صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنةThe Book of Holding Fast To The Qur’An and The Sunna
بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ التَّعَمُّقِ وَالتَّنَازُعِ فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْغُلُوِّ فِي الدِّينِ وَالْبِدَعِ:Chapter. What is disliked of going deeply into and arguing about (religious) knowledge, and exaggerating in matter of religion, and of inventing heresies.
Hadith 7305
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، قال : أخبرني مالك بن أوس النصري ، وكان محمد بن جبير بن مطعم ذكر لي ذِكْرًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ ؟ ، فَقَالَ : انْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى أَدْخُلَ عَلَى عُمَرَ أَتَاهُ حَاجِبُهُ يَرْفَأُ ، فَقَالَ : هَلْ لَكَ فِي عُثْمَانَ ، وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، وَالزُّبَيْرِ ، وَسَعْدٍ يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، فَدَخَلُوا ، فَسَلَّمُوا وَجَلَسُوا فَقَالَ : هَلْ لَكَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمَا ، قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ : " يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ الظَّالِمِ اسْتَبَّا ، فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ عُثْمَانُ وَأَصْحَابُهُ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَرِحْ أَحَدَهُمَا مِنَ الْآخَرِ ، فَقَالَ : اتَّئِدُوا أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ ، يُرِيدُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَفْسَهُ ، قَالَ الرَّهْطُ : قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ ، فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَرُ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ، وَعَبَّاسٍ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ : قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : فَإِنِّي مُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ خَصَّ رَسُولَهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا غَيْرَهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ : وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ سورة الحشر آية 6 ، فَكَانَتْ هَذِهِ خَالِصَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ وَاللَّهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَكُمْ وَلَا اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ وَقَدْ أَعْطَاكُمُوهَا وَبَثَّهَا فِيكُمْ حَتَّى بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةَ سَنَتِهِمْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ مَا بَقِيَ ، فَيَجْعَلُهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللَّهِ ، فَعَمِلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِذَلِكَ حَيَاتَهُ ، أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ تَعْلَمُونَ ذَلِكَ ؟ ، فَقَالُوا : نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ وَعَبَّاسٍ : أَنْشُدُكُمَا اللَّهَ هَلْ تَعْلَمَانِ ذَلِكَ ؟ ، قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَبَضَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَعَمِلَ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنْتُمَا حِينَئِذٍ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ، وَعَبَّاسٍ تَزْعُمَانِ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِيهَا كَذَا وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ فِيهَا صَادِقٌ بَارٌّ رَاشِدٌ تَابِعٌ لِلْحَقِّ ثُمَّ تَوَفَّى اللَّهُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَقَبَضْتُهَا سَنَتَيْنِ أَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ جِئْتُمَانِي وَكَلِمَتُكُمَا عَلَى كَلِمَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَأَمْرُكُمَا جَمِيعٌ جِئْتَنِي تَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَكَ مِنَ ابْنِ أَخِيكِ وَأَتَانِي هَذَا يَسْأَلُنِي نَصِيبَ امْرَأَتِهِ مِنْ أَبِيهَا ، فَقُلْتُ : إِنْ شِئْتُمَا دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا عَلَى أَنَّ عَلَيْكُمَا عَهْدَ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقَهُ لَتَعْمَلَانِ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَبِمَا عَمِلْتُ فِيهَا مُنْذُ وَلِيتُهَا وَإِلَّا فَلَا تُكَلِّمَانِي فِيهَا فَقُلْتُمَا ادْفَعْهَا إِلَيْنَا بِذَلِكَ ، فَدَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا بِذَلِكَ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ ؟ ، قَالَ الرَّهْطُ : نَعَمْ ، فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ، وَعَبَّاسٍ ، فَقَالَ : أَنْشُدُكُمَا بِاللَّهِ هَلْ دَفَعْتُهَا إِلَيْكُمَا بِذَلِكَ ؟ ، قَالَا : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : أَفَتَلْتَمِسَانِ مِنِّي قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَوَالَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ لَا أَقْضِي فِيهَا قَضَاءً غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَقُومَ السَّاعَةُ فَإِنْ عَجَزْتُمَا عَنْهَا ، فَادْفَعَاهَا إِلَيَّ فَأَنَا أَكْفِيكُمَاهَا " .
