Hadith 767
اُردوEn
عن ابن عمر رضي الله عنهما : أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم عامل أهل خيبر بشطر ما يخرج منها من ثمر أو زرع. متفق عليه. وفي رواية لهما : فسألوه أن يقرهم بها على أن يكفوا عملها ولهم نصف الثمر فقال لهم رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم : « نقركم بها على ذلك ما شئنا » فقروا بها حتى أجلاهم عمر. ولمسلم : أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم دفع إلى يهود خيبر نخل خيبر وأرضها على أن يعتملوها من أموالهم ولهم شطر ثمرها.
Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA): Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had agreed with the people of Khaibar to give (to the Muslim authority) half what it produced of fruits or crops. [Agreed upon]. A narration by al-Bukhari and Muslim has: They asked him (ﷺ) to allow them to stay on the land, on condition that they should do all the cultivation and have half the dates. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) replied to them, "We shall allow you to stay on the land, on that condition, as long as we wish." So they remained on the land till 'Umar (RA) expelled them. Muslim has: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) handed over to the Jews of Khaibar, the palm-trees and the land of Khaibar, on condition that they should employ their own resources in working on it and keep half of its produce.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه البخاري، الإجارة، باب إذا استأجر أرضًا فمات أحدهما، حديث:2285، ومسلم، المساقاة، باب المساقاة والمعاملة بجزء من الثمر والزرع، حديث:1551.»©Explanation:
➊ This hadith establishes the permissibility of giving land on the basis of half-and-half (i.e., sharecropping with a fifty-fifty split of the yield).
All three Imams, except Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, as well as the scholars among the Salaf and Khalaf, hold the view of the permissibility of sharecropping (muzara‘ah).
According to the condition upon which the Jews of Khaybar were given the land, all the tasks required to obtain the produce were their responsibility, such as irrigating the land, cleaning and digging canals, and protecting the crops from weeds and grass, etc.
➋ The interpretation made by the Hanafis regarding the incident of Khaybar—that these people were your slaves—is not correct, because the noble statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is: «نُقِرُّ کُمْ مَا أَقَرَّ کُمُ اللّٰہُ» “We will keep you as long as Allah keeps you.”
From this, it is understood that they were not your slaves; therefore, the interpretation of the Hanafis that they were your slaves is also invalid and rejected.
«أخرجه البخاري، الإجارة، باب إذا استأجر أرضًا فمات أحدهما، حديث:2285، ومسلم، المساقاة، باب المساقاة والمعاملة بجزء من الثمر والزرع، حديث:1551.»©Explanation:
➊ This hadith establishes the permissibility of giving land on the basis of half-and-half (i.e., sharecropping with a fifty-fifty split of the yield).
All three Imams, except Imam Abu Hanifah rahimahullah, as well as the scholars among the Salaf and Khalaf, hold the view of the permissibility of sharecropping (muzara‘ah).
According to the condition upon which the Jews of Khaybar were given the land, all the tasks required to obtain the produce were their responsibility, such as irrigating the land, cleaning and digging canals, and protecting the crops from weeds and grass, etc.
➋ The interpretation made by the Hanafis regarding the incident of Khaybar—that these people were your slaves—is not correct, because the noble statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is: «نُقِرُّ کُمْ مَا أَقَرَّ کُمُ اللّٰہُ» “We will keep you as long as Allah keeps you.”
From this, it is understood that they were not your slaves; therefore, the interpretation of the Hanafis that they were your slaves is also invalid and rejected.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 767
