Hadith 548
اُردوEn
وعن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما قال : رخص للشيخ الكبير أن يفطر ويطعم عن كل يوم مسكينا ولا قضاء عليه. رواه الدراقطني والحاكم وصححاه.
Ibn ’Abbas (RAA) narrated, ‘An elderly man is permitted to break his fast, but he must feed a poor person daily, and he does not have to make up for it.’ Related by Ad-Daraqutni and Al- hakim, who rendered it to be Sahih
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Lexical Explanation 548:
رُخِّصَ is the passive form from "tarkhis" (permission), and it is possible that this concession was understood by Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhu from the verse of the Noble Qur’an. And this is the more likely scenario. It is also possible that the explicit statement of this concession was made by the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself.
وَيُطعِمَ عَن كُلِّ يَومٍ مِسكِينًا: that every day, one poor person should be fed. The amount is one mudd of wheat, dates, etc.
Benefits and Issues 548:
➊ From this hadith, it is understood that a very elderly person, for whom there is no hope of regaining strength, and likewise a patient who is hopeless of recovery, should feed one poor person daily. The same ruling applies to pregnant and breastfeeding women: if fasting poses a risk to themselves, or to the child in their womb, or to the nursing infant, then they are permitted to leave the fast.
2. The elderly man or woman is given this concession due to their own personal weakness, while the pregnant and breastfeeding women are given the concession due to the risk of harm to the child.
3. There is a difference of opinion regarding whether the pregnant and breastfeeding women should make up (qada) the fasts later or not. Some scholars hold the view that they are in the same ruling as the sick person: they may leave the fast, are not required to pay fidya (compensation), but must make up the fasts later. This is also the opinion of the Saudi scholars. Other scholars are of the opinion that their ruling is like that of the hopelessly ill: they only pay fidya and do not make up the fasts. And Allah knows best. For further details, see: [صفة صوم النبى ، وفتاويٰ اسلاميه ، اردو ، طبع دارالسلام : 205-203/2]
رُخِّصَ is the passive form from "tarkhis" (permission), and it is possible that this concession was understood by Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhu from the verse of the Noble Qur’an. And this is the more likely scenario. It is also possible that the explicit statement of this concession was made by the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam himself.
وَيُطعِمَ عَن كُلِّ يَومٍ مِسكِينًا: that every day, one poor person should be fed. The amount is one mudd of wheat, dates, etc.
Benefits and Issues 548:
➊ From this hadith, it is understood that a very elderly person, for whom there is no hope of regaining strength, and likewise a patient who is hopeless of recovery, should feed one poor person daily. The same ruling applies to pregnant and breastfeeding women: if fasting poses a risk to themselves, or to the child in their womb, or to the nursing infant, then they are permitted to leave the fast.
2. The elderly man or woman is given this concession due to their own personal weakness, while the pregnant and breastfeeding women are given the concession due to the risk of harm to the child.
3. There is a difference of opinion regarding whether the pregnant and breastfeeding women should make up (qada) the fasts later or not. Some scholars hold the view that they are in the same ruling as the sick person: they may leave the fast, are not required to pay fidya (compensation), but must make up the fasts later. This is also the opinion of the Saudi scholars. Other scholars are of the opinion that their ruling is like that of the hopelessly ill: they only pay fidya and do not make up the fasts. And Allah knows best. For further details, see: [صفة صوم النبى ، وفتاويٰ اسلاميه ، اردو ، طبع دارالسلام : 205-203/2]
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 548
