Bukhari

Hadith Commentary:
In the Battle of Uhud, the accursed Iblis deceived the Muslims; those coming from behind were actually Muslims, but he made those in front fear them by presenting them as disbelievers. In the confusion, they turned upon their own people and martyred Hudhayfah’s father, Yaman.

The relevance of this narration to the chapter is as follows: ‘A’ishah (radi Allahu anha) swore an oath and said so.

Some have explained the relevance as being that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not say anything to those Muslims who, by mistake, killed Hudhayfah’s father. Thus, if someone breaks an oath by mistake or forgetfulness, expiation (kaffarah) is not obligatory.

Hudhayfah (radi Allahu anhu) was called the special confidant of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).

He passed away in Mada’in forty days after the martyrdom of ‘Uthman, in the year 35 AH. Radi Allahu anhu wa ardah.

In one narration, the phrase “baqiyyat khayr” (remained of goodness) is mentioned, so the translation would be that the effect of that goodness and blessing remained with Hudhayfah until his death—that is, the effect of the supplication he made for the Muslims, “May Allah forgive you.” The relevance of this narration to the chapter is as follows: ‘A’ishah (radi Allahu anha) swore an oath and said, “Fawallahi ma zalat fi Hudhayfah.”

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In one narration, the words "baqiyyatu khayr" are mentioned.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Maghazi, Hadith: 4065)
According to this narration, the translation will be as follows:
The effect of the goodness and blessing of that supplication remained with Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu until his death, which he had made at that time for the killers of his father, that may Allah forgive you.
(Fath al-Bari: 11/674) (2)
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not say anything to those people who, out of forgetfulness and ignorance, mistakenly martyred the father of Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu.
Similarly, if a person breaks his oath out of forgetfulness or error, then expiation (kaffarah) will not be obligatory upon him.
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary:
When the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) came to know, he went to arrange the blood money (diyah) of Hudhayfah's (radi Allahu anhu) father for him. But Hudhayfah (radi Allahu anhu) also forgave that for the Muslims. Subhan Allah! Every single good deed of the Companions (radi Allahu anhum) holds more virtue than a lifetime of our worship.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
The objective of the accursed Iblis was to mislead the Muslims by creating a misunderstanding among them so that they would fight each other. Thus, those who came later attacked those who came earlier, considering them to be polytheists, and they became entangled with one another. As a result of this chaos, Hudhayfah’s (radi Allahu anhu) father, Yaman (radi Allahu anhu), was killed.

2.
In any case, this was a deception of Iblis in which he succeeded, as it was an intense battle. The Muslims fell victim to misunderstanding, and due to this mistake, the respected father of Hudhayfah (radi Allahu anhu) was killed. Hudhayfah (radi Allahu anhu) forgave his father’s killers and always prayed and sought forgiveness for them. If it had been someone like us, we would have caused an uproar in such a situation, but this was the greatness of the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) that even in difficult circumstances, they did not lose self-control.

May Allah be pleased with them all.

Radi Allahu anhum ajma‘een.

Hadith Commentary:
This demonstrates their patience, steadfastness, and insight.
Due to misunderstanding, a person can end up doing all sorts of things.
That is why Allah has commanded that one should not believe every piece of news that is heard until its authenticity has been verified.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
It is possible that Iblis called out to the polytheists, telling them to attack their own people who had become Muslims, but this caused the Muslims to fall into misunderstanding.
Since it was an intense battle, and in the confusion, the respected father of Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu, Hazrat Yaman radi Allahu anhu, was martyred at the hands of the Muslims by mistake. The one who killed him was Uqbah ibn Mas’ud radi Allahu anhu. Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu forgave him and continued to pray and seek forgiveness for his father’s killer.

➋
From this hadith, we learn of Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu’s patience, steadfastness, and his wisdom and insight.

➌
A person can do all sorts of things due to misunderstanding; therefore, it is commanded that one should not believe every piece of hearsay until it has been verified.