Ibn Majah

Commentary:
Note:
(In the chain of narration, Zayd ibn Jubayrah is matruk al-hadith [abandoned in hadith transmission].)

Commentary:
(1)
Despite the chain of narration being weak, the ruling is correct that one should avoid praying in a place of impurity, because the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) commanded that mosques be kept clean and that fragrance be used therein. See: (Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith: 757)

(2)
In the slaughterhouse (the place where animals are slaughtered), all of these things are also found; therefore, one should not pray there either.
The prohibition of praying in the bathhouse and graveyard is established by an authentic hadith. See: (Sunan Ibn Majah, Hadith: 754)

Lexical Explanation:
«اَلْمَزْبَلَةِ» Both the "meem" and "ba" have a fatha. It is the place where dung and manure, etc., are thrown.
«اَلْمَجْزَرَةِ» Both the "meem" and "za" have a fatha. It is the place where animals are slaughtered.
«مَعَاطِن» is the plural of «مَعْطن». The "meem" has a fatha and there is a kasrah under the "ta". It is the place where camels sit (enclosure), which is usually built around a reservoir.
«وَضَعَّفْهُ» Imam Tirmidhi has declared it weak because in the chain of this narration there is a narrator, Zayd ibn Jubayrah, about whom Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has said that he is abandoned.

Benefits and Issues:
➊ Although the aforementioned narration is weak in its chain, the scholars state that despite the entire earth being declared a mosque, there are some places and locations where performing prayer is legally prohibited.
➋ The places where people throw garbage are obviously not pure, so when the place itself is impure, how can prayer be performed there? Because the purity of the place is a condition for prayer. Similarly, the slaughterhouse where animals are slaughtered, blood and other such things do not allow that place to remain clean, so this place is also not suitable for the performance of prayer.
➌ A public thoroughfare, which is a passageway for the general public—where passing is already difficult and troublesome—performing prayer there would cause harm to people. Attention and humility (khushu' and khudu') would also not remain.
➍ Prayer on the roof of the Ka'bah is prohibited because facing the direction of the House of Allah (Baytullah) is also a condition in prayer. In the case of praying on the roof, this becomes impossible. When the condition itself is not fulfilled, how can the prayer be valid?