حَدَّثَنَا
أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ , حَدَّثَنَا
شَبَابَةُ , عَنْ
ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ , عَنْ
مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ , عَنْ
سَعِيدِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ , عَنْ
أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ , عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , قَالَ : " إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يَصِيرُ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ , فَيُجْلَسُ الرَّجُلُ الصَّالِحُ فِي قَبْرِهِ غَيْرَ فَزِعٍ , وَلَا مَشْعُوفٍ , ثُمَّ يُقَالُ لَهُ : فِيمَ كُنْتَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : كُنْتُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , جَاءَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ فَصَدَّقْنَاهُ , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : هَلْ رَأَيْتَ اللَّهَ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : مَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَرَى اللَّهَ , فَيُفْرَجُ لَهُ فُرْجَةٌ قِبَلَ النَّارِ , فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : انْظُرْ إِلَى مَا وَقَاكَ اللَّهُ , ثُمَّ يُفْرَجُ لَهُ قِبَلَ الْجَنَّةِ , فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَى زَهْرَتِهَا وَمَا فِيهَا , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : هَذَا مَقْعَدُكَ , وَيُقَالُ لَهُ عَلَى الْيَقِينِ كُنْتَ , وَعَلَيْهِ مُتَّ , وَعَلَيْهِ تُبْعَثُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ , وَيُجْلَسُ الرَّجُلُ السُّوءُ فِي قَبْرِهِ فَزِعًا , مَشْعُوفًا , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : فِيمَ كُنْتَ , فَيَقُولُ : لَا أَدْرِي , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : مَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ ؟ فَيَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ قَوْلًا فَقُلْتُهُ , فَيُفْرَجُ لَهُ قِبَلَ الْجَنَّةِ , فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَى زَهْرَتِهَا وَمَا فِيهَا , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : انْظُرْ إِلَى مَا صَرَفَ اللَّهُ عَنْكَ , ثُمَّ يُفْرَجُ لَهُ فُرْجَةٌ قِبَلَ النَّارِ , فَيَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا يَحْطِمُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا , فَيُقَالُ لَهُ : هَذَا مَقْعَدُكَ , عَلَى الشَّكِّ كُنْتَ , وَعَلَيْهِ مُتَّ , وَعَلَيْهِ تُبْعَثُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى " .
´It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:` “The dead person ends up in his grave, then the righteous man is made to sit up in his grave with no fear or panic. Then it is said to him: ‘What religion did you follow?’ He said: ‘I was in Islam.’ It is said to him: ‘Who is this man?’ He says: ‘Muhammad the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He brought us clear signs from Allah and we believed him.’ It is said to him: ‘Have you seen Allah?’ He says: ‘No one is able to see Allah.’ Then a window to Hell is opened for him, and he sees it, parts of it destroying others. Then it is said to him: ‘Look at what Allah has saved you from.’ Then a window to Paradise is opened to him, and he looks at its beauty and what is in it. It is said to him: ‘This is your place.’ And it is said to him: ‘You had certain faith and you died in that state, and in that state you will be resurrected if Allah wills.’ And the evil man is made to sit up in his grave with fear and panic. It is said to him: ‘What religion did you follow?’ He says: ‘I do not know.’ It is said to him: ‘Who is this man?’ He says: ‘I heard the people saying something and I said it too.’ Then a window to Paradise is opened to him, and he looks at its beauty and what is in it. It is said to him: ‘Look at what Allah has diverted away from you.’ Then a window to Hell is opened for him, and he sees it, parts of it destroying others, and it is said to him: ‘This is your place. You were doubtful; in this state you died and in this state you will be resurrected, if Allah wills.’”
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
The stage of questioning and answering in the grave is certain.
However, it pertains to the unseen realm (ʿālam al-ghayb), which living humans cannot perceive.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would become aware of it,
because such matters of the unseen are shown to the noble Prophets.
➋
The person who remained steadfast upon faith (iman) and righteous deeds (ʿamal salih) in the world is granted the ability to answer correctly.
One whose heart was devoid of faith cannot give an answer.
➌
In the grave, every person is shown the scenes of Paradise (Jannah) and Hellfire (Jahannam),
and he perceives the effects of Paradise or Hellfire according to his deeds.
However, permanent entry into Paradise or Hellfire will occur on the Day of Resurrection (Qiyamah).
➍
Standing by the grave after burial, addressing the deceased, and informing him of the answers given by the inhabitants of the grave is not established from the hadith; therefore, there is no benefit in it. After death, the deceased’s connection with this world is severed.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 4268
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
1834. Commentary:
➊ "They hand him over to one another"—just as relatives, with great joy, pass around a newborn child to look at him. It is understood from this that the soul is a reality and is something distinct from the body. It has its own existence. It is another matter that it is not visible, because it is very subtle. If air, despite being something of this world, is not visible yet is a reality, then what wonder is there if the soul is not seen?
➋ "Leave him"—this may refer to the new soul, meaning: do not trouble him with too many questions and answers. He is still in the sorrow of the world.
➌ At the time of the death of a believing person, the angels of mercy are present and give him glad tidings.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 1834
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Every human being has two appointed terms (ajal):
One in this world—the appointed term of death,
and the other after death—the Barzakh (intermediate state) appointed term,
after which he will be raised for reckoning.
As a result of this reckoning, a person will enter either Paradise or Hell.
In this hadith, the state of the soul of a believer and a disbeliever is described, and their respective abodes are also alluded to.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 7221
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
Angels are the sacred creation of Allah.
They perform various duties by Allah’s command.
➋
Angels are also appointed to seize the souls of human beings.
Their chief is the one referred to in the hadith as Malik al-Mawt (the Angel of Death).
And among the common people, his name is popularly known as Azra’il.
➌
Angels come to the person near death and address him.
At that time, he sees them and hears their words.
But other humans cannot see them,
nor can they hear their speech.
➌
The soul (ruh) is a non-material entity.
With its presence, the body is called alive.
But the angels extract it, seize it, speak to it, and also punish the soul of the evil person.
➍
The sky (heaven) is a solid entity.
It has gates that are opened and closed.
And angels come and go through them.
➎
The righteous soul is taken up to the sky (heaven).
And it is welcomed there.
Whereas the evil soul is also taken up to the sky,
but it is not granted permission to ascend further.
➏
The punishment of the grave is also among those unseen matters
in which it is necessary to have faith.
Even though, due to the structure of our present physical senses, its perception is not possible.
Relief for the believer is also of this same category.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 4262
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Authentication of the Hadith:
The chain of narration of this hadith is authentic.
The hadith scholar Busiri has also declared it authentic.
Jurisprudential Explanation of the Hadith:
➊ The return of the soul (i‘adah al-ruh) in the grave during the Barzakh is true.
➋ No person in this world can see Allah, the Exalted, while awake.
➌ Blind following (taqlid) is not permissible.
➍ The gates of the heavens are not opened for the wicked soul.
➎ The punishment of the grave is true for those who are deserving of punishment, and for the people of faith, by the grace and mercy of Allah, the reward of the grave (the blessings of the grave) is true.
➏ Allah, the Exalted, is established (mustawi) above His Throne (‘Arsh) above the seventh heaven. «كما يليق بجلاله و شانه»
➐ From Allah, our master Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), came with clear signs.
Source: Adwa al-Masabih fi Tahqiq Mishkat al-Masabih, Page: 139