Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
In this chapter, explicit ahadith have been narrated, but perhaps Imam Bukhari rahimahullah could not include them due to not meeting his conditions.
Imam Muslim, Abu Dawud, and Tirmidhi have narrated from Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu:
The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, “Whoever calls towards misguidance, upon him is its sin and the sin of those who act upon it will continue to be upon him. The sin of those who act will not be lessened in any way.”
And Imam Muslim has narrated from Jarir bin Abdullah al-Bajali radi Allahu anhu that: “Whoever establishes an evil practice in Islam, upon him is its burden and the burden of those who act upon it will continue to be upon him. The burden of those who act will not be lessened in any way.”
Conclusion: All praise is due to Allah, that after writing and revising three times, I have completed this great service for the 29th juz.
With what face can I thank Allah the Exalted, that solely by His enabling and assistance, this juz has reached completion.
This juz includes important books such as Kitab al-Fitan, Kitab al-Ahkam, Kitab Akhbar al-Ahad, and Kitab al-I'tisam bil-Kitab wa al-Sunnah, whose intricate issues require much explanation.
Whatever I have written is but a drop of water compared to the ocean.
As with the previous ajza’, much deliberation has been given to the translation and commentary.
If experts in the science of hadith still perceive any deficiency anywhere, then kindly inform me of the deficiency and I will be grateful.
Allah will reward them with goodness.
I repeatedly supplicate to Allah the Exalted that He grant forgiveness for slips and pardon mistakes, and accept this service and grant it widespread acceptance.
Amin.
O Allah! Accept this service of the hadith of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and make it a means of salvation in both worlds for me, my parents, my children, my teachers, and all the noble assistants, and accept it as ongoing charity for all our elders as well, and on the Day of Resurrection grant us all a place in the company of the Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Amin.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
The name of the first son of Prophet Adam alayhis salam was Qabil, who killed his brother Habil without any reason. This was the very first unjust killing on earth; therefore, until the Day of Judgment, for every unjust killing that occurs, a portion of its sin will continue to be entered into his record of deeds.

2.
There are explicit ahadith corresponding to this topic, but Imam Bukhari rahimahullah, due to them not meeting his conditions, could not include them; however, he has alluded to them in the chapter heading. Those ahadith are as follows:
a.
Hazrat Jarir bin Abdullah Bajali radi Allahu anhu reports that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“Whoever introduces an evil practice in Islam, upon him is its burden and the burden of those who act upon it. The burden of those who act upon it will not be lessened in any way.”
(Sahih Muslim, Zakat, Hadith: 2351(1017))

b.
It is narrated from Hazrat Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, who said that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“Whoever calls to misguidance, upon him is its burden and the burden of those who act upon it. The burden of those who act upon it will not be lessened in any way.”
(Sahih Muslim, Knowledge, Hadith: 6804(2674))

Hadith Commentary:
The unlawful shedding of human blood has been declared a grave crime in the laws of all the Prophets. Regardless of which nation, religion, or race a person belongs to, his unlawful killing is considered a major sin in every divine law, and especially in Islamic law (Shari‘ah).
It is astonishing regarding those opponents of Islam who, despite these clear explanations, accuse Islam of unjust bloodshed.
If any Muslim, whether individually or collectively, commits this crime, he alone is responsible for it.
In the view of Islam, he is a severe criminal.
Since Qabil (Cain) was the first to take this path of crime, now whoever adopts this path, the sin of it will also be equally placed upon Qabil. This is the principle for every good and evil deed.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
The first unjust killing committed by the son of Adam (alayhis salam) is mentioned in the Noble Qur’an ().
In any case, the unlawful shedding of human blood has been declared a grave crime in the laws of all the Prophets (alayhimus salam).
If any Muslim, individually or collectively, commits this crime, he himself is responsible for it.
In the view of Islam, he is a severe criminal. Since Qabil (Cain) was the first to take this path, therefore, whoever adopts this path after him, his sin will also be attributed to Qabil, and he will certainly receive his share.
This is the principle for every good and evil deed.
2.
It should be clear that on the Day of Resurrection, those who will face various punishments will have two fundamental reasons for them as follows:
(a)
The initiation of the crime.
(b)
The commission of the crime.
The share that Qabil, the son of Adam (alayhis salam), will receive from the unjust killing will be due to the initiation of the crime.
It will not be on the basis of the commission of the crime. Therefore, this punishment is not contrary to the following noble verse:
﴿وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۚ﴾ “No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another.” ()
“On the Day of Resurrection, whoever does (a deed) will bear its burden.”
And Allah is the One whose help is sought.

