مصنف ابن ابي شيبه
Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah
كتاب المغازيBook of Battles
غزوة بدر الكبرى (وما) كانت، وأمرهاThe Major Battle of Badr and Its Events
Hadith 39446
٣٩٤٤٦ - حدثنا قراد أبو نوح قال: حدثنا عكرمة بن عمار العجلي قال: حدثنا سماك الحنفي أبو زميل قال: حدثنا ابن عباس قال: حدثني عمر بن الخطاب قال: لما كان يوم بدر نظر رسول اللَّه ﷺ إلى أصحابه وهم ثلاثمائة ونيف، ونظر إلى المشركين فإذا هم ألف وزيادة، فاستقبل النبي ﷺ القبلة ثم مد يديه وعليه رداؤه وإزاره، ثم قال: "اللهم (أين) (١) ما وعدتني، اللهم إن تهلك هذه العصابة من أهل الإسلام لا تعبد في الأرض أبدا". قال: فما زال يستغيث ربه ويدعوه حتى سقط رداؤه فأتاه أبو بكر قال: فأخذ رداءه فرداه ثم التزمه من ورائه ثم قال: يا نبي اللَّه كفاك مُناشدتُك ربَّك، فإنه سينجز لك ما وعدك، فأنزل اللَّه: ﴿إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ﴾ [الأنفال: ٩]. فلما كان يومئذ والتقوا، هزم اللَّه المشركين فقتل منهم سبعون رجلا، (وأسر منهم سبعون رجلا) (٢)، فاستشار رسول اللَّه ﷺ أبا بكر وعمر وعليا، فقال أبو بكر: يا نبي اللَّه، هؤلاء بنو العم والعشيرة والإخوان، فإني أرى أن تأخذ منهم الفدية، فيكون ما أخذنا منهم قوة على الكفار، وعسى اللَّه أن يهديهم فيكونوا لنا عضدا، ⦗٤٤١⦘ فقال رسول اللَّه ﷺ: "ما ترى يا ابن الخطاب؟ " قلت: واللَّه ما أرى الذي رأى أبو بكر، ولكن أرى أن تمكنني من فلان -قريبا لعمر- فأضرب عنقه، وتمكن عليا من عقيل فيضرب عنقه، وتمكن حمزة من أخيه فلان فيضرب عنقه، حتى يعلم اللَّه أنه ليس في قلوبنا هوادةٌ للمشركين، هؤلاء صناديدهم وأئمتهم وقادتهم، فهوى نبي اللَّه ﷺ ما قال أبو بكر، ولم يهو ما قلت فأخذ منهم الفداء. فلما كان من الغد قال عمر: غدوت إلى النبي ﷺ فإذا هو (قاعد) (٣) وأبو بكر يبكيان، قال: قلت: (يا رسول) (٤) اللَّه (٥) أخبرني ماذا يبكيك أنت وصاحبك؟ فإن وجدت بكاء بكيت، وإن لم أجد بكاء تباكيت لبكائكما، فقال النبي ﷺ: "الذي عرض على أصحابكم من الفداء، لقد عرض عليّ عذابكم أدنى من هذه الشجرة" -لشجرة قريبة وأنزل اللَّه: ﴿مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْيَا. .﴾ إلى قوله: ﴿لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ (من الفداء) (٦) (عَذَابٌ) (٧) عَظِيمٌ﴾ [الأنفال: ٦٨، ٦٨]، ثم أحل لهم الغنائم، فلما كان يوم أحد من العام المقبل (عرفوا) (٨) بما صنعوا يوم بدر من أخذهم الفداء فقتل منهم سبعون، وفر أصحاب النبي ﷺ (٩) (عن النبي ﷺ) (١٠) وكسرت رباعيته وهشمت البيضة على رأسه وسأل الدم على وجهه وأنزل اللَّه: ﴿أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ﴾ [آل عمران: ١٦٥] ⦗٤٤٢⦘ بأخذكم الفداء (١١).
Narrated from Hazrat Umar bin Khattab, he states: When the day of Badr came, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) looked towards his companions. They were a little more than three hundred, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) looked at the polytheists, and they were a little more than one thousand. So, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) turned his blessed face towards the Qiblah, then he (peace and blessings be upon him) stretched out both his hands. And at that time, he (peace and blessings be upon him) was wearing his cloak and waist-wrapper. He (peace and blessings be upon him) supplicated: O Allah! Where is what You promised me? O Allah! If this group of Muslims is destroyed, then You will never be worshipped on this earth again. The narrator says: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to seek help from his Lord and kept praying to Allah until his blessed cloak fell off. Then Hazrat Abu Bakr came to him. The narrator says: Hazrat Abu Bakr took hold of his cloak and put it back on him (peace and blessings be upon him). Then Hazrat Abu Bakr stood behind him and said: O Messenger of Allah! What you have asked from your Lord is sufficient for you. Your Lord will soon fulfill the promise He made to you. So Allah revealed this verse {إِذْ تَسْتَغِیثُونَ رَبَّکُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَکُمْ أَنِّی مُمِدُّکُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِکَۃِ مُرْدِفِینَ }.
