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سنن ابن ماجه
Ibn Majah
كتاب الفرائضChapters on Shares of Inheritance
بَابُ : ذَوِيِ الأَرْحَامِChapter: Relations of the womb
Hadith 2738
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، حَدَّثَنِي بُدَيْلُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ الْعُقَيْلِيُّ ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ أَبِي كَرِيمَةَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالًا فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلًّا فَإِلَيْنَا " ، وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ : " فَإِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ ، وَأَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ أَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَأَرِثُهُ ، وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لَا وَارِثَ لَهُ يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ " .
´It was narrated from Miqdam Abu Karimah, a man from Sham who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:` “Whoever leaves behind wealth, it is for his heirs. Whoever leaves behind poor dependents and a debt, it is for us to take care of – or he said: ‘It is for Allah and His Messenger (to take care of) – I am the heir of the one who has no heir, I will pay the blood money on his behalf and inherit from him. And the maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir, he pays blood money on his behalf and inherits from him.”
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊ The care of destitute and needy Muslims, as well as orphaned children, is the responsibility of the Islamic government.
➋ In the case of accidental killing (qatl khata), the payment of blood money (diyah) is the responsibility of the killer’s ‘asaba (male agnate relatives/tribe). However, if someone does not have any ‘asaba relatives present, then this responsibility is transferred to the state.
➌ In the absence of ‘asaba, dhawu al-arham (uterine relatives) become the heirs, and they are also responsible for the payment of the diyah. For further benefits, also see the commentary on hadith 2634.
➊ The care of destitute and needy Muslims, as well as orphaned children, is the responsibility of the Islamic government.
➋ In the case of accidental killing (qatl khata), the payment of blood money (diyah) is the responsibility of the killer’s ‘asaba (male agnate relatives/tribe). However, if someone does not have any ‘asaba relatives present, then this responsibility is transferred to the state.
➌ In the absence of ‘asaba, dhawu al-arham (uterine relatives) become the heirs, and they are also responsible for the payment of the diyah. For further benefits, also see the commentary on hadith 2634.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2738
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه أبوداود، الفرائض، باب في ميراث ذوي الأرحام، حديث:2899، 2901، والنسائي في الكبرٰي:4 /76، 77، حديث:6354، 6355، 6356، وابن ماجه، الديات، حديث:2634، وأحمد:1 /28، 46، 4 /131، وانظر علل الحديث لابن أبي حاتم الرازي:2 /51، وابن حبان (الإحسان):7 /611، حديث:6003، والحاكم:4 /344.»©Explanation:
➊ According to this hadith, if none from among the possessors of prescribed shares (dhawu al-furud) and agnates (asaba) are alive, then the maternal uncle (mamu) will be the heir.
➋ There is a difference of opinion among the scholars of inheritance regarding considering distant kindred (dhawu al-arham) as heirs; a large group considers them to be heirs.
➌ The status of the maternal aunt (khala) is the same as that of the maternal uncle (mamu).
If she is also not present, then the estate will be deposited into the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
➍ According to those who do not accept the inheritance of distant kindred (dhawu al-arham), in the absence of agnates (asaba), the estate will be deposited into the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
However, in this matter, the opinion of the majority (jumhur) is the preferred one.
«أخرجه أبوداود، الفرائض، باب في ميراث ذوي الأرحام، حديث:2899، 2901، والنسائي في الكبرٰي:4 /76، 77، حديث:6354، 6355، 6356، وابن ماجه، الديات، حديث:2634، وأحمد:1 /28، 46، 4 /131، وانظر علل الحديث لابن أبي حاتم الرازي:2 /51، وابن حبان (الإحسان):7 /611، حديث:6003، والحاكم:4 /344.»©Explanation:
➊ According to this hadith, if none from among the possessors of prescribed shares (dhawu al-furud) and agnates (asaba) are alive, then the maternal uncle (mamu) will be the heir.
➋ There is a difference of opinion among the scholars of inheritance regarding considering distant kindred (dhawu al-arham) as heirs; a large group considers them to be heirs.
➌ The status of the maternal aunt (khala) is the same as that of the maternal uncle (mamu).
If she is also not present, then the estate will be deposited into the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
➍ According to those who do not accept the inheritance of distant kindred (dhawu al-arham), in the absence of agnates (asaba), the estate will be deposited into the public treasury (bayt al-mal).
However, in this matter, the opinion of the majority (jumhur) is the preferred one.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 811
