صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب المزارعةThe Book of Cultivation and Agriculture
بَابُ الْمُزَارَعَةِ بِالشَّطْرِ وَنَحْوِهِ:
Chapter. Temporary share- cropping contract on the basis of dividing the yield into halves, one for each partner or on other basis.
Hadith 2328
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَخْبَرَهُ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " عَامَلَ خَيْبَرَ بِشَطْرِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِنْ ثَمَرٍ أَوْ زَرْعٍ ، فَكَانَ يُعْطِي أَزْوَاجَهُ مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ ، ثَمَانُونَ وَسْقَ تَمْرٍ ، وَعِشْرُونَ وَسْقَ شَعِيرٍ " ، فَقَسَمَ عُمَرُ خَيْبَرَ ، فَخَيَّرَ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُقْطِعَ لَهُنَّ مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَوْ يُمْضِيَ لَهُنَّ ، فَمِنْهُنَّ مَنِ اخْتَارَ الْأَرْضَ ، وَمِنْهُنَّ مَنِ اخْتَارَ الْوَسْقَ ، وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ اخْتَارَتِ الْأَرْضَ .
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: The Prophet concluded a contract with the people of Khaibar to utilize the land on the condition that half the products of fruits or vegetation would be their share. The Prophet used to give his wives one hundred Wasqs each, eighty Wasqs of dates and twenty Wasqs of barley. (When `Umar became the Caliph) he gave the wives of the Prophet the option of either having the land and water as their shares, or carrying on the previous practice. Some of them chose the land and some chose the Wasqs, and `Aisha chose the land.
وَقَالَ قَيْسُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ مَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِ هِجْرَةٍ إِلاَّ يَزْرَعُونَ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ. وَزَارَعَ عَلِيٌّ وَسَعْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَالْقَاسِمُ وَعُرْوَةُ وَآلُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَآلُ عُمَرَ وَآلُ عَلِيٍّ وَابْنُ سِيرِينَ . وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ كُنْتُ أُشَارِكُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ فِي الزَّرْعِ. وَعَامَلَ عُمَرُ النَّاسَ عَلَى إِنْ جَاءَ عُمَرُ بِالْبَذْرِ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَلَهُ الشَّطْرُ، وَإِنْ جَاءُوا بِالْبَذْرِ فَلَهُمْ كَذَا . وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الأَرْضُ لأَحَدِهِمَا فَيُنْفِقَانِ جَمِيعًا فَمَا خَرَجَ فَهْوَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَرَأَى ذَلِكَ الزُّهْرِيُّ . وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُجْتَنَى الْقُطْنُ عَلَى النِّصْفِ . وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَابْنُ سِيرِينَ وَعَطَاءٌ وَالْحَكَمُ وَالزُّهْرِيُّ وَقَتَادَةُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ الثَّوْبَ بِالثُّلُثِ أَوِ الرُّبُعِ وَنَحْوِهِ . وَقَالَ مَعْمَرٌ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْمَاشِيَةُ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى .
(This is permissible without hesitation) and Qais bin Muslim narrated, and from him Abu Ja'far narrated, that there was no house of the Muhajirun in Madinah that did not cultivate land on the basis of a third or a quarter share. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), Sa'd bin Malik, Abdullah bin Mas'ud, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Qasim, Urwah, the children of Abu Bakr, the children of Umar, the children of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and Ibn Sirin—all used to cultivate on the basis of sharecropping. And Abdur Rahman bin Aswad said that I used to be a partner in farming with Abdur Rahman bin Yazid, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made an agreement with the people for cultivation on the condition that if he (Umar) provided the seeds himself, then he would take half of the produce, and if the seeds belonged to those who worked, then they would own that portion of the produce. Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said that there is no harm if the land belongs to one person and both (the owner and the cultivator) share the expenses; then whatever is produced, they should divide it between them. Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) also gave the same fatwa. And Hasan said that if cotton is picked on the condition of taking half, there is no harm in it. Ibrahim, Ibn Sirin, Ata, Hakam, Zuhri, and Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on them) said that if thread is given to weavers on the basis of a third, a quarter, or similar partnership, there is no harm in it. Mu'ammar said that if an animal is given for a fixed period on the basis of a third or a quarter of its earnings, there is no objection to it.