2. Then when this day (of Badr) came and the two sides confronted each other, Allah defeated the polytheists. Seventy of them were killed and seventy were taken captive. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted Hazrat Abu Bakr, Hazrat Umar, and Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with them). Hazrat Abu Bakr said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! These (captives) are our cousins, our people, and our brothers. My opinion is that you take ransom from them. What we take from them as ransom will be a strength against the disbelievers, and perhaps Allah will guide them, so they will become our helpers.
3. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O son of Khattab! What is your opinion? I said: By Allah! My opinion is not the same as Abu Bakr’s. But my opinion is that you hand over so-and-so, a relative of Umar, to me so that I may strike his neck. And hand over Aqeel to Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) so that he may strike his neck, so that Allah may know that there is no compassion in our hearts for the polytheists. These people are the chiefs, leaders, and guides of the polytheists.
4. What Hazrat Abu Bakr had presented pleased the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but what I had said did not please him. And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took ransom from the polytheists.
5. Then the next day, Hazrat Umar says: I presented myself to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the morning, and he and Hazrat Abu Bakr were both sitting and weeping. He says: I asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Tell me, what is making you and your companion weep? If I know the reason for weeping, I will also weep, otherwise, I will weep just because you both are weeping. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The opinion your companions presented to me regarding ransom—verily, the punishment was brought before me closer than this tree (he pointed to a nearby tree). And Allah revealed these verses: from { مَا کَانَ لِنَبِیٍّ أَنْ یَکُونَ لَہُ أَسْرَی حَتَّی یُثْخِنَ فِی الأَرْضِ ، تُرِیدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْیَا } to { لَوْلاَ کِتَابٌ مِنَ اللہِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّکُمْ فِیمَا أَخَذْتُمْ }, that is, ransom { عَذَابٌ عَظِیمٌ}. Then the spoils of war were made lawful for the companions.
6. Then when the next year, the day of Uhud came, the companions were recompensed for the ransom they had taken on the day of Badr. Thus, seventy companions were martyred, and the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fled, and the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was broken, and the helmet on his blessed head was broken, and blood flowed on his blessed face.
2. Then when this day (of Badr) came and the two sides confronted each other, Allah defeated the polytheists. Seventy of them were killed and seventy were taken captive. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted Hazrat Abu Bakr, Hazrat Umar, and Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with them). Hazrat Abu Bakr said: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! These (captives) are our cousins, our people, and our brothers. My opinion is that you take ransom from them. What we take from them as ransom will be a strength against the disbelievers, and perhaps Allah will guide them, so they will become our helpers.
3. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: O son of Khattab! What is your opinion? I said: By Allah! My opinion is not the same as Abu Bakr’s. But my opinion is that you hand over so-and-so, a relative of Umar, to me so that I may strike his neck. And hand over Aqeel to Hazrat Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) so that he may strike his neck, so that Allah may know that there is no compassion in our hearts for the polytheists. These people are the chiefs, leaders, and guides of the polytheists.
4. What Hazrat Abu Bakr had presented pleased the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), but what I had said did not please him. And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took ransom from the polytheists.
5. Then the next day, Hazrat Umar says: I presented myself to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the morning, and he and Hazrat Abu Bakr were both sitting and weeping. He says: I asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)! Tell me, what is making you and your companion weep? If I know the reason for weeping, I will also weep, otherwise, I will weep just because you both are weeping. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The opinion your companions presented to me regarding ransom—verily, the punishment was brought before me closer than this tree (he pointed to a nearby tree). And Allah revealed these verses: from { مَا کَانَ لِنَبِیٍّ أَنْ یَکُونَ لَہُ أَسْرَی حَتَّی یُثْخِنَ فِی الأَرْضِ ، تُرِیدُونَ عَرَضَ الدُّنْیَا } to { لَوْلاَ کِتَابٌ مِنَ اللہِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّکُمْ فِیمَا أَخَذْتُمْ }, that is, ransom { عَذَابٌ عَظِیمٌ}. Then the spoils of war were made lawful for the companions.
6. Then when the next year, the day of Uhud came, the companions were recompensed for the ransom they had taken on the day of Badr. Thus, seventy companions were martyred, and the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fled, and the front tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was broken, and the helmet on his blessed head was broken, and blood flowed on his blessed face.
