صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
سورة النِّسَاءِ:
SURAT AN-NISA (The Women)
Hadith 4573
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامٌ ، عَنْ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا : "أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَانَتْ لَهُ يَتِيمَةٌ فَنَكَحَهَا ، وَكَانَ لَهَا عَذْقٌ ، وَكَانَ يُمْسِكُهَا عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهَا مِنْ نَفْسِهِ شَيْءٌ ، فَنَزَلَتْ فِيهِ : وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى سورة النساء آية 3 ، أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ : كَانَتْ شَرِيكَتَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَذْقِ وَفِي مَالِهِ " .
Narrated Aisha: There was an orphan (girl) under the care of a man. He married her and she owned a date palm (garden). He married her just because of that and not because he loved her. So the Divine Verse came regarding his case: "If you fear that you shall not be able to deal justly with the orphan girls..." (4.3) The sub-narrator added: I think he (i.e. another sub-narrator) said, "That orphan girl was his partner in that datepalm (garden) and in his property."
قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : يَسْتَنْكِفُ : يَسْتَكْبِرُ قِوَامًا قِوَامُكُمْ مِنْ مَعَايِشِكُمْ ، لَهُنَّ سَبِيلًا : يَعْنِي الرَّجْمَ لِلثَّيِّبِ ، وَالْجَلْدَ لِلْبِكْرِ " ، وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ : مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ : يَعْنِي اثْنَتَيْنِ ، وَثَلَاثًا ، وَأَرْبَعًا ، وَلَا تُجَاوِزُ الْعَرَبُ رُبَاعَ .
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said that (the verse of the Noble Qur’an) «يستنكف», is in the meaning of «يستكبر». «قواما» («قياما»), that is, upon which your livelihood is established. «لهن سبيلا» means stoning for the married person and lashes for the unmarried person (when they commit adultery). And other people have said that in the (Ayah) by «مثنى وثلاث ورباع» is meant two, two; three, three; and four, four. The people of Arabia do not go beyond this pattern in «رباع».