Hadith 2328
وَقَالَ قَيْسُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ مَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَهْلُ بَيْتِ هِجْرَةٍ إِلاَّ يَزْرَعُونَ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ. وَزَارَعَ عَلِيٌّ وَسَعْدُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَالْقَاسِمُ وَعُرْوَةُ وَآلُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَآلُ عُمَرَ وَآلُ عَلِيٍّ وَابْنُ سِيرِينَ . وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الأَسْوَدِ كُنْتُ أُشَارِكُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ فِي الزَّرْعِ. وَعَامَلَ عُمَرُ النَّاسَ عَلَى إِنْ جَاءَ عُمَرُ بِالْبَذْرِ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَلَهُ الشَّطْرُ، وَإِنْ جَاءُوا بِالْبَذْرِ فَلَهُمْ كَذَا . وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الأَرْضُ لأَحَدِهِمَا فَيُنْفِقَانِ جَمِيعًا فَمَا خَرَجَ فَهْوَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَرَأَى ذَلِكَ الزُّهْرِيُّ . وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُجْتَنَى الْقُطْنُ عَلَى النِّصْفِ . وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ وَابْنُ سِيرِينَ وَعَطَاءٌ وَالْحَكَمُ وَالزُّهْرِيُّ وَقَتَادَةُ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ يُعْطِيَ الثَّوْبَ بِالثُّلُثِ أَوِ الرُّبُعِ وَنَحْوِهِ . وَقَالَ مَعْمَرٌ لاَ بَأْسَ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْمَاشِيَةُ عَلَى الثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى .
(This is permissible without hesitation) and Qais bin Muslim narrated, and from him Abu Ja'far narrated, that there was no house of the Muhajirun in Madinah that did not cultivate land on the basis of a third or a quarter share. Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), Sa'd bin Malik, Abdullah bin Mas'ud, Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Qasim, Urwah, the children of Abu Bakr, the children of Umar, the children of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), and Ibn Sirin—all used to cultivate on the basis of sharecropping. And Abdur Rahman bin Aswad said that I used to be a partner in farming with Abdur Rahman bin Yazid, and Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) made an agreement with the people for cultivation on the condition that if he (Umar) provided the seeds himself, then he would take half of the produce, and if the seeds belonged to those who worked, then they would own that portion of the produce. Hasan al-Basri (may Allah have mercy on him) said that there is no harm if the land belongs to one person and both (the owner and the cultivator) share the expenses; then whatever is produced, they should divide it between them. Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him) also gave the same fatwa. And Hasan said that if cotton is picked on the condition of taking half, there is no harm in it. Ibrahim, Ibn Sirin, Ata, Hakam, Zuhri, and Qatadah (may Allah have mercy on them) said that if thread is given to weavers on the basis of a third, a quarter, or similar partnership, there is no harm in it. Mu'ammar said that if an animal is given for a fixed period on the basis of a third or a quarter of its earnings, there is no objection to it.
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَخْبَرَهُ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " عَامَلَ خَيْبَرَ بِشَطْرِ مَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا مِنْ ثَمَرٍ أَوْ زَرْعٍ ، فَكَانَ يُعْطِي أَزْوَاجَهُ مِائَةَ وَسْقٍ ، ثَمَانُونَ وَسْقَ تَمْرٍ ، وَعِشْرُونَ وَسْقَ شَعِيرٍ " ، فَقَسَمَ عُمَرُ خَيْبَرَ ، فَخَيَّرَ أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُقْطِعَ لَهُنَّ مِنَ الْمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَوْ يُمْضِيَ لَهُنَّ ، فَمِنْهُنَّ مَنِ اخْتَارَ الْأَرْضَ ، وَمِنْهُنَّ مَنِ اخْتَارَ الْوَسْقَ ، وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ اخْتَارَتِ الْأَرْضَ .
Narrated `Abdullah bin `Umar: The Prophet concluded a contract with the people of Khaibar to utilize the land on the condition that half the products of fruits or vegetation would be their share. The Prophet used to give his wives one hundred Wasqs each, eighty Wasqs of dates and twenty Wasqs of barley. (When `Umar became the Caliph) he gave the wives of the Prophet the option of either having the land and water as their shares, or carrying on the previous practice. Some of them chose the land and some chose the Wasqs, and `Aisha chose the land.
