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مشكوة المصابيح
Mishkat al-Masabih
كتاب الإيمانThe Book of Faith
(لِلإِنْسَانِ تَوْفِيقٌ لِمَا خُلِقَ لَهُ)(A person is granted success for what they were created for)
Hadith 96
اُردوEn
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ: خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَفِي يَده كِتَابَانِ فَقَالَ: «أَتَدْرُونَ مَا هَذَانِ الكتابان فَقُلْنَا لَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَنْ تُخْبِرَنَا فَقَالَ لِلَّذِي فِي يَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فِيهِ أَسْمَاءُ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَسْمَاء آبَائِهِم وقبائلهم ثمَّ أجمل على آخِرهم فَلَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلَّذِي فِي شِمَالِهِ هَذَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ فِيهِ أَسْمَاءُ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَأَسْمَاء آبَائِهِم وقبائلهم ثمَّ أجمل على آخِرهم فَلَا يُزَادُ فِيهِمْ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْهُمْ أَبَدًا فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كَانَ أَمْرٌ قَدْ فُرِغَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ سَدِّدُوا وَقَارِبُوا فَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْجَنَّةِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ وَإِنَّ صَاحِبَ النَّارِ يُخْتَمُ لَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَإِنْ عَمِلَ أَيَّ عَمَلٍ -[36]- ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِيَدَيْهِ فَنَبَذَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ فَرَغَ رَبُّكُمْ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ فريق فِي الْجنَّة وفريق فِي السعير» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ صَحِيح
‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr said: God’s messenger came out with two books in his hands and asked, “Do you know what these two books are?” We replied, “No, messenger of God, unless you tell us.” Of the one in his right hand he said, “This is a book from the Lord of the universe containing the names of those who will go to paradise, as well as the names of their fathers and their tribes. It is completed to the last man, so there will never be any increase or diminution in their numbers.” Of the one in his left hand he then said, “This is a book from the Lord of the universe containing the names of those who will go to hell, as well as the names of their fathers and their tribes. It is completed to the last man, so there will never be any increase or diminution in their numbers.” His Companions asked, “What then, messenger of God, is the good of doing anything if the matter is already decided?” He replied, “Follow a right course and keep as near to it as you can, for the last act of one who is to go to paradise will be an act appropriate for those who go to paradise no matter what he may have done; but the last act of one who is to go to hell will be an act appropriate for those who go to hell no matter what he may have done.” God’s messenger then made a gesture with his hands throwing the books away and said, “Your Lord has decided everything about mankind; a section will be in paradise and a section in the blaze.” Tirmidhi transmitted it.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Takhrij:
[سنن ترمذي 2141]
Hadith Authentication:
The chain of this hadith is hasan (good).
◈ It has been narrated by Ahmad ibn Hanbal [167/2 ح 6563], al-Nasa’i [السنن الكبريٰ : 11473], Ibn Abi ‘Asim [السنة : 348], ‘Uthman ibn Sa‘id al-Darimi [الرد على الجهمية : 263], Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Firyabi [كتاب القدر : 45، 46], al-Bayhaqi [كتاب القضاء والقدر : 56، 57], Abu Bakr al-Ajuri [الشريعة ص 173، 174 ح 333، 334], and Abu Nu‘aym al-Isbahani [حلية الاولياء 168/5], among others:
from the chain of narration of «ابوقبيل حي بن هانئ المعافري عن سفي بن ماتع عن عبدلله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه».
◈ Imam al-Tirmidhi said:
«هذا حديث حسن صحيح غريب»
And it has been narrated by ‘Abdullah ibn Wahb [كتاب القدر : 13] and Ibn Jarir [تفسير طبري 5/25]:
from the chain of narration of «ابوقبيل عن شفي عن رجل من اصحاب النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم».
◈ Shafi‘ ibn Mati‘ is a trustworthy (thiqa) narrator. See: [تقريب التهذيب : 2813]
◈ Abu Qabil Hayy ibn Hani’ has been declared trustworthy and truthful (thiqa wa saduq) by Imam Yahya ibn Ma‘in and the majority of hadith scholars, therefore he is hasan al-hadith. The criticism attributed to Imam Yahya ibn Ma‘in through Saji is not established against him.
The statement of the “researchers” of Musnad Imam Ahmad in al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, declaring this narration “its chain is weak” (isnaduhu da‘if) on the basis of it being shaadh (anomalous) and against the majority, is incorrect and rejected.
Fiqh of the Hadith:
➊ The belief in divine decree (qadar) is true.
➋ It is correct for every person to be attributed to his father.
➌ After verification, attribution to tribes is correct.
➍ Holding religious books in both hands is permissible.
➎ Since no one knows what is written about him in Allah’s decree, one should continue to act upon the Book and the Sunnah with correct belief in every respect until death, so that the end is upon faith.
[سنن ترمذي 2141]
Hadith Authentication:
The chain of this hadith is hasan (good).
◈ It has been narrated by Ahmad ibn Hanbal [167/2 ح 6563], al-Nasa’i [السنن الكبريٰ : 11473], Ibn Abi ‘Asim [السنة : 348], ‘Uthman ibn Sa‘id al-Darimi [الرد على الجهمية : 263], Ja‘far ibn Muhammad al-Firyabi [كتاب القدر : 45، 46], al-Bayhaqi [كتاب القضاء والقدر : 56، 57], Abu Bakr al-Ajuri [الشريعة ص 173، 174 ح 333، 334], and Abu Nu‘aym al-Isbahani [حلية الاولياء 168/5], among others:
from the chain of narration of «ابوقبيل حي بن هانئ المعافري عن سفي بن ماتع عن عبدلله بن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه».
◈ Imam al-Tirmidhi said:
«هذا حديث حسن صحيح غريب»
And it has been narrated by ‘Abdullah ibn Wahb [كتاب القدر : 13] and Ibn Jarir [تفسير طبري 5/25]:
from the chain of narration of «ابوقبيل عن شفي عن رجل من اصحاب النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم».
◈ Shafi‘ ibn Mati‘ is a trustworthy (thiqa) narrator. See: [تقريب التهذيب : 2813]
◈ Abu Qabil Hayy ibn Hani’ has been declared trustworthy and truthful (thiqa wa saduq) by Imam Yahya ibn Ma‘in and the majority of hadith scholars, therefore he is hasan al-hadith. The criticism attributed to Imam Yahya ibn Ma‘in through Saji is not established against him.
The statement of the “researchers” of Musnad Imam Ahmad in al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, declaring this narration “its chain is weak” (isnaduhu da‘if) on the basis of it being shaadh (anomalous) and against the majority, is incorrect and rejected.
Fiqh of the Hadith:
➊ The belief in divine decree (qadar) is true.
➋ It is correct for every person to be attributed to his father.
➌ After verification, attribution to tribes is correct.
➍ Holding religious books in both hands is permissible.
➎ Since no one knows what is written about him in Allah’s decree, one should continue to act upon the Book and the Sunnah with correct belief in every respect until death, so that the end is upon faith.
Source: Adwa al-Masabih fi Tahqiq Mishkat al-Masabih, Page: 96
