Mu'jam al-Saghir

Hadith Commentary:
Mann was a natural food that was provided to the Children of Israel, which is mentioned in the Noble Qur’an ().
Mushroom is called mann because it is also obtained without any effort.
There are several types of it.
Nowadays, it is also cultivated intentionally and is used as food.
The water of the mushroom is very beneficial for eye ailments; however, physicians differ on whether it should be used mixed with another medicine, such as mixing the water of the mushroom with antimony (ithmid) kohl and kneading it, then grinding it and applying it to the eye, or whether its water should be extracted and used alone, as Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu says: I took three or five or seven mushrooms, then squeezed out their water and preserved it in a bottle. My slave-girl suffered from an eye ailment; she used it and was cured.
(Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Book of Medicine, Hadith: 2069)

Hadith Commentary:
➊
In this hadith, the mushroom (khumbi) is described as a type of "manna" because it grows by itself; there is no need to exert any effort such as sowing seeds, fertilizing, or watering it, just as the Children of Israel received manna and quails without any toil or hardship.
This mushroom generally grows in the winter season.
Its water is a cure for every disease of the eye.
➋
Some scholars are of the opinion that if it is used in combination with other medicines, it is beneficial; using only its water may harm the eye. However, our experience is that if the eye is afflicted due to heat or cold, using only its water brings relief.
We have mentioned our observations regarding this in the benefits of Hadith: 4478, and some points will be mentioned in the Book of Medicine (Kitab al-Tibb).
By the permission of Allah, the Exalted.

Relevance Between the Chapter and the Hadith
Sahih Bukhari Hadith Number: 4478, Chapter: «بَابُ وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: {وَظَلَّلْنَا عَلَيْكُمُ الْغَمَامَ وَأَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَى كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَكِنْ كَانُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُونَ} :»
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned in the chapter heading those things which Allah, the Exalted, sent down for the Children of Israel. However, among the things mentioned under the chapter, one is «من» and the other is «الكماة». Therefore, objecting to the chapter heading, Allamah Khattabi rahimahullah says:
SA «لا وجه لادخال هذا الحديث هنا، قال : لأنه ليس المراد فى الحديث أنها نوع من المن لمنزل على بني اسرائيل فان ذاك شيئي كان يسقط عليهم كالتر نجبيل» [فتح الباري لابن حجر : 140/8]
“That is, this narration does not correspond to the chapter heading, because in the chapter heading, mention is made of that «من» which Allah, the Exalted, sent down from the sky for the Children of Israel, whereas the «الكماة»—the canopy of the snake—came down to the earth.”
EA Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah, after quoting the objection of Imam Khattabi rahimahullah, has clearly stated that there is indeed a relevance between the chapter heading and the hadith. In reality, Allamah Khattabi rahimahullah did not come across the hadith in Sahih Muslim to which Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has alluded. The explicit wording in the hadith corresponds to the chapter heading. Imam Muslim rahimahullah, in Sahih Muslim, Book of Drinks, mentions the hadith that:
«الكماة من المن الذى انزل الله تبارك وتعالٰي علٰي بني اسرائيل وماؤها شفاء للعين.» [صحيح مسلم : 5347]
This hadith of Sahih Muslim clarifies that just as «من» was sent down from the sky by Allah, the Exalted, for the Children of Israel, so too is «الكماة» included in that. Therefore, had Imam Khattabi rahimahullah seen this hadith, he would not have raised this objection. Thus, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has alluded to the hadith of Sahih Muslim in which «الكماة» is also considered as having been sent down like «من». And if one reflects further, the relevance between the chapter heading and the hadith is also found in the word «من المن», as the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam described «الكماة» as «من», meaning just as «من» was easily available for the Children of Israel, in the same way, «الكماة» was also easily available along with it. Therefore, the relevance between the chapter and the hadith is also established from this point. The author of Manar al-Qari, Shaykh Hamzah Muhammad Qasim, while reconciling the chapter heading, writes:
«دل الحديث على أن الكماة من النعم التى انعم الله بها على هذه الأمة...... والمطابقة فى قوله ”من المن“.» [منار القاري شرح مختصر صحيح البخاري : 33/5]
The hadith indicates that «الكماة» is also among the blessings of Allah, just as Allah, the Exalted, bestowed favor upon this ummah... And the correspondence between the chapter heading and the hadith is in the word «من المن».
That is, the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam included the snake with the canopy in «الكماة» as «من», so here too, the correspondence between the chapter heading and the hadith is established.

