Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Aliah (may Allah have mercy on him) that when spoils of war would come to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he would divide it into five parts: four parts he would distribute among those who participated in jihad, and he would take out the fifth (khums). Then he would place his hand on it, and whatever came under his hand, he would dedicate it to the Ka'bah, which is the right of Allah Almighty. Then he would divide the remaining fifth into five parts: one part for the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), one part for close relatives, one part for orphans, one part for the needy, and one part for travelers.

Hazrat Malik bin Abdullah narrates that I was sitting with Hazrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). Hazrat Uthman said: Who among you is from the people of Syria? So I stood up. Hazrat Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Inform Hazrat Muawiyah (may Allah be pleased with him) that when war booty is obtained, divide it into five parts. On one of those parts, write: "This is for Allah." Then draw lots; whatever comes out, keep receiving it.

Hazrat Yahya bin Jazar was asked about the share of the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him), he replied: It is one fifth of the fifth.

It is also narrated in a similar manner from Hazrat Yahya bin Juzar.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abdullah bin Shaqiq Al-Uqaili that a man stood before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, tell me about the spoils of war (ghanimah)?" The Prophet ﷺ said: "One share is for Allah and four shares are for them." I asked, "Is there anyone who is more entitled than another?" The Noble Prophet ﷺ said: "Even if an arrow is shot into your side, still you are not more entitled than your brother."

Ibrahim (may Allah have mercy on him) says in the explanation of the verse of the Noble Qur’an { فَأَنَّ لِلَّہِ خُمُسَہُ } that everything is only for Allah.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ata that the share of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ in the khums is one and the same. The Prophet of Allah ﷺ would keep this khums wherever he wished, would take from it whatever he wished, and would leave whatever he wished.

Hazrat Sha'bi, regarding the verse of the Holy Qur'an { وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَیْئٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّہِ خُمُسَہُ }, states that the share of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ in the khums is the same.

Hazrat Hasan bin Muhammad bin Ali (may Allah be pleased with him, may Allah have mercy on him) says in the commentary of the verse of the Holy Qur'an that this is the beginning of the discourse; there is no share for Allah in the spoils of war, the entire world and the Hereafter belong solely to Allah.

Hazrat Muhammad says regarding the spoils of war that one-fifth (khums) of the spoils is for Allah, and a share is for the Prophet of Allah, and in the spoils of war, there is "safiy" for the Prophet of Allah ﷺ. (Safiy is that special portion which the Prophet of Allah ﷺ would set aside for himself before the distribution of the spoils.) Hazrat Ibn Sirin (may Allah have mercy on him) says that the best captive was set aside for the Prophet of Allah from the spoils, then the khums was taken out, then from the people's share, whether present or absent, a share was taken out. Hazrat Ibn Sirin says that on the day of Khaybar, the Prophet of Allah ﷺ set aside Hazrat Safiyyah bint Huyayy as safiy. And Hazrat Sha'bi says that on the day of Khaybar, the Prophet ﷺ set aside Hazrat Safiyyah bint Huyayy and then married her.

It is narrated from Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, in almost the same manner. In the narration of Hazrat Ash'ath, there is this addition that on the day of the Battle of Badr, the Holy Prophet set aside the sword Zulfiqar as spoils of war.

It is narrated from Hazrat Abu al-Zinad that on the day of the Battle of Badr, the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) selected the sword of ‘As bin Munabbih bin al-Hajjaj as spoils (safiy).

Hazrat Sha'bi was asked about the share of booty and the "safiy" of the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him). Hazrat Sha'bi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Just as an ordinary Muslim had a share in the booty, so did the Noble Prophet (peace be upon him) have a share, and in any case, "safiy" refers to that portion which Allah's Prophet would separate for himself from the Muslims' booty, whether it was a slave-girl, a horse, or anything else.

Hazrat Hasan bin Salih says that I asked Hazrat Ata bin As-Saib regarding Allah’s command { وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَیْئٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّہِ خُمُسَہُ } and the other verse { مَا أَفَائَ اللَّہُ عَلَی رَسُولِہِ } as to what is meant by fai’ and ghanimah? Hazrat Ata replied: When Muslims overpower the polytheists and their lands through force of battle, then the wealth that comes into their hands at that time is ghanimah, and their land is fai’, and this is our wealth and property of fai’.

Hazrat Sufyan, regarding the spoils of war, states that the wealth which Muslims acquire by force in jihad belongs to those whom Allah has specifically designated, and four-fifths are for the warriors.

Hazrat Ibn Aun says that I read about al-Safi in a book, then I asked Hazrat Muhammad (may Allah have mercy on him) about al-Safi. Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ said: That which is set aside for the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) before anything else is meant, then later a portion is also taken out with the people.

Hazrat Mujahid, in the commentary of the verse { وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَیْئٍ } of the Holy Quran, states that even a small needle is included in "min shay’".