Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Urwah narrates that Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) used to deliver sermons to the people while holding a basket made of leaves in his hand. When he finished, he would give it to someone sitting nearby so that he could sell it.

It is narrated from Mujahid that he said: When Prophet Dawud (peace be upon him) made a mistake, and his mistake was that when he saw that woman, he turned her away and did not go near her. Then two disputants came to him and they climbed over the wall. When he saw them, he stood up and went to them and said: "Go away from me, for what purpose have you come here?" They said: "We want to speak to you about a small matter. This brother of mine has ninety-nine ewes and I have one ewe, and he wants to take even that one from me." Prophet Dawud (peace be upon him) said: "By Allah! He deserves that his body from here to here be broken," meaning from the nose to the chest. That man said: "Dawud has done this deed." Then Prophet Dawud (peace be upon him) realized what he meant by this, and he became aware of his sin. So he remained in prostration for forty days and nights, and his sin would remain written on his hand so that he would not forget it at any time, until, because of his tears, wild green plants grew around him. Then after forty days he cried out: "My forehead is wounded, and my eye has dried up," and there was no mention of Dawud's mistake. Then it was proclaimed: "Is there anyone hungry so that he may be fed? Or anyone naked so that he may be clothed? Or any oppressed so that he may be helped?" So he wept so much that the grass near him turned yellow. At that time Allah forgave him. When the Day of Resurrection comes, Allah the Exalted will say: "Come before Me." He will say: "My sin!" Allah will say: "Follow Me." He will say: "O Lord! My sin." Allah will say to him: "Hold onto My feet." So he will hold onto Allah's feet.

Hazrat Thabit Banani narrates that we have received the information that Allah’s Prophet Dawood (peace be upon him) distributed the prayer among the women of his household and his children, so that there was no hour of the day or night in which someone from the family of Dawood was not engaged in prayer. Thus, regarding them, this verse was revealed { اعْمَلُوا آلَ دَاوُد شُکْرًا وَقَلِیلٌ مِنْ عِبَادِی الشَّکُورُ }.

Hasan narrates that Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) said: Even if every hair of mine were granted two tongues and they continuously glorified You day and night, still I would not be able to fulfill the due of even one of Your blessings.

Hazrat Abu Al-Ahwas narrates that two disputants came to Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him), and each of them was holding the other’s head.

It is narrated from Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair that he said: The trial of Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) was the casting of his gaze.

Ata bin Saib narrates from Hazrat Abdullah Bajli that he said: Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) did not raise his face towards the sky until his death.

Hazrat Ahnaf bin Qais narrates from the Prophet ﷺ that Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) said: "O Lord! The Children of Israel pray to You by the means of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. O Allah! Make me the fourth among them." So Allah Almighty revealed to him: "Abraham was thrown into the fire for My sake and he was patient, and such a trial has not come upon you. Isaac sacrificed his life for Me and was patient, and this trial also did not come upon you. And I took away Jacob's beloved until his eyes turned white, and he too was patient, and this trial also did not come upon you."

Khalifa Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: He said that it occurred in the heart of Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) that if he were to be put to trial, he would remain safe. It was said to him: "You will soon be put to trial, and you will come to know the day on which you will be tested, so be cautious." Thus, it was said to him: "Today you will be tested." So he took the Zabur and held it under his arm, closed the door of the prayer chamber, placed a servant at the door, and said: "Do not let anyone come in today." (2) While he was reciting the Zabur, a beautiful bird with various colors came and started approaching him, and came near, and he was able to catch it. When he intended to take it in his hand, it jumped and went behind him. So he closed the Zabur and got up to catch it, but it flew and sat on the skylight of the prayer chamber. When he approached it, it entered a nest. He peeped in to see where it had gone, and suddenly his gaze fell upon a woman who was bathing for menstruation by her pool. When she saw his shadow, she moved her head and covered her body with her hair. Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) said to the servant: "Go and tell such-and-such woman to come to me." The servant went and told the woman: "The Prophet of Allah is calling you." She replied: "What do I have to do with the Prophet of Allah? If he needs anything, let him come to me; I do not go to him." The servant returned and informed him of her words. He went to her, but she closed the door and said: "O Dawood (peace be upon him), what has happened to you? Do you not know that whoever does such a thing, you stone him?" And she advised him, so he returned. (3) And that woman's husband was a warrior in the path of Allah. So Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) ordered the commander of jihad to include Uriah in the "Hamalat al-Tabut," and "Hamalat al-Tabut" was the army that either achieved victory or were killed. So he included him in the "Hamalat al-Tabut" and sent him forward, and he was killed. When the woman's waiting period ended, he sent her a proposal. She set a condition that if she bore a son, he would make him his successor after him, and fifty people from Bani Israel were made witnesses to this, and a document was written for it. Thus, he did not even realize his trial, until she gave birth to Hazrat Sulaiman (peace be upon him) and he grew up. Then two angels came to him, leaping over the prayer chamber, and their story is mentioned by Allah in the Qur'an, and Dawood (peace be upon him) fell into prostration. So Allah forgave him and accepted his repentance. (4) Thus, he divorced her and distanced Sulaiman (peace be upon him). During this time, once he was passing through a field and came upon his sons, who were saying: "O Ladin! O Ladin!" Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) stopped and asked: "Why has he been named 'Ladin'?" Sulaiman (peace be upon him), who was in a corner, said: "If he asks me, I will tell him." It was said to Dawood (peace be upon him) that Sulaiman is saying this. He called him and asked: "Why has this boy been named 'Ladin'?" He said: "I will tell you about it." Hazrat Sulaiman asked him about his father's story, and he was told that his father had gone on a journey with his companions, and he was very wealthy. People intended to kill him, so he advised them: 'I have left my wife pregnant; if she gives birth to a boy, tell her to name him "Ladin".' So Hazrat Sulaiman called his companions, and they came. He secluded himself with one of them and kept talking until he confessed, and did the same with the others until all confessed. So he sent them to Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him), and he had them killed. After that, he became somewhat kind to them. (5) And among Bani Israel there was a devout woman who had adopted asceticism. She had two beautiful slave girls, and that woman had no relations with men. So one of the slave girls said to the other: "This hardship has become prolonged for us; she does not desire men, and as long as we stay with her, we will remain in a bad state. Would it not be better if we disgrace her, she is stoned, and we reach men?" So they took the liquid of an egg and came to her...

Abdullah bin Harith narrates from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that he said: Allah Almighty revealed to Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) to tell the oppressors not to remember Me, because the right of the one who remembers Me is that I remember him, and for the oppressors, My remembrance is that I curse them.

Saeed bin Jubair narrates from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that he said: Hazrat Dawood (peace be upon him) suddenly passed away on a Saturday, and he used to worship on Saturdays, so the birds shaded him.

Saeed bin Jubair also narrates from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) that the meaning of { یَا جِبَالُ أَوِّبِی مَعَہُ } is: O mountains! Glorify (Allah).

Abu Husain narrates from Hazrat Abu Abdur Rahman that { یَا جِبَالُ أَوِّبِی مَعَہُ } means: O mountains! Glorify (Allah).

Mujahid says that he wept so much over his mistake that the grass around him turned yellow from his tears.

Abu Maisarah says that the meaning of { أَوِّبِی } is to recite tasbih (glorify Allah).