Hadith Commentary:
It is a well-known wild herb that is also eaten; its juice is an excellent remedy for eye diseases.
The hadith mentions "manna" (man); this is the point of correspondence between the hadith and the chapter.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
Allamah Khattabi rahimahullah says:
This hadith is not appropriate for the mentioned chapter heading; therefore, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah should not have mentioned it here, because there is no clarification in the hadith that the mushroom is a type of manna that was sent down upon Bani Isra'il.
()
But this objection is not valid, because in some narrations it is clarified:
The mushroom is a type of manna that was sent down upon Bani Isra'il.
(Sahih Muslim, Al-Ashribah, Hadith: 5345 (2049))

➋
Imam Nawawi rahimahullah states that the pure water of the mushroom is beneficial for all diseases of the eyes; if it is used mixed with kohl (surma), its benefit is doubled.
Shaykh al-Kamal ibn Abdullah al-Dimashqi, whose eyesight had been lost, when he used the water of the mushroom as kohl, his eyesight was restored.
(Sharh Sahih Muslim al-Nawawi, Al-Ashribah, Chapter: The Virtue of the Truffle (Kama’ah) and Treating the Eye with It)
This property is due to the fact that there is not the slightest doubt regarding its permissibility (halal status).
From this, it is also understood that the use of pure halal things is very beneficial for eyesight, and the use of haram things is extremely harmful for vision.
(Fath al-Bari: 8/164)

➌
It should be remembered that the mushroom is a naturally growing herb that sprouts from the earth during the rainy season. It has been likened to manna because, just as manna was obtained without effort, similarly, the mushroom is also obtained without labor. Furthermore, the manna that was sent down upon Bani Isra'il is the original source; from this very substance, the mushroom now grows from the earth, which is very delicious and extremely beneficial.

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues:

➊ According to the Hanbalis, the Eid prayers are a communal obligation (fard kifayah). According to the Malikis and Shafi'is, it is an emphasized Sunnah (sunnah mu’akkadah), and according to the Hanafis, it is obligatory (wajib). However, like the Friday prayer, it is obligatory upon the residents of the city, not upon the villagers.

➋ There is neither adhan (call to prayer) nor iqamah (second call) for the Eid prayers. In the Eid prayer, before the recitation in the first rak‘ah, according to the Malikis and Hanbalis, there are seven takbirs including the opening takbir (takbir al-tahrimah), and according to the Shafi‘is, there are seven takbirs excluding the opening takbir. In the second rak‘ah, according to the three Imams, there are five takbirs before the recitation while standing. According to the Hanafis, after the opening takbir in the first rak‘ah, there are three takbirs before the recitation, and in the second rak‘ah, after the recitation, there are three takbirs, and the fourth takbir is for bowing (ruku‘). The preferred opinion is that in the first rak‘ah, seven takbirs should be said in addition to the opening takbir.

➌ The sermon (khutbah) of Eid is, contrary to Jumu‘ah, after the prayer. In it, admonition, advice, and reminders are given according to the occasion and context. If the voice does not reach the women, because they participate in Eid slightly behind and separate from the men, then after the men, the women should be given special admonition and advice according to their circumstances and conditions, and they should be especially encouraged to give charity. They are permitted to give charity from their jewelry without the permission of their husbands. Nowadays, due to loudspeakers, there is no need for a separate admonition.

➍ For Eid, there is no need for adhan, iqamah, or any announcement, etc. Muslims themselves must make arrangements and participate in this festival and joyous celebration on their own.