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سنن ابن ماجه
Ibn Majah
كتاب الجنائزChapters: Regarding Funerals
بَابُ : مَا جَاءَ فِي ذِكْرِ مَرَضِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَChapter: What was narrated concerning the sickness of the Messenger of Allah (SAW)
Hadith 1625
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، حَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ صَالِحٍ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ ، عَنْ سَفِينَةَ ، عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ : " الصَّلَاةَ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ " فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُهَا حَتَّى مَا يَفِيضَ بِهَا لِسَانُهُ .
´It was narrated from Umm Salamah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to say, during the illness that would be his last:` “The prayer, and those whom your hands possess.”* And he kept on saying it until his tongue could no longer utter any words.
Brief Explanation
1؎ : From this hadith, it is understood that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had great concern for prayer, because after the oneness of Allah (tawhid), prayer (salah) is the most important and fundamental pillar of Islam. That is why, even at the time of his passing, he advised regarding it. The meaning was that you should safeguard the prayer, perform it on time, and fulfill its conditions and pillars. The second important issue was that of female and male slaves. The purpose of his advice was that people should treat female and male slaves well and not oppress them. Those who criticize Islam because of slavery are unaware of what slavery actually is; it is as if one is taking someone as a child and raising a person without an heir just like one’s own children. What rational objection can there be in this? In fact, for the sustenance of captives, no better alternative comes to mind than this. However, in those times, some ignorant people used to treat female and male slaves with brutality, and this is indeed a bad thing. But this criticism against Islam is not correct, because Islam has prohibited such treatment and has repeatedly advised good conduct towards them, to the extent that the blessed tongue of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) became overwhelmed with this, and his soul departed from the cage of the body (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
The mentioned narration has been declared weak in chain (sanadan da'if) by our esteemed researcher.
However, other scholars have declared it authentic (sahih).
And their opinion appears to be closer to correctness.
For details, see: (Al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, Musnad al-Imam Ahmad: 44/261; Al-Irwa’: 7/238; Sunan Ibn Majah by Dr. Bashar ‘Awwad, Hadith: 1625)
➋
The advice that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) gave in the final moments of his life pertains to both the rights of Allah and the rights of the servants.
Both these aspects hold utmost importance in Islam.
➌
Among the rights of Allah, prayer (salah) holds the greatest importance.
It is the act that has been made the distinguishing mark between a Muslim and a disbeliever.
And its abandonment has been declared as disbelief (kufr) and polytheism (shirk).
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: (Indeed, between a man and between shirk and kufr is the abandonment of prayer.)
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, Chapter: The Application of the Term Kufr to One Who Abandons Prayer, Hadith: 82)
“Indeed, between a person and shirk and kufr is the matter of abandoning prayer.”
That is, abandoning prayer brings one close to disbelief.
➍
Among the rights of the servants, the mention of slaves was made because slaves were the oppressed class of society, whom Islam elevated by granting them many rights.
They were declared to be the brothers of their masters.
The Prophetic instruction (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is:
Your servants are your brothers.
If someone’s brother is under his authority, then he should feed him from what he himself eats and clothe him with what he himself wears. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Iman, Chapter: Sins from the Affairs of Jahiliyyah, Hadith: 30)
Although today’s personal servants and tenant farmers of landowners are not, in the legal or customary sense, slaves, yet, due to circumstances, they are compelled to endure the hardships of their masters.
In view of this, the advice of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) can also be understood to apply to them.
➊
The mentioned narration has been declared weak in chain (sanadan da'if) by our esteemed researcher.
However, other scholars have declared it authentic (sahih).
And their opinion appears to be closer to correctness.
For details, see: (Al-Mawsu‘ah al-Hadithiyyah, Musnad al-Imam Ahmad: 44/261; Al-Irwa’: 7/238; Sunan Ibn Majah by Dr. Bashar ‘Awwad, Hadith: 1625)
➋
The advice that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) gave in the final moments of his life pertains to both the rights of Allah and the rights of the servants.
Both these aspects hold utmost importance in Islam.
➌
Among the rights of Allah, prayer (salah) holds the greatest importance.
It is the act that has been made the distinguishing mark between a Muslim and a disbeliever.
And its abandonment has been declared as disbelief (kufr) and polytheism (shirk).
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: (Indeed, between a man and between shirk and kufr is the abandonment of prayer.)
(Sahih Muslim, Kitab al-Iman, Chapter: The Application of the Term Kufr to One Who Abandons Prayer, Hadith: 82)
“Indeed, between a person and shirk and kufr is the matter of abandoning prayer.”
That is, abandoning prayer brings one close to disbelief.
➍
Among the rights of the servants, the mention of slaves was made because slaves were the oppressed class of society, whom Islam elevated by granting them many rights.
They were declared to be the brothers of their masters.
The Prophetic instruction (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is:
Your servants are your brothers.
If someone’s brother is under his authority, then he should feed him from what he himself eats and clothe him with what he himself wears. (Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Iman, Chapter: Sins from the Affairs of Jahiliyyah, Hadith: 30)
Although today’s personal servants and tenant farmers of landowners are not, in the legal or customary sense, slaves, yet, due to circumstances, they are compelled to endure the hardships of their masters.
In view of this, the advice of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) can also be understood to apply to them.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 1625
