سنن ابن ماجه
Ibn Majah
كتاب الهباتThe Chapters on Gifts
بَابُ : عَطِيَّةِ الْمَرْأَةِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ زَوْجِهَاChapter: A Woman Giving Something without Her Husband's Permission
Hadith 2389
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَحْيَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، أَنَّ جَدَّتَهُ خَيْرَةَ امْرَأَةَ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَتَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِحُلِيٍّ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ : إِنِّي تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهَذَا ، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا يَجُوزُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ فِي مَالِهَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ زَوْجِهَا فَهَلِ اسْتَأْذَنْتِ كَعْبًا " . قَالَتْ : نَعَمْ ، فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ زَوْجِهَا فَقَالَ : " هَلْ أَذِنْتَ لِخَيْرَةَ أَنْ تَتَصَدَّقَ بِحُلِيِّهَا " ، فَقَال : نَعَمْ ، فَقَبِلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْهَا .
´It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Yahya, one of the sons of Ka'b bin Malik, from his grandfather, that :` his grandmother Khairah, the wife of Ka'b bin Malik, came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) with some jewelry belonging to her and said, I am giving this in charity. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to her: “It is not permissible for a woman to dispose of her wealth without her husband's permission. Did you ask Ka'b's permission?” She said: “Yes.” So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent for Ka'b bin Malik, her husband, and said, “Did you give Khairah permission to give her jewelry in charity?” He said: “Yes.” So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) accepted it from her.
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊ The mentioned narration has been declared weak in its chain of transmission (sanad) by our esteemed researcher, whereas other scholars have considered it authentic (sahih). Dr. Bashar Awwad writes regarding this narration that it is weak in its chain, but the preceding narration serves as a supporting witness (shahid) for it. Therefore, despite being weak in its chain, the mentioned narration is acceptable for practice and as evidence (hujjah). For details, see: (al-Sahihah, no. 775, 825, and Sunan Ibn Majah, edited by Dr. Bashar Awwad, hadith: 2389).
➋ If a woman wishes to give charity (sadaqah) from her wealth, it is better that she seeks her husband's permission.
➌ Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah has stated that if a woman is intelligent, she may give charity to someone even in the presence of her husband, meaning it is not necessary to seek the husband's permission. He has mentioned four hadiths as evidence for this. Among them is this: The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to Asma’ radi Allahu anha: “Spend, and do not count, lest Allah count against you. And do not hoard, lest Allah withhold from you.” The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not say to her that she should ask her husband, al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, for permission. See: (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Gifts and Their Virtues and Encouragement Towards Them, Chapter: A Woman’s Gift to Others Besides Her Husband, and Her Emancipation if She Has a Husband—It Is Permissible If She Is Not Foolish..., hadith: 2590).
However, this permissibility is when the woman knows that her husband will not object to her giving charity, or he will not object to that amount. And she gives only that amount in charity over which the husband does not object. And Allah knows best.
➊ The mentioned narration has been declared weak in its chain of transmission (sanad) by our esteemed researcher, whereas other scholars have considered it authentic (sahih). Dr. Bashar Awwad writes regarding this narration that it is weak in its chain, but the preceding narration serves as a supporting witness (shahid) for it. Therefore, despite being weak in its chain, the mentioned narration is acceptable for practice and as evidence (hujjah). For details, see: (al-Sahihah, no. 775, 825, and Sunan Ibn Majah, edited by Dr. Bashar Awwad, hadith: 2389).
➋ If a woman wishes to give charity (sadaqah) from her wealth, it is better that she seeks her husband's permission.
➌ Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah has stated that if a woman is intelligent, she may give charity to someone even in the presence of her husband, meaning it is not necessary to seek the husband's permission. He has mentioned four hadiths as evidence for this. Among them is this: The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said to Asma’ radi Allahu anha: “Spend, and do not count, lest Allah count against you. And do not hoard, lest Allah withhold from you.” The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not say to her that she should ask her husband, al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, for permission. See: (Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Gifts and Their Virtues and Encouragement Towards Them, Chapter: A Woman’s Gift to Others Besides Her Husband, and Her Emancipation if She Has a Husband—It Is Permissible If She Is Not Foolish..., hadith: 2590).
However, this permissibility is when the woman knows that her husband will not object to her giving charity, or he will not object to that amount. And she gives only that amount in charity over which the husband does not object. And Allah knows best.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2389
