Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Abu Zubyan narrates that Hazrat Usama said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent us with an army. We reached the gardens of the tribe of Juhaina in the morning, and I encountered a man who said: "There is no god but Allah." But I struck him with a spear. After that, I felt uneasy about this in my heart. I mentioned this to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "He said 'There is no god but Allah,' and yet you killed him?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him! He only said this out of fear of the weapon!" He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Why did you not cut open his heart so you would know whether he said it out of fear or not?" He (Usama) says: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, kept repeating this to me until I wished that I had only accepted Islam that very day.

Hazrat Abu Zubyan narrates that Hazrat Usama said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent us in an army. Then the narrator mentioned the previous subject.

Hazrat Abu Huraira narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they say "La ilaha illallah" (There is no god but Allah). So when they say this statement, they have protected their blood and their wealth from me, except for its due right, and their reckoning is with Allah.

Hazrat Tariq bin Ashyam Ashja'i narrates that I heard the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whoever affirms the oneness of Allah and rejects all false things that are worshipped besides Him, then surely his blood becomes sacred and his reckoning is with Allah.

Hazrat Jabir narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they recite the statement "There is no god but Allah." So when they recite this statement, they have protected their lives and their wealth from me, except for a right due from them, and their reckoning is with Allah. Then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, recited these verses: So (O Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him) keep on admonishing; you are only an admonisher, you are not a compeller over them.

Hazrat Aws narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they recite the declaration "There is no god but Allah."

Hazrat Jarir narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they recite the declaration "There is no god but Allah."

Hazrat Abu Huraira narrates that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: I have been commanded to fight the people until they recite the declaration "There is no god but Allah." So when they recite this declaration, their lives and their wealth become forbidden for me, except by right, and their reckoning is with Allah.

Hazrat Saeed bin Jubair narrates that Hazrat Miqdad bin Aswad went out with an army, and they passed by a man who was with his flock. The people wanted to kill him, but he recited the Kalimah "La ilaha illallah." Upon this, Hazrat Miqdad said: "He wishes that if he could flee with his family and his wealth, it would be good." The narrator says: When these people returned, they mentioned this incident before the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and upon this, the following verse was revealed: "O you who believe! When you go forth (for jihad) in the way of Allah, investigate thoroughly, and do not say to the one who offers you peace, 'You are not a believer,' seeking the goods of worldly life. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: It refers to the flock of goats. Translation: 'With Allah are abundant spoils.' Thus were you before." He said: "You used to conceal your faith from the polytheists." Translation: "Then Allah bestowed His favor upon you," meaning He gave Islam dominance. Translation: "Therefore, investigate thoroughly." He said: "This is a warning from Allah." Translation: "Surely Allah is fully aware of whatever you do."

Hazrat Ikrimah narrates that Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: A man from the tribe of Banu Sulaim passed by the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) while he had sheep and goats with him, so he greeted them with salam. They said: He has not greeted you except to protect himself from you, so they intended (harm) towards him and killed him and took his sheep and goats. And they brought them to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). Upon this, Allah the Lord of Honor revealed this verse: "O you who believe! When you go forth (for jihad) in the way of Allah, investigate thoroughly, and do not say to the one who greets you with peace, 'You are not a believer,' seeking the goods of worldly life; for with Allah are abundant spoils." (__QUR_N__, etc.)

This statement of Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them) is also narrated from Hazrat Ikrimah with this chain of transmission. However, he did not mention that those people took the herd to the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

Hazrat Ubaidullah bin Adi bin Khiyar narrates that Hazrat Miqdad asked: O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him! What is your opinion if I meet a man from the disbelievers, and he fights me and cuts off one of my hands with a sword strike? Then that person seeks refuge from me behind a tree and says, "I have accepted Islam for the sake of Allah." O Messenger of Allah! After he recites this statement, should I kill him? The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do not kill him. I said: O Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him! He cut off my hand, and after cutting it, he recited this statement—should I then kill him? He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: Do not kill him, and if you kill him, then surely you will be in the position he was in before you killed him, and he will be in the position you were in before he recited the statement that he has now recited.

Hazrat Humaid bin Hilal narrates that Hazrat Abu Al-Aaliyah came to me and one of my companions and said: Come, indeed both of you are younger than me and better at preserving hadith than I am. So we went until we presented ourselves before Hazrat Bishr bin Asim Laithi. Hazrat Abu Al-Aaliyah said: Relate your hadith to these two. He said that Hazrat Uqbah bin Malik Laithi narrated to us that the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) sent out an army which attacked a tribe. A man from that tribe started to run, so a man from the army chased him with a drawn sword. The man who was running from the tribe said: Indeed, I am a Muslim. The man from the army did not pay attention to his words and struck him, killing him. Then this matter was conveyed to the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who was delivering a sermon at the time. The killer said: O Prophet of Allah! By Allah, whatever he said, he only said it to save himself from being killed. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from him and from those who were with him, and he did this twice; each time, the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned his face away from him. The man could not bear it, so he repeated the same thing a third time. Then the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned his face towards him, and anger was apparent on his face. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Indeed, Allah has refused me regarding the one who kills a believer. The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said this three times.

Hazrat Zuhri narrates that Hazrat Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Utbah said: When those people who had turned apostate during the time of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq became apostates, Hazrat Abu Bakr intended to fight them. Upon this, Hazrat Umar said: Will you fight them even though you heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Whoever testifies that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is the Messenger of Allah, then his wealth is forbidden except by right, and their reckoning is with Allah? Hazrat Abu Bakr said: Indeed, I will fight the one who differentiates between prayer and zakat. By Allah! I will surely fight the one who differentiates between the two, until I unite them both. Hazrat Umar says: So we fought with them and they were upon guidance, and when they were successful with the help of those who strove with them, he said: You people choose two things from me: either a dreadful war or a humiliating peace plan. They said: We have recognized this dreadful war, so what is this humiliating plan? He said: You bear witness for our slain that indeed they are in Paradise, and bear witness for your slain that indeed they are in Hellfire. So they did so.

Hazrat Jarir narrates that the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent me towards Yemen so that I may fight them and invite them to the religion. Thus, when they recited the Kalimah "La ilaha illallah," then their wealth and their lives became forbidden upon you.