Narrated Malik bin Aus An-Nasri: I proceeded till I entered upon `Umar (and while I was sitting there), his gate-keeper Yarfa came to him and said, " `Uthman, `Abdur-Rahman, Az-Zubair and Sa`d ask your permission to come in." `Umar allowed them. So they entered, greeted, and sat down. (After a while the gatekeeper came) and said, "Shall I admit `Ali and `Abbas?'' `Umar allowed them to enter. Al-`Abbas said "O Chief of the believers! Judge between me and the oppressor (`Ali)." Then there was a dispute (regarding the property of Bani Nadir) between them (`Abbas and `Ali). `Uthman and his companions said, "O Chief of the Believers! Judge between them and relieve one from the other." `Umar said, "Be patient! beseech you by Allah, with Whose permission the Heaven and the Earth Exist! Do you know that Allah's Apostle said, 'Our property is not to be inherited, and whatever we leave is to be given in charity,' and by this Allah's Apostle meant himself?" On that the group said, "He verily said so." `Umar then faced `Ali and `Abbas and said, "I beseech you both by Allah, do you both know that Allah's Apostle said so?" They both replied, "Yes". `Umar then said, "Now I am talking to you about this matter (in detail) . Allah favored Allah's Apostle with some of this wealth which He did not give to anybody else, as Allah said: 'What Allah bestowed as Fai (Booty on His Apostle for which you made no expedition... ' (59.6) So that property was totally meant for Allah's Apostle, yet he did not collect it and ignore you, nor did he withhold it with your exclusion, but he gave it to you and distributed it among you till this much of it was left behind, and the Prophet, used to spend of this as the yearly expenditures of his family and then take what remained of it and spent it as he did with (other) Allah's wealth. The Prophet did so during all his lifetime, and I beseech you by Allah, do you know that?" They replied, "Yes." `Umar then addressed `Ali and `Abbas, saying, "I beseech you both by Allah, do you know that?" Both of them replied, "Yes." `Umar added, "Then Allah took His Apostle unto Him. Abu Bakr then said 'I am the successor of Allah's Apostle' and took over all the Prophet's property and disposed of it in the same way as Allah's Apostle used to do, and you were present then." Then he turned to `Ali and `Abbas and said, "You both claim that Abu Bakr did so-and-so in managing the property, but Allah knows that Abu Bakr was honest, righteous, intelligent, and a follower of what is right in managing it. Then Allah took Abu Bakr unto Him, 'I said: I am the successor of Allah's Apostle and Abu Bakr.' So I took over the property for two years and managed it in the same way as Allah's Apostle, and Abu Bakr used to do. Then you both (`Ali and `Abbas) came to me and asked for the same thing! (O `Abbas! You came to me to ask me for your share from nephew's property; and this (`Ali) came to me asking for his wives share from her father's property, and I said to you both, 'If you wish, I will place it in your custody on condition that you both will manage it in the same way as Allah's Apostle and Abu Bakr did and as I have been doing since I took charge of managing it; otherwise, do not speak to me anymore about it.' Then you both said, 'Give it to us on that (condition).' So I gave it to you on that condition. Now I beseech you by Allah, did I not give it to them on that condition?" The group (whom he had been addressing) replied, "Yes." `Umar then addressed `Abbas and `Ali saying, "I beseech you both by Allah, didn't I give you all that property on that condition?" They said, "Yes." `Umar then said, "Are you now seeking a verdict from me other than that? By Him with Whose Permission the Heaven and the Earth exists I will not give any verdict other than that till the Hour is established; and if you both are unable to manage this property, then you can hand it back to me, and I will be sufficient for it on your behalf." (See, Hadith No. 326, Vol. 4)
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The relevance of the chapter heading is as follows: Hazrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) and his companions considered the dispute and disagreement between Ali and Abbas (radi Allahu anhuma) to be objectionable.
Therefore, they said to Hazrat Umar (radi Allahu anhu), "Settle the matter between the two of them and give them relief."
The relevance of the chapter heading is as follows: Hazrat Uthman (radi Allahu anhu) and his companions considered the dispute and disagreement between Ali and Abbas (radi Allahu anhuma) to be objectionable.
Therefore, they said to Hazrat Umar (radi Allahu anhu), "Settle the matter between the two of them and give them relief."
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 7305
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu was the real uncle of Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu, and a nephew is like a son. Therefore, if he called Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu a "zalim" (wrongdoer), there is nothing objectionable in this, because bitter words can occur between a father and son. However, it is not permissible for anyone else to say such a thing.
It is possible that the word was not intended in its real sense, but rather used in its linguistic meaning—that is, to place something somewhere other than its proper place—because it is impossible to say, regarding Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu, that he was truly a wrongdoer.
This can also be interpreted as Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu having said it as a form of reprimand.
This is why the Companions radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in present there, and Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu himself, did not consider it objectionable or take notice of it, even though he used to consider objectionable things very seriously.
2.
The relevance of this hadith to the chapter heading is as follows: Hazrat Uthman radi Allahu anhu and his companions did not consider the dispute and disagreement between Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu to be good; that is why, unanimously, they said to Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu:
You should decide between the two and bring them relief.
These people are greatly distressed because of this dispute.
Their dispute was unnecessary.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established this very point from this hadith; other discussions have already passed, and we do not wish to repeat them.
1.
Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu was the real uncle of Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu, and a nephew is like a son. Therefore, if he called Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu a "zalim" (wrongdoer), there is nothing objectionable in this, because bitter words can occur between a father and son. However, it is not permissible for anyone else to say such a thing.
It is possible that the word was not intended in its real sense, but rather used in its linguistic meaning—that is, to place something somewhere other than its proper place—because it is impossible to say, regarding Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu, that he was truly a wrongdoer.
This can also be interpreted as Hazrat Abbas radi Allahu anhu having said it as a form of reprimand.
This is why the Companions radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in present there, and Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu himself, did not consider it objectionable or take notice of it, even though he used to consider objectionable things very seriously.
2.
The relevance of this hadith to the chapter heading is as follows: Hazrat Uthman radi Allahu anhu and his companions did not consider the dispute and disagreement between Sayyiduna Ali radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Abbas radi Allahu anhu to be good; that is why, unanimously, they said to Hazrat Umar radi Allahu anhu:
You should decide between the two and bring them relief.
These people are greatly distressed because of this dispute.
Their dispute was unnecessary.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established this very point from this hadith; other discussions have already passed, and we do not wish to repeat them.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 7305
