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سنن ابن ماجه
Ibn Majah
كتاب الجهادThe Chapters on Jihad
بَابُ : لاَ طَاعَةَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِChapter: There is no obedience through disobedience towards Allah
Hadith 2863
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ مُجَزِّرٍ عَلَى بَعْثٍ وَأَنَا فِيهِمْ ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى رَأْسِ غَزَاتِهِ أَوْ كَانَ بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ اسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْجَيْشِ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ ، وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ السَّهْمِيَّ ، فَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ غَزَا مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ ، أَوْقَدَ الْقَوْمُ نَارًا لِيَصْطَلُوا أَوْ لِيَصْنَعُوا عَلَيْهَا صَنِيعًا ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَكَانَتْ فِيهِ دُعَابَةٌ : أَلَيْسَ لِي عَلَيْكُمُ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعَةُ ، قَالُوا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : فَمَا أَنَا بِآمِرِكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا صَنَعْتُمُوهُ ، قَالُوا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا تَوَاثَبْتُمْ فِي هَذِهِ النَّارِ ، فَقَامَ نَاسٌ فَتَحَجَّزُوا فَلَمَّا ظَنَّ أَنَّهُمْ وَاثِبُونَ ، قَالَ : أَمْسِكُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أَمْزَحُ مَعَكُمْ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَنْ أَمَرَكُمْ مِنْهُمْ بِمَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ ، فَلَا تُطِيعُوهُ " .
´It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent ‘Alqamah bin Mujazziz at the head of a detachment, and I was among them. When he reached the battle site, or when he was partway there, a group of the army asked permission to take a different route, and he gave them permission, and appointed ‘Abdullah bin Hudhafah bin Qais As-Sahmi as their leader, and I was one of those who fought alongside with him. When we were partway there, the people lit a fire to warm themselves and cook some food. ‘Abdullah, who was a man who liked to joke, said:` “Do I not have the right that you should listen to me and obey?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “And if I command you to do something, will you not do it?” They said: “Of course.” He said: “Then I command you to jump into this fire.” Some people got up and got ready to jump, and when he saw that they were about to jump, he said: “Restrain yourselves, for I was joking with you.” When we came to Al-Madinah, they mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ), and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever among you commands you to do something that involves disobedience to Allah, do not obey him.”
Brief Explanation
1؎ : From this incident it is understood that if someone commands disobedience to Allah, then his word must never be obeyed, even if he is an imam, ruler, caliph, king, chief, or leader. Obedience to Allah takes precedence over all. Then, when obedience to the imam is prohibited in matters contrary to the Shariah, how can it ever be permissible to obey any mujtahid or scholar in opposition to the command of Allah and His Messenger? This hadith severs the very root of blind following (taqlid), and it is also understood that if a king or imam gives a command contrary to the Shariah, his word should not be accepted; rather, he should be compelled to obey the Shariah. If he does not accept obedience to the Shariah, then if there is ability and power, he should immediately be deposed and another pious, religious person should be made imam or king. This is the way of Islam and this is the command of Allah.
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
In addition to the general commander of the army, subordinate officers can also be appointed.
➋
With the permission of the commander, a detachment of the army can be dispatched for a specific operation.
➌
In military operations, it is correct for the commander to consult with his subordinate officers and to act accordingly.
➍
Joking is permissible to the extent that it does not cause anyone physical or financial harm, nor does it involve insulting anyone.
➎
The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were ready to give their lives in obedience to the commands of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
When they felt that obedience to the Messenger required them to jump into the fire, they immediately became ready, even though they knew that this act had no religious or military benefit.
➏
Obedience to the leader is not unlimited; it is not permissible to comply with a command that is contrary to the Shariah.
➊
In addition to the general commander of the army, subordinate officers can also be appointed.
➋
With the permission of the commander, a detachment of the army can be dispatched for a specific operation.
➌
In military operations, it is correct for the commander to consult with his subordinate officers and to act accordingly.
➍
Joking is permissible to the extent that it does not cause anyone physical or financial harm, nor does it involve insulting anyone.
➎
The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were ready to give their lives in obedience to the commands of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
When they felt that obedience to the Messenger required them to jump into the fire, they immediately became ready, even though they knew that this act had no religious or military benefit.
➏
Obedience to the leader is not unlimited; it is not permissible to comply with a command that is contrary to the Shariah.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2863
