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Hadith 2104

حَدَّثَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَظِيمِ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَنْبَأَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ ابْنِ طَاوُسٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَنْ حَلَفَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَلَهُ ثُنْيَاهُ " .
´It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:` 'Whoever swears an oath and says In sha' Allah, he will have made an exception."(2)
Hadith Reference سنن ابن ماجه / كتاب الكفارات / 2104
Hadith Grading الألبانی: صحيح  |  زبیر علی زئی: إسناده صحيح
Hadith Takhrij «سنن الترمذی/الأیمان والنذور 7 ( 1532 ) ، سنن النسائی/الإیمان والنذور 42 ( 3886 ) ، ( تحفة الأشراف : 13523 ) ، وقد أخرجہ : مسند احمد ( 2/309 ) ( صحیح ) »
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: The benefit will be that even if he acts contrary to the oath, expiation (kafarah) will not become obligatory, and the person will not be considered a liar, because his oath was contingent upon the will (mashiyyah) of Allah Ta'ala. It becomes clear that Allah Ta'ala did not will it, so he acted contrary to the oath. This is an excellent way to avoid the expiation of an oath. It is mentioned in the Sahihayn that Sulayman bin Dawud (alayhimas-salatu was-salam) said: "Tonight I will go to seventy women," until the end of the hadith. In it, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: "If he had said 'insha Allah,' his statement would not have been incorrect." And the majority (jumhur) hold the view that when one attaches «إن شاء الله» to an oath, it does not become binding, meaning that breaking it does not make expiation obligatory. However, the condition is that «إن شاء الله» must be said together with the oath itself.
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
By saying "in sha Allah," an oath is nullified; then, if the action mentioned is not carried out, there is no sin of breaking the oath, nor is expiation (kaffarah) required.
The reason for this is that an oath is meant to express a firm resolve, while "in sha Allah" means "if Allah wills, I will do this."
And in matters pertaining to the future, a person does not know Allah’s will, so in this, it is as if the resolve is negated, and the possibility arises that perhaps I will be able to do this action, or perhaps I will not.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2104
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
That is, he did not break the oath,
and for breaking such an oath, there is no expiation (kaffarah) upon him.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 1532