Hadith 525
اُردوEn
وعن أبي رافع رضي الله عنه ، أن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم بعث رجلا على الصدقة من بني مخزوم ، فقال لأبي رافع : اصحبني ، فإنك تصيب منها ، فقال : لا حتى آتي النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم فأسأله فأتاه فسأله ، فقال : « مولى القوم من أنفسهم ، وإنا لا تحل لنا الصدقة ». رواه أحمد والثلاثة وابن خزيمة وابن حبان.
Abu Rafi (RAA) narrated that The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) appointed a man from Bani Makhzum to collect the Zakah. The man said to Abu Rafi', ‘Accompany me so that you may get a share of it.' Abu Rafi, replied, ‘No! Not until I go to the Prophet and ask him’ He went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and asked him, and the Prophet replied, “The client (slave) of a certain tribe are like (the members of the tribe) themselves and Zakah is not lawful for us.” Related by Ahmad, the three Imams, Ibn Khuzaimah and Ibn Hibban.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Lexical Explanation 525:
بَعَثَ رَجُلًا — "He sent a man": Here, the man referred to is Hazrat Arqam radi Allahu anhu.
تُصِیبُ مِنھَا — "You take from it": That is, to take compensation and wages from the acquired charity. From this hadith, it is understood that zakat is also forbidden for the freed slaves of Banu Hashim.
Benefit 525:
This hadith establishes that for the person for whom it is forbidden to take zakat, it is likewise forbidden for his slave. Since Hazrat Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu was a slave of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, it was also forbidden for him to take zakat.
Narrator of the Hadith:
Hazrat Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu — There are different opinions regarding his name; it is said his name was Aslam, or Harmuz, or Thabit, or Ibrahim. He was a Copt. He was originally a slave of Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu, who gifted him to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. He accepted Islam before the Battle of Badr but did not participate in it; he participated in Uhud and the subsequent battles. When Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu accepted Islam, the glad tidings of his acceptance of Islam were conveyed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam by Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu. At that moment, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam set him free. He passed away in Madinah at the beginning of the caliphate of Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu in 36 AH.
بَعَثَ رَجُلًا — "He sent a man": Here, the man referred to is Hazrat Arqam radi Allahu anhu.
تُصِیبُ مِنھَا — "You take from it": That is, to take compensation and wages from the acquired charity. From this hadith, it is understood that zakat is also forbidden for the freed slaves of Banu Hashim.
Benefit 525:
This hadith establishes that for the person for whom it is forbidden to take zakat, it is likewise forbidden for his slave. Since Hazrat Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu was a slave of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, it was also forbidden for him to take zakat.
Narrator of the Hadith:
Hazrat Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu — There are different opinions regarding his name; it is said his name was Aslam, or Harmuz, or Thabit, or Ibrahim. He was a Copt. He was originally a slave of Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu, who gifted him to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. He accepted Islam before the Battle of Badr but did not participate in it; he participated in Uhud and the subsequent battles. When Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu accepted Islam, the glad tidings of his acceptance of Islam were conveyed to the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam by Abu Rafi’ radi Allahu anhu. At that moment, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam set him free. He passed away in Madinah at the beginning of the caliphate of Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu in 36 AH.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 525
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
1650. English Commentary:
➊ Charity (sadaqah) is not lawful for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his family. This includes Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib. He (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also included his freed slaves (mawali) in this ruling. He did not even permit them to take up employment in which wealth from charity (sadaqah) is received, even if it is indirectly.
➋ The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) were extremely sensitive regarding matters of lawful and unlawful. Abu Rafi' (radi Allahu anhu) did not wish to become a collector of charity (sadaqah) without first seeking permission from the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
➊ Charity (sadaqah) is not lawful for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and his family. This includes Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib. He (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also included his freed slaves (mawali) in this ruling. He did not even permit them to take up employment in which wealth from charity (sadaqah) is received, even if it is indirectly.
➋ The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) were extremely sensitive regarding matters of lawful and unlawful. Abu Rafi' (radi Allahu anhu) did not wish to become a collector of charity (sadaqah) without first seeking permission from the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 1650