Hadith Commentary:
Because he established the foundation of unlawful bloodshed in the world, and whoever establishes an evil way, then until the Day of Judgment, whoever continues to act upon it, a portion of that sin will continue to fall upon the one who established it. As is mentioned in another hadith, this will also be the case for those who invent innovations (bid‘ah); a share of the sin of those who act upon them will be upon the originators.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In one narration, there is further clarification that the first son of Adam laid the foundation for unlawful killing in the world.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Ahadith al-Anbiya, Hadith: 3335)
The name of the son who committed the murder was Qabil, and the name of the one who was killed was Habil.
Both of them presented their sacrifices before Allah, and the sacrifice of Qabil was consumed by a heavenly fire, but Habil's sacrifice was not accepted, so the fire did not consume it. Because of this, in anger, he killed his brother.
Allah, the Exalted, has detailed this incident in the Noble Qur'an.
(al-Ma'idah: 5:27–31)
(2)
Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah has established a chapter heading for this hadith in these words:
(Bab Ithm man da'a ila dalalah.....)
"The sin of one who calls to misguidance."
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-I'tisam, Chapter: 15)
It is mentioned in the hadith:
"Whoever invents an evil way, then until the Day of Resurrection, whoever acts upon it, a portion of their sin will be given to the one who invented it."
(Sahih Muslim, al-Qasamah, Hadith: 2351(1017))
This is in the case when he does not repent.
If he repents from his sin, then he will not receive a share of the sins of others.
(Fath al-Bari: 12/240)
And Allah knows best.

Explanation:
1:
From this, it is understood how grave a crime it is to initiate actions that are contrary to the Shariah and evil deeds, which others may later imitate. The sin of that evil act will continue to be recorded against the initiator until the Day of Judgment. Therefore, in order to lead a life of peace and safety, it is necessary to follow and adhere to the Book and the Sunnah, and to avoid innovations (bid‘ah) and superstitions.

Commentary:
Qabil unjustly killed his brother Habil, and this was the first murder in the world. Before this, such an act had not occurred. In other words, the introduction of murder happened due to Qabil. Now, every murderer is his follower; therefore, he has a share in every murder. Necessarily, he will also have a share in the sin, although this will not reduce the sin of the murderer in any way, because the sin and punishment for the act of murder belong to the murderer, and for Qabil, it is for establishing the precedent of murder. Both are separate crimes.

Benefits and Issues:
(1)
To invent any method of oppression is a cause of great loss.

(2)
When, upon seeing a person committing a sin or due to his encouragement, others also commit that sin, then the responsibility for their sins is also placed upon the first person. However, this does not reduce the abhorrence or punishment of the sin for those who follow after.

Hadith Authentication (Takhrij al-Hadith):
[صحيح بخاري 3335],
[صحيح مسلم 4379]

Jurisprudence of the Hadith (Fiqh al-Hadith):
➊ Whoever invents and spreads an evil or sinful way among the people, he will also bear the burden of the sins of those who act upon it.
➋ It is said that Qabil, the son of Adam alayhis salam, killed Habil. The story of these two brothers, without specifying their names, is also present in the Noble Qur'an. See: [المائده : 27 - 31]