Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
That is, this is the Friday, the day whose veneration was made obligatory for the worship of Allah.
Qastallani rahimahullah has mentioned several traditions which prove that Musa alayhis salam had appointed a specific day for his community for the worship of Allah, and that day was Friday.
But due to disobedience, they inserted their own reasoning and abandoned it, saying that Saturday is the day in which Allah, after creating the entire universe, rested.
Therefore, it is appropriate for us to appoint Saturday as the day of worship. And the Christians said that on Sunday Allah began the creation of the creatures.
It is appropriate that we appoint this as our day of worship.
Thus, these people differed in this matter, and Allah explicitly informed us that Friday is indeed the best day.
It is narrated from Ibn Sirin that the people of Madinah, before the arrival of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and before Surah al-Jumu‘ah was revealed, gathered one day and said: The Jews and Christians have each appointed a day for gathering and worship, so why should we not also appoint a day for the worship of Allah?
So they appointed the day of ‘Arubah and made As‘ad ibn Zurara the imam and performed Jumu‘ah.
On that day, this verse was revealed:
﴿يٰآيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ﴾ (al-Jumu‘ah: 9)
This has been transmitted by Allamah Ibn Hajar rahimahullah from ‘Abd al-Razzaq with a sound chain, and he has said that its corroborating narration has been recorded by Ahmad, Abu Dawud, and Ibn Majah with a hasan chain.
Our teacher, Mawlana Hadhrat Muhaddith ‘Abd al-Rahman Mubarakpuri rahimahullah, says:
“Sumiyat al-jumu‘atu li-ijtima‘i al-nasi fiha wa kana yawm al-jumu‘ati yusamma al-‘arubah.”
That is, it was named Jumu‘ah because people gather in it, and in the era of ignorance, its name was Yawm al-‘Arubah.
Regarding this virtue, Imam Tirmidhi rahimahullah has brought this hadith:
From Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, who said: “The best day on which the sun rises is Friday; on it Adam was created, on it he was admitted to Paradise, on it he was expelled from it, and the Hour will not be established except on Friday.”
That is, the best day among all days on which the sun rises is Friday.
On this day Adam was created, and on this day he was admitted to Paradise, and on this day he was expelled from Paradise, and the Resurrection will also be established on this day.
Independent books have been written on the virtues of Friday; it is the weekly Eid of this Ummah.
But it is a matter of great regret that those individuals who initiated the movement to discontinue Jumu‘ah in the villages have caused so many Muslims in the villages to become so heedless of Jumu‘ah that they do not even know that today is Friday.
The responsibility for this lies upon those scholars.
If only these people would review the current circumstances and consider the interests of the Ummah.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
It is Imam Bukhari rahimahullah’s habit that where narrations differ or there is a disagreement among the Imams regarding an issue, instead of issuing a ruling, he indicates towards the difference by using the word "hal" (is it...?). Thus, regarding the ritual bath (ghusl) on Friday, there are various types of narrations:
One narration is that on Friday, it is obligatory for every adult to perform the ritual bath, whether he prays or not.
Another narration indicates that the Friday ritual bath is only for the one who attends the prayer, whoever he may be.
There is a contradiction in the generality of these two narrations.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has indicated towards this contradiction by using the word "hal".
Then, based on the difference in narrations, there is also a disagreement as to whether this ritual bath is for the Friday prayer or for the day of Friday itself.
Then, there is a third narration as well, from which it is understood that one must perform a ritual bath at least one day in the week, as if there are three separate types of ritual baths:
* For the Friday prayer.
* For the day of Friday.
* The ritual bath of cleanliness (ghusl al-nazafah) which is to be performed once a week.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah, representing Imam Bukhari, has written:
The words of the hadith of Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu are that it is obligatory for every Muslim to perform the ritual bath on the day of Friday; this ruling includes men and women, children and slaves—in short, everyone. But in the hadith of Ibn Umar, there is the condition that whoever comes for Friday (prayer) should perform the ritual bath.
From this, it is understood that for one who is not required to come for Friday, it is not obligatory to perform the ritual bath.
Then, in the hadith of Abu Sa'id, there is the condition of being an adult.
From this, the non-obligation of the ritual bath for non-adults is established.
From this detail, it becomes clear why Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has mentioned the aforementioned ahadith under this heading.
(2)
In the hadith of Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, it is stated that every Muslim must perform a ritual bath at least one day in every seven days.
In this hadith, no specific day is determined, whereas in the Sunan of al-Nasa'i, in the hadith narrated from Jabir radi Allahu anhu, it is clarified that a Muslim must perform the ritual bath on the day of Friday every week. Likewise, Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah has narrated a hadith from al-Bara' ibn Azib radi Allahu anhu, the words of which are that a Muslim must perform the ritual bath on the day of Friday.
Imam Tahawi rahimahullah has narrated a similar hadith from an Ansari.
From all these narrations, it is understood that the ahadith in which the ritual bath is mentioned in absolute terms, what is meant by them is the day of Friday.
(Fath al-Bari: 2/492)