The Book of Al-Ahkam (Judgements)
بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ} :
(1) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “(O you who believe!) Obey Allah and obey the Messenger (Muhammad (p.b.u.h.)) and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority…" (V.4:59)
2بَابُ الأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ:
(2) Chapter. The (chief) rulers (of all Muslims must be) from the Quraish.
3بَابُ أَجْرِ مَنْ قَضَى بِالْحِكْمَةِ:
(3) Chapter. The reward of the person who judging according to (the principles of) Al-Hikmah.
4بَابُ السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلإِمَامِ مَا لَمْ تَكُنْ مَعْصِيَةً:
(4) Chapter. To listen to and obey one’s Imam (Muslim ruler) as long as his orders involve not one in disobedience (to Allah).
5بَابُ مَنْ لَمْ يَسْأَلِ الإِمَارَةَ أَعَانَهُ اللَّهُ:
(5) Chapter. If somebody does not seek authority of ruling, then Allah will surely help him (if he is given such authority).
6بَابُ مَنْ سَأَلَ الإِمَارَةَ وُكِلَ إِلَيْهَا:
(6) Chapter. He who seeks to be a ruler will be held responsible for that (i.e., Allah will not help him in his duty).
7بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الْحِرْصِ عَلَى الإِمَارَةِ:
(7) Chapter. What is disliked regarding being keen to have the authority of ruling.
8بَابُ مَنِ اسْتُرْعِيَ رَعِيَّةً فَلَمْ يَنْصَحْ:
(8) Chapter. If somebody is assigned the authority of ruling some people but, he does not look after them in an honest manner!
9بَابُ مَنْ شَاقَّ شَقَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ:
(9) Chapter. Whoever puts the people into troubles and difficulties will be put into troubles and difficulties by Allah.
10بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ وَالْفُتْيَا فِي الطَّرِيقِ:
(10) Chapter. To give judgements and legal opinions on the road.
11بَابُ مَا ذُكِرَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بَوَّابٌ:
(11) Chapter. It is mentioned that there was no gatekeeper for the Prophet (p.b.u.h.).
12بَابُ الْحَاكِمِ يَحْكُمُ بِالْقَتْلِ عَلَى مَنْ وَجَبَ عَلَيْهِ دُونَ الإِمَامِ الَّذِي فَوْقَهُ:
(12) Chapter. A governor (of a province, etc.,) who is under can sentence to death a person who deserve such punishement without consulting the Imam.
13بَابُ هَلْ يَقْضِي الْحَاكِمُ أَوْ يُفْتِي وَهْوَ غَضْبَانُ:
(13) Chapter. Can a judge give a judgement or a formal legal opinion while he is in an angry mood?
14بَابُ مَنْ رَأَى لِلْقَاضِي أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بِعِلْمِهِ فِي أَمْرِ النَّاسِ إِذَا لَمْ يَخَفِ الظُّنُونَ وَالتُّهَمَةَ:
(14) Chapter. Whosoever thinks that a judge can give judgements for the people according to his knowledge if he is not afraid of being suspected or blamed.
15بَابُ الشَّهَادَةِ عَلَى الْخَطِّ الْمَخْتُومِ:
(15) Chapter. To bear witness as to the writer of a stamped letter.
16بَابُ رِزْقِ الْحُكَّامِ وَالْعَامِلِينِ عَلَيْهَا:
(17) Chapter. The salaries of rulers and those employed to administer the funds.
17بَابُ مَنْ قَضَى وَلاَعَنَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ:
(18) Chapter. Whoever gave judgements of Lian in the mosque.
18بَابُ مَنْ حَكَمَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَى عَلَى حَدٍّ أَمَرَ أَنْ يُخْرَجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَيُقَامَ:
(19) Chapter. Whoever passed a judgement in the mosque and when the actual legal punishement was to be put to action,he ordered the guilty person to be taken outside the mosque so that the punishment might be carried out.
19بَابُ مَوْعِظَةِ الإِمَامِ لِلْخُصُومِ:
(20) Chapter. The advice of the Imam (ruler) to the litigants.
20بَابُ الشَّهَادَةِ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الْحَاكِمِ فِي وِلاَيَتِهِ الْقَضَاءِ أَوْ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ لِلْخَصْمِ:
(21) Chapter. If a judge has to witness in favour of a litigant when he is a judge or he had it before he became a judge (can he pass a judgement in his favour accordingly or should he refer the case to another judge before whom he would bear witness?).
21بَابُ أَمْرِ الْوَالِي إِذَا وَجَّهَ أَمِيرَيْنِ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ أَنْ يَتَطَاوَعَا وَلاَ يَتَعَاصَيَا:
(22) Chapter. The order of the Wali (chief ruler) sending two Amir (governors) to one place that they should coopertae and agree with each other and should not differ with one another.
22بَابُ إِجَابَةِ الْحَاكِمِ الدَّعْوَةَ:
(23) Chapter. The ruler’s acceptance of invitation.
23بَابُ هَدَايَا الْعُمَّالِ:
(24) Chapter. The gifts taken by the employees.
24بَابُ اسْتِقْضَاءِ الْمَوَالِي وَاسْتِعْمَالِهِمْ:
(25) Chapter. To appoint the Maula (freed slaves) as judges and officials.
25بَابُ الْعُرَفَاءِ لِلنَّاسِ:
(26) Chapter. The Urafa appointed to look after the people’s affairs.
26بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنْ ثَنَاءِ السُّلْطَانِ، وَإِذَا خَرَجَ قَالَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ:
(27) Chapter. What is disliked as regards praising the Sultan (ruler) (in his presence) and saying something differently after leaving him.
27بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ عَلَى الْغَائِبِ:
(28) Chapter. Passing a Judgement against an absent person.
28بَابُ مَنْ قُضِيَ لَهُ بِحَقِّ أَخِيهِ فَلاَ يَأْخُذْهُ، فَإِنَّ قَضَاءَ الْحَاكِمِ لاَ يُحِلُّ حَرَامًا وَلاَ يُحَرِّمُ حَلاَلاً:
(29) Chapter. Whoever is given the right of his brother (by error) through a judicial decision, then he should not take it as the judge’s judgement cannot render what is illegal, legal or what is legal, illegal.
29بَابُ الْحُكْمِ فِي الْبِئْرِ وَنَحْوِهَا:
(30) Chapter. Judgement regarding cases involving wells, etc.
30بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي كَثِيرِ الْمَالِ وَقَلِيلِهِ:
(31) Chapter. To judge (all) cases involving wealth weather it is much or little in amount, in one and the same.
31بَابُ بَيْعِ الإِمَامِ عَلَى النَّاسِ أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَضِيَاعَهُمْ:
(32) Chapter. The selling of the people’s real or personal estates by the ruler on their behalf.
32بَابُ مَنْ لَمْ يَكْتَرِثْ بِطَعْنِ مَنْ لاَ يَعْلَمُ فِي الأُمَرَاءِ حَدِيثًا:
(33) Chapter. Whoever does not care slanders made by ignorant people against the Amirs (leaders).
33بَابُ الأَلَدِّ الْخَصِمِ:
(34) Chapter. The one who is the most contentious of enemies; and that is, the most quarrelsome person of the opponents.
34بَابُ إِذَا قَضَى الْحَاكِمُ بِجَوْرٍ أَوْ خِلاَفِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فَهْوَ رَدٌّ:
(35) Chapter. If a judge passes an unjust judgement or a judgement which differs from that of the learned religious men, such a judgement is to be rejected.
35بَابُ الإِمَامِ يَأْتِي قَوْمًا فَيُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُمْ:
(36) Chapter. The Imam (ruler) going to some people to establish peace among them.
36بَابُ يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْكَاتِبِ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمِينًا عَاقِلاً:
(37) Chapter. It is desirable that a scribe should be honest and wise.
37بَابُ كِتَابِ الْحَاكِمِ إِلَى عُمَّالِهِ، وَالْقَاضِي إِلَى أُمَنَائِهِ:
(38) Chapter. The writing of a letter by the ruler to his representatives (in the provinces), and by judge to his workers who look after the problems of the people.
38بَابُ هَلْ يَجُوزُ لِلْحَاكِمِ أَنْ يَبْعَثَ رَجُلاً وَحْدَهُ لِلنَّظَرِ فِي الأُمُورِ:
(39) Chapter. Is ir permissible for a ruler to send one man only to manage certain affairs?
39بَابُ تَرْجَمَةِ الْحُكَّامِ، وَهَلْ يَجُوزُ تُرْجُمَانٌ وَاحِدٌ:
(40) Chapter. The translators of a ruler; and is it permissible to keep one translator?
40بَابُ مُحَاسَبَةِ الإِمَامِ عُمَّالَهُ:
(41) Chapter. The ruler calling his employees to account.
41بَابُ بِطَانَةِ الْإِمَامِ وَأَهْلِ مَشُورَتِهِ الْبِطَانَةُ الدُّخَلَاءُ :
(42) Chapter. The courtiers and advisers of the Imam (ruler).
42بَابُ كَيْفَ يُبَايِعُ الإِمَامُ النَّاسَ:
(43) Chapter. How do the people give the Baia (pledge) to the Imam (ruler).
43بَابُ مَنْ بَايَعَ مَرَّتَيْنِ:
(44) Chapter. Whosoever gave the Baia (pledge) twice.
44بَابُ بَيْعَةِ الأَعْرَابِ:
(45) Chapter. The giving of the Baia (pledge) by the bedouins.
45بَابُ بَيْعَةِ الصَّغِيرِ:
(46) Chapter. The Baia (pledge) of a child.
46بَابُ مَنْ بَايَعَ ثُمَّ اسْتَقَالَ الْبَيْعَةَ:
(47) Chapter. Whoever gave the Baia (pledge) and then cancelled it.
47بَابُ مَنْ بَايَعَ رَجُلاً لاَ يُبَايِعُهُ إِلاَّ لِلدُّنْيَا:
(48) Chapter. The person who gives the Baia (pledge) to a man just for worldly benefits.
48بَابُ بَيْعَةِ النِّسَاءِ:
(49) Chapter. The Baia (pledge) given by women.
49بَابُ مَنْ نَكَثَ بَيْعَةً:
(S0) Chapter. Whoever violates a Baia (pledge).
50بَابُ الاِسْتِخْلاَفِ:
(51) Chapter. The appointment of a caliph (to succeed another).
51بَابٌ:
(51b) Chapter.
52بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ الْخُصُومِ وَأَهْلِ الرِّيَبِ مِنَ الْبُيُوتِ بَعْدَ الْمَعْرِفَةِ:
(52) Chapter. The expulsion of quarrelsome people and people accused of something, from houses after having a firm proof against them.
53بَابُ هَلْ لِلإِمَامِ أَنْ يَمْنَعَ الْمُجْرِمِينَ وَأَهْلَ الْمَعْصِيَةِ مِنَ الْكَلاَمِ مَعَهُ وَالزِّيَارَةِ وَنَحْوِهِ:
(53) Chapter. Is it legal for the Imam to forbid the criminals and those who commit sin to talk to or visit him, etc.?
All Hadith in This Chapter
