upon the general body of Muslims in this matter.
➍ It has come to our knowledge that some irreligious people, after repenting, confessed that they used to gather together and falsely claim the sighting of the new moon, even giving testimonies and oaths, and would cause Eid to be declared.
➎ May Allah protect us from this (al-‘iyadhu billah).
➏ In such a situation, if rectification is impossible, then the mistake is forgiven.
➊ Mistakes in matters of ijtihad (independent juristic reasoning) are forgiven.
➋ If, on the occasion of Eid or Hajj, the new moon is not sighted and people complete thirty days of the month, and later it becomes known that the new moon was actually on the twenty-ninth, then there is no fault upon them regarding the fasts, standing at Arafat, or the sacrifice.
➌ Similarly, if several transgressors (fussaq) gather and falsely testify that the new moon was sighted on the twenty-ninth, and the Muslims, being influenced by them, break their fast or perform the standing at Arafat and the sacrifice, then there is no blame upon the general body of Muslims in this matter.
➍ It has come to our knowledge that some irreligious people, after repenting, confessed that they used to gather together and falsely claim the sighting of the new moon, even giving testimonies and oaths, and would cause Eid to be declared.
➎ May Allah protect us from this (al-‘iyadhu billah).
➏ In such a situation, if rectification is impossible, then the mistake is forgiven.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2324
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Hadith Authentication:
[وأخرجه مسلم 1138، من حديث ما لك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ Fasting on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha deliberately (if the sighting of the moon is certain) is prohibited (haram).
➋ If someone makes a vow to fast specifically on the day of Eid, such a vow is invalid.
➌ Some scholars deduce from this hadith that it is permissible to fast every day continuously, provided that one does not fast on the prohibited days. See: [الموطأ روايتہ یحیی 300/1]
➍ It is better to avoid fasting every single day, and at most, one should observe the fast of Dawud alayhis-salam, that is, fasting one day and breaking the fast the next day; this is the most virtuous.
➎ The narrations in which there is prohibition from fasting continuously are interpreted as indicating disliked (tanzihi) status for the remaining days, excluding the prohibited days.
➏ Also see: [الموطأ ح73، البخاري 1990، ومسلم 1137]
[وأخرجه مسلم 1138، من حديث ما لك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation:
➊ Fasting on the days of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha deliberately (if the sighting of the moon is certain) is prohibited (haram).
➋ If someone makes a vow to fast specifically on the day of Eid, such a vow is invalid.
➌ Some scholars deduce from this hadith that it is permissible to fast every day continuously, provided that one does not fast on the prohibited days. See: [الموطأ روايتہ یحیی 300/1]
➍ It is better to avoid fasting every single day, and at most, one should observe the fast of Dawud alayhis-salam, that is, fasting one day and breaking the fast the next day; this is the most virtuous.
➎ The narrations in which there is prohibition from fasting continuously are interpreted as indicating disliked (tanzihi) status for the remaining days, excluding the prohibited days.
➏ Also see: [الموطأ ح73، البخاري 1990، ومسلم 1137]
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 98
