صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنةThe Book of Holding Fast To The Qur’An and The Sunna
بَابُ مَا ذَكَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَحَضَّ عَلَى اتِّفَاقِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ:Chapter. The Prophet (p.b.u.h.) mentioned and recommended that the religious learned men should not differ. What common opinions the people of the two Haram (sanctuaries) of Makkah and Al-Madina had.
Hadith 7323
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : " كُنْتُ أُقْرِئُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ آخِرُ حَجَّةٍ حَجَّهَا عُمَرُ ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ : بِمِنًى لَوْ شَهِدْتَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ ، قَالَ : إِنَّ فُلَانًا ، يَقُولُ : لَوْ مَاتَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَبَايَعْنَا فُلَانًا ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : لَأَقُومَنَّ الْعَشِيَّةَ ، فَأُحَذِّرَ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطَ الَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَغْصِبُوهُمْ ، قُلْتُ : لَا تَفْعَلْ فَإِنَّ الْمَوْسِمَ يَجْمَعُ رَعَاعَ النَّاسِ يَغْلِبُونَ عَلَى مَجْلِسِكَ فَأَخَافُ أَنْ لَا يُنْزِلُوهَا عَلَى وَجْهِهَا ، فَيُطِيرُ بِهَا كُلُّ مُطِيرٍ ، فَأَمْهِلْ حَتَّى تَقْدَمَ الْمَدِينَةَ دَارَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَدَارَ السُّنَّةِ ، فَتَخْلُصَ بِأَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ ، وَالْأَنْصَارِ فَيَحْفَظُوا مَقَالَتَكَ وَيُنْزِلُوهَا عَلَى وَجْهِهَا ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَأَقُومَنَّ بِهِ فِي أَوَّلِ مَقَامٍ أَقُومُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : فَقَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابَ فَكَانَ فِيمَا أُنْزِلَ آيَةُ الرَّجْمِ " .
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: I used to teach Qur'an to 'Abdur-Rahman bin Auf. When Umar performed his last Hajj, 'Abdur-Rahman said (to me) at Mina, "Would that you had seen Chief of the believers today! A man came to him and said, "So-and-so has said, "If Chief of the Believers died, we will give the oath of allegiance to such-and-such person,' 'Umar said, 'I will get up tonight and warn those who want to usurp the people's rights.' I said, 'Do not do so, for the season (of Hajj) gathers the riffraff mob who will form the majority of your audience, and I am afraid that they will not understand (the meaning of) your saying properly and may spread (an incorrect statement) everywhere. You should wait till we reach Medina, the place of migration and the place of the Sunna (the Prophet's Traditions). There you will meet the companions of Allah's Apostle from the Muhajirin and the Ansar who will understand your statement and place it in its proper position' 'Umar said, 'By Allah, I shall do so the first time I stand (to address the people) in Medina.' When we reached Medina, 'Umar (in a Friday Khutba-sermon) said, "No doubt, Allah sent Muhammad with the Truth and revealed to him the Book (Quran), and among what was revealed, was the Verse of Ar-Rajm (stoning adulterers to death).'" (See Hadith No. 817,Vol. 8)
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The meaning of the statement of Umar radi Allahu anhu regarding the caliphate was that the right to express an opinion in the matter of the caliphate belongs to all Muslims.
Therefore, whoever the majority of people agree upon, allegiance (bay‘ah) should be given to him.
Thus, it is incorrect to say that we will give allegiance to so-and-so.
Giving allegiance is not a game or amusement; it is the right of the majority of Muslims.
The selection of the Caliph of the Muslims is not a trivial matter.
The relevance of this narration to the chapter is that it mentions the virtue of Madinah, that it is the abode of the Sunnah.
It is the home of the Book and the Sunnah, so the consensus (ijma‘) of the scholars of that place will be more authoritative compared to other cities.
Hafiz said that there is also a difference of opinion regarding whether the consensus of the Companions is a proof (hujjah) or not.
The meaning of the statement of Umar radi Allahu anhu regarding the caliphate was that the right to express an opinion in the matter of the caliphate belongs to all Muslims.
Therefore, whoever the majority of people agree upon, allegiance (bay‘ah) should be given to him.
Thus, it is incorrect to say that we will give allegiance to so-and-so.
Giving allegiance is not a game or amusement; it is the right of the majority of Muslims.
The selection of the Caliph of the Muslims is not a trivial matter.
The relevance of this narration to the chapter is that it mentions the virtue of Madinah, that it is the abode of the Sunnah.
It is the home of the Book and the Sunnah, so the consensus (ijma‘) of the scholars of that place will be more authoritative compared to other cities.
Hafiz said that there is also a difference of opinion regarding whether the consensus of the Companions is a proof (hujjah) or not.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 7323
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has narrated the mentioned hadith here in a very concise manner; the detailed hadith has already been mentioned earlier.
(Hadith: 6830)
The intent of Umar radi Allahu anhu was that the right to express an opinion regarding the matter of caliphate belongs to all Muslims, and whoever the Muslims choose, allegiance (bay‘ah) should be given to him. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that after the death of so-and-so, we will give allegiance to so-and-so.
The selection of a caliph is not a child’s play; rather, it is a collective right of the Muslims.
In this hadith, the virtue of Madinah Tayyibah is mentioned, that it is the home of the Book and the Sunnah.
In one narration, the people of Madinah at that time are praised in these words: that there will be intelligent, understanding, wise, insightful, and knowledgeable people of virtue there.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Manaqib al-Ansar, Hadith: 3928)
➋
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah wants to establish from this that the consensus (ijma‘) of the scholars of the Two Sanctuaries (Haramayn) is more authoritative than the consensus of the scholars of other cities.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah has written that after the Companions (Sahabah) radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in, if the people of Madinah agree upon an issue, then their opinion will carry more weight compared to others. However, if the consensus is against an explicit text (nass sariḥ), then it holds no value.
(Fath al-Bari: 13/375)
➊
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has narrated the mentioned hadith here in a very concise manner; the detailed hadith has already been mentioned earlier.
(Hadith: 6830)
The intent of Umar radi Allahu anhu was that the right to express an opinion regarding the matter of caliphate belongs to all Muslims, and whoever the Muslims choose, allegiance (bay‘ah) should be given to him. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that after the death of so-and-so, we will give allegiance to so-and-so.
The selection of a caliph is not a child’s play; rather, it is a collective right of the Muslims.
In this hadith, the virtue of Madinah Tayyibah is mentioned, that it is the home of the Book and the Sunnah.
In one narration, the people of Madinah at that time are praised in these words: that there will be intelligent, understanding, wise, insightful, and knowledgeable people of virtue there.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Manaqib al-Ansar, Hadith: 3928)
➋
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah wants to establish from this that the consensus (ijma‘) of the scholars of the Two Sanctuaries (Haramayn) is more authoritative than the consensus of the scholars of other cities.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah has written that after the Companions (Sahabah) radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in, if the people of Madinah agree upon an issue, then their opinion will carry more weight compared to others. However, if the consensus is against an explicit text (nass sariḥ), then it holds no value.
(Fath al-Bari: 13/375)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 7323
