Hadith 954
اُردوEn
وعن عمرو بن العاص رضي الله عنه قال : " لا تلبسوا علينا سنة نبينا عدة أم الولد إذا توفي عنها سيدها أربعة أشهر وعشر " رواه أحمد وأبو داود وابن ماجه وصححه الحاكم وأعله الدارقطني بالانقطاع.
Narrated 'Amr bin al-'Aas (RA): "Do not confuse us about our Prophet's Sunnah: The period that a slave-woman, whose master dies, and she has begotten a child from him must wait for, is four months and ten days." [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah. al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic), but ad-Daraqutni considered it defective due to Inqita' (broken link)].
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه أبوداود، الطلاق، باب في عدة أم الولد، حديث:2308، وابن ماجه، الطلاق، حديث:2083، وأحمد:4 /203، والحاكم:2 /209 وصححه علي شرط الشيخين، ووافقه الذهبي، والدارقطني:3 /309 وقال: "هو مرسل لأن قبيصة لم يسمع من عمرو" وتبعه البيهقي:7 /448.»©
Explanation:
➊ In this narration, the waiting period (‘iddah) of an umm walad is mentioned, but this narration is disconnected (munqati‘), because Qabisah bin Dhu’ayb narrates from ‘Amr bin al-‘As radi Allahu anhu, and his having heard from ‘Amr radi Allahu anhu is not established.
➋ Imam Awza‘i and the literalists (Ahl al-Zahir) say that the waiting period (‘iddah) of an umm walad is four months and ten days, but according to Imam Shafi‘i, Imam Ahmad, and Malik rahimahum Allah, her waiting period is one menstrual cycle (hayd). According to Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, the waiting period is three menstrual cycles (hayd). Imam Shafi‘i rahimahullah and others say that her waiting period is only one menstrual cycle because she is neither a wife nor a divorcee. She only requires istibra’ al-rahm (verification of womb’s emptiness), and that is fulfilled by a single menstrual cycle.
➌ Some researchers have also declared this hadith to be authentic (sahih).
«أخرجه أبوداود، الطلاق، باب في عدة أم الولد، حديث:2308، وابن ماجه، الطلاق، حديث:2083، وأحمد:4 /203، والحاكم:2 /209 وصححه علي شرط الشيخين، ووافقه الذهبي، والدارقطني:3 /309 وقال: "هو مرسل لأن قبيصة لم يسمع من عمرو" وتبعه البيهقي:7 /448.»©
Explanation:
➊ In this narration, the waiting period (‘iddah) of an umm walad is mentioned, but this narration is disconnected (munqati‘), because Qabisah bin Dhu’ayb narrates from ‘Amr bin al-‘As radi Allahu anhu, and his having heard from ‘Amr radi Allahu anhu is not established.
➋ Imam Awza‘i and the literalists (Ahl al-Zahir) say that the waiting period (‘iddah) of an umm walad is four months and ten days, but according to Imam Shafi‘i, Imam Ahmad, and Malik rahimahum Allah, her waiting period is one menstrual cycle (hayd). According to Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, the waiting period is three menstrual cycles (hayd). Imam Shafi‘i rahimahullah and others say that her waiting period is only one menstrual cycle because she is neither a wife nor a divorcee. She only requires istibra’ al-rahm (verification of womb’s emptiness), and that is fulfilled by a single menstrual cycle.
➌ Some researchers have also declared this hadith to be authentic (sahih).
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 954
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊
"Umm Walad" refers to a slave woman from whom her master has children.
➋
Regarding Umm Walad, the statement of Umar radi Allahu anhu is:
“A slave woman who bears a child from her master should neither be sold, nor gifted, nor passed on to anyone as inheritance. (During his lifetime) he may benefit from her, but when he dies, that woman is free.” (Muwatta Imam Malik, Al-'Itq wal-Wala', Chapter: The Emancipation of Ummhat al-Awlad......, 2/291)
➌
Since Umm Walad becomes free due to the death of her master, her waiting period ('iddah) is that of a free woman.
There is a difference of opinion regarding the 'iddah of Umm Walad; see: (Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudamah: 11/262, 264)
➍
According to some, this narration is authentic.
➊
"Umm Walad" refers to a slave woman from whom her master has children.
➋
Regarding Umm Walad, the statement of Umar radi Allahu anhu is:
“A slave woman who bears a child from her master should neither be sold, nor gifted, nor passed on to anyone as inheritance. (During his lifetime) he may benefit from her, but when he dies, that woman is free.” (Muwatta Imam Malik, Al-'Itq wal-Wala', Chapter: The Emancipation of Ummhat al-Awlad......, 2/291)
➌
Since Umm Walad becomes free due to the death of her master, her waiting period ('iddah) is that of a free woman.
There is a difference of opinion regarding the 'iddah of Umm Walad; see: (Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudamah: 11/262, 264)
➍
According to some, this narration is authentic.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 2083
