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سنن ابن ماجه
Ibn Majah
كتاب الصيدChapters on Hunting
بَابُ : قَتْلِ الْكِلاَبِ إِلاَّ كَلْبَ صَيْدٍ أَوْ زَرْعٍChapter: Killing dogs except dogs used for hunting or farming
Hadith 3201
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، ح وحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ أَبِي التَّيَّاحِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ مُطَرِّفًا ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُغَفَّلٍ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ الْكِلَابِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : مَا لَهُمْ وَلِلْكِلَابِ ، ثُمَّ رَخَّصَ لَهُمْ فِي كَلْبِ الزَّرْعِ ، وَكَلْبِ الْعِينِ " قَالَ بُنْدَارٌ : الْعِينُ : حِيطَانُ الْمَدِينَةِ .
´It was narrated from ‘Abdullah bin Mughaffal that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded that dogs be killed, then he said:` “What do they use dogs for?” Then he permitted them to keep farming dogs and dogs of ‘Ein. Bundar said: “The ‘Ein refers to the walls of Al-Madinah.”
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: In the narration of Muslim and Nasa’i, it is: «ثم رخص في كلب الصيد والغنم». Therefore, the wording in Ibn Majah is a scribal error; the correct version is «الغنم». (See: Hayat al-Hayawan by al-Damiri). The dogs that are kept for the protection of fields and orchards are permissible to keep; in another narration, keeping them for the protection of herds, that is, animals, is also mentioned. Only three types of dogs are proven to be permissible from the Shari’ah: first, the hunting dog; second, the dog for the protection of orchards or fields; third, the dog for herds. By analogy, dogs may also be kept for other necessities, such as protection from thieves in the wilderness, and nowadays for surveillance purposes; it is hoped that this too is permissible. However, keeping a dog without necessity is not permissible in our Shari’ah; rather, it causes a reduction in reward and merit, as mentioned in another hadith. And in one hadith, it is stated that the angels do not enter a house in which there is an image or a dog, meaning the angels of mercy.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ If a dog puts its mouth into a vessel, whatever is in it (in the form of food or drink) should be thrown away, and the vessel should be washed seven or eight times, and it is necessary to scrub it once with earth.
➋ Some students of Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu omitted the mention of scrubbing with earth, but this does not necessitate that it is not present in the original narration. It is possible that they acted with brevity. Meanwhile, Muhammad ibn Sirin, Abu Ayyub al-Sakhtiyani, Hasan al-Basri, and Abu Rafi‘ rahimahullah have mentioned scrubbing with earth. And “the addition of a trustworthy narrator is accepted...” According to this principle, the narration of Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Mughaffal regarding the eighth time is acceptable.
➌ Modern research supports that only earth is truly effective in killing the dog’s germs.
➍ Whether the dog is a hunting dog or not, its saliva is impure (najis). There appears to be a specific exception in the matter of hunting.
➎ The general command to kill dogs has been abrogated so that their species is not completely destroyed.
➏ Keeping a dog for hunting and protection is permissible.
➊ If a dog puts its mouth into a vessel, whatever is in it (in the form of food or drink) should be thrown away, and the vessel should be washed seven or eight times, and it is necessary to scrub it once with earth.
➋ Some students of Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu omitted the mention of scrubbing with earth, but this does not necessitate that it is not present in the original narration. It is possible that they acted with brevity. Meanwhile, Muhammad ibn Sirin, Abu Ayyub al-Sakhtiyani, Hasan al-Basri, and Abu Rafi‘ rahimahullah have mentioned scrubbing with earth. And “the addition of a trustworthy narrator is accepted...” According to this principle, the narration of Sayyiduna Abdullah ibn Mughaffal regarding the eighth time is acceptable.
➌ Modern research supports that only earth is truly effective in killing the dog’s germs.
➍ Whether the dog is a hunting dog or not, its saliva is impure (najis). There appears to be a specific exception in the matter of hunting.
➎ The general command to kill dogs has been abrogated so that their species is not completely destroyed.
➏ Keeping a dog for hunting and protection is permissible.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 74
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Benefits and Issues:
From this hadith, it is understood that the original reason for shortening the prayer (qasr) was the fear of battle with the enemy. However, Allah, out of His grace upon the Ummah, made it general, so that even if there is no fear or danger of any kind during travel, one may still perform qasr. Therefore:
﴿لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ﴾ (“There is no sin upon you...”) and the use of the word “charity” (sadaqah) is evidence that this is not obligatory (fard), but since it is a bounty and grace from Allah, its requirement is that a person should individually and personally perform the shortened prayer (qasr). However, if one is praying behind a resident (muqim) imam, then one should perform the full prayer.
Benefits and Issues:
From this hadith, it is understood that the original reason for shortening the prayer (qasr) was the fear of battle with the enemy. However, Allah, out of His grace upon the Ummah, made it general, so that even if there is no fear or danger of any kind during travel, one may still perform qasr. Therefore:
﴿لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ﴾ (“There is no sin upon you...”) and the use of the word “charity” (sadaqah) is evidence that this is not obligatory (fard), but since it is a bounty and grace from Allah, its requirement is that a person should individually and personally perform the shortened prayer (qasr). However, if one is praying behind a resident (muqim) imam, then one should perform the full prayer.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 1573
