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Hadith 1023
اُردوEn
وعن أبي هريرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم قال : « من خرج عن الطاعة وفارق الجماعة ومات فميتته ميتة جاهلية ». أخرجه مسلم.
Abd Hurairah (RAA) narrated, “He who rebels against obedience to the ruler, abandons the Muslim community and then dies, his death will be as if he died at the time of Jahiliyah.” Related by Muslim.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه مسلم، الإمارة، باب وجوب ملازمة جماعة المسلمين عند ظهور الفتن...، حديث:1848.»©Explanation:
➊ If a person separates himself from the community of Muslims due to some differences—merely adopting separation and not a rebellious attitude—then according to this hadith, fighting against him will not be undertaken. He will be left to his own state until he adopts a rebellious way of life. When he proceeds upon such a path, then fighting against him will be undertaken.
➋ Obedience to the leader (amir) is obligatory as long as he does not command something that is explicitly and absolutely contrary to the clear command of the Shari‘ah. And breaking allegiance (bay‘ah) is not permitted until he commands the adoption of explicit disbelief (kufr) and atheism (ilhad).
➌ Disobedience to a Shari‘ah-compliant leader or caliph is rebellion; therefore, whoever separates from the Muslims by leaving the obedience of such a leader, his death will be a death of ignorance (jahiliyyah). Such a death can be called a death of misguidance, but not a death of disbelief (kufr).
➍ From this hadith, it is understood that it is permissible to fight against rebellious Muslims. However, this fighting is the responsibility of the government; to fight individually would be to disrupt the peace and order of society, which an Islamic government cannot permit.
«أخرجه مسلم، الإمارة، باب وجوب ملازمة جماعة المسلمين عند ظهور الفتن...، حديث:1848.»©Explanation:
➊ If a person separates himself from the community of Muslims due to some differences—merely adopting separation and not a rebellious attitude—then according to this hadith, fighting against him will not be undertaken. He will be left to his own state until he adopts a rebellious way of life. When he proceeds upon such a path, then fighting against him will be undertaken.
➋ Obedience to the leader (amir) is obligatory as long as he does not command something that is explicitly and absolutely contrary to the clear command of the Shari‘ah. And breaking allegiance (bay‘ah) is not permitted until he commands the adoption of explicit disbelief (kufr) and atheism (ilhad).
➌ Disobedience to a Shari‘ah-compliant leader or caliph is rebellion; therefore, whoever separates from the Muslims by leaving the obedience of such a leader, his death will be a death of ignorance (jahiliyyah). Such a death can be called a death of misguidance, but not a death of disbelief (kufr).
➍ From this hadith, it is understood that it is permissible to fight against rebellious Muslims. However, this fighting is the responsibility of the government; to fight individually would be to disrupt the peace and order of society, which an Islamic government cannot permit.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 1023
