صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الأيمان والنذورThe Book of Oaths and Vows
بَابُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {لاَ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا عَقَّدْتُمُ الأَيْمَانَ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةُ أَيْمَانِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ وَاحْفَظُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ آيَاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ} :Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths; for its expiation (a deliberate oath) feed ten poor persons, on a scale of the average of that with which you feed your own families; or clothe them; or manumit a slave. But whosoever cannot afford (that), then he should fast for three days. That is the expiation for the oath when you have sworn. And protect your oaths (i.e., do not swear much). Thus Allah make clear to you His Ayat (proofs, evidances, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) that you may be grateful." (V.5:89)
Hadith 6621
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُقَاتِلٍ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَحْنَثُ فِي يَمِينٍ قَطُّ، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ كَفَّارَةَ الْيَمِينِ وَقَالَ لاَ أَحْلِفُ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَيْتُ غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا، إِلاَّ أَتَيْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ، وَكَفَّرْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِي.
Narrated `Aisha: Abu Bakr As-Siddiq had never broken his oaths till Allah revealed the expiation for the oaths. Then he said, "If I take an oath to do something and later on I find something else better than the first one, then I do what is better and make expiation for my oath."
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
According to one narration, the beginning of this hadith is as follows: Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha states that by "vain oaths" (laghw qasms) are meant those oaths which a person utters as a habitual expression in speech, such as "No, by Allah" (la wallah) and "Yes, by Allah" (bala wallah).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Tafsir, Hadith: 4613) (2)
The purpose of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah is that there is no expiation (kaffarah) for such vain oaths, as the Noble Qur'an has explicitly stated this.
When Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha was slandered, among those who accused her was Hazrat Mistah, whom Hazrat Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu used to support financially.
Out of a sense of honor, he swore that he would never spend anything on him again.
Upon this, Allah the Exalted revealed this verse:
"And let not those among you who possess virtue and wealth swear not to give to their relatives, the needy, and those who have emigrated in the way of Allah; let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?" (al-Nur: 22/24)
After the revelation of this verse, Hazrat Abu Bakr al-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu immediately submitted to this command and began to help him even more than before.
(Fath al-Bari: 11/631)
Perhaps Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has alluded to that narration in which the explanation of "vain oath" (yamin laghw) is given.
And Allah knows best.
(1)
According to one narration, the beginning of this hadith is as follows: Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha states that by "vain oaths" (laghw qasms) are meant those oaths which a person utters as a habitual expression in speech, such as "No, by Allah" (la wallah) and "Yes, by Allah" (bala wallah).
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Tafsir, Hadith: 4613) (2)
The purpose of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah is that there is no expiation (kaffarah) for such vain oaths, as the Noble Qur'an has explicitly stated this.
When Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha was slandered, among those who accused her was Hazrat Mistah, whom Hazrat Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu used to support financially.
Out of a sense of honor, he swore that he would never spend anything on him again.
Upon this, Allah the Exalted revealed this verse:
"And let not those among you who possess virtue and wealth swear not to give to their relatives, the needy, and those who have emigrated in the way of Allah; let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?" (al-Nur: 22/24)
After the revelation of this verse, Hazrat Abu Bakr al-Siddiq radi Allahu anhu immediately submitted to this command and began to help him even more than before.
(Fath al-Bari: 11/631)
Perhaps Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has alluded to that narration in which the explanation of "vain oath" (yamin laghw) is given.
And Allah knows best.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 6621
