Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah

Hazrat Abu Uthman Yashkari narrates that Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) came to us when we had already performed the Fajr prayer. There were some people with him. He ordered a man to give the adhan, then he performed two rak'ahs before Fajr. Then he ordered a man to say the iqamah and himself stepped forward and led the prayer.

It is narrated similarly through another chain of transmission.

Hazrat Abu Hurrah narrates that I and Hazrat Abdullah bin Humaid entered the mosque where the prayer had already been performed. He said to me, "Come, let us establish a congregation." I said, "Some people consider this disliked." He replied, "My father did not see any harm in this."

Hazrat Abu Saeed Khudri narrates that once the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had led the people in prayer, when a man arrived. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, "Who will trade reward with him?" At this, a man stood up and prayed in congregation with the one who had arrived.

Hazrat Abu Usman narrates that after the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had finished the prayer, a man came, so the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Who among you will give charity to this person and pray with him?

Hazrat Abdullah bin Yazid narrates that I entered the mosque of Muharib with Ibrahim, the people had already performed the prayer, so he made me lead the prayer.

Hazrat Ziyad Mawla Quraysh says that I entered the mosque of Basra with Hasan; the people had already performed the prayer, so they made me lead the prayer.

Hasan did not see any harm in holding a second congregation in the mosque of al-Kala in Basra after one congregation had already been held.

Hasan says that the predecessors considered the second congregation to be disliked due to fear of the ruler.

Hazrat Fudayl bin Amr narrates that Hazrat Adi bin Thabit and some of his companions, upon returning from a funeral, led a congregational prayer in a mosque where the congregation had already been held. Ibrahim disliked this action.

Hazrat Hayy narrates that Hazrat Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) came to us at the time of Fajr prayer; we had already performed the prayer, but he established the congregation and, standing among the people, led them in prayer.

Hazrat Amr bin Muhammad states that Hazrat Ata and Hazrat Salm bin Atiyyah performed prayer in congregation after the congregational prayer in Masjid al-Haram.

Hazrat Qatadah says that those who perform the second congregation will all stand in one row and their imam will be among them.

Hazrat Salamah bin Kuhail narrates that Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) entered the mosque when the people had already performed the prayer. He then led Alqamah, Masruq, and Aswad in prayer.