Bukhari

Hadith Authentication (Takhrij al-Hadith):
[133۔ البخاري فى : 81 كتاب الرقاق : باب قوله عز وجل إن زلزلة الساعة شيئ عظيم 3348، مسلم 222]

Linguistic Explanation:
«بَعْثَ النَّار» Those people who will be sent to Hell.
«يَشِيْبُ الصَّغِيْرُ» Children will become old; this is an allusion to the statement of Allah Ta'ala «فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُوْنَ إِنْ كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيْبًا» [المزمل : 17] "If you disbelieve, then how will you protect yourselves on a Day which will turn children gray-haired." The verse alluded to in the subsequent words is this: «فَكَيْفَ تَتَّقُوْنَ إِنْ كَفَرْتُمْ يَوْمًا يَجْعَلُ الْوِلْدَانَ شِيْبًا» [المزمل : 17] "On the Day you see it, every nursing mother will forget her nursling, and every pregnant woman will miscarry, and you will see people as if they are intoxicated, though they are not intoxicated, but the punishment of Allah is severe."
«الرَّقْمَة» Brand, mark, or round sign.

Understanding the Hadith (Fahm al-Hadith):
This hadith mentions the great virtue of the Ummah of Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), that half of the people of Paradise will be from this Ummah. However, it should be remembered that, without doubt, those people will be the ones who act (righteously), not the disobedient and immoral; therefore, one should never be negligent in actions.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In the previous hadith, the proportion of the people of Paradise compared to the people of Hell was one percent, whereas in this hadith, it is stated as one out of a thousand. The hadith scholars have provided several answers to this apparent contradiction:
➊ One number does not contradict the other; rather, the purpose is to illustrate the small number of the believers and the large number of the disbelievers.
➋ In relation to all the children of Adam, it will be one out of a thousand, and excluding Gog and Magog (Ya’juj wa Ma’juj), it will be one out of a hundred.
➌ In terms of all creation, it will be one out of a thousand, and with respect to this Ummah, it will be one out of a hundred.
➍ In relation to the disbelievers, it will be one out of a thousand, and in relation to the sinners, it will be one percent.
(Fath al-Bari: 11/474)
(2)
In any case, upon witnessing this terrifying scene of the Day of Resurrection, children will become old, as Allah the Exalted has stated:
“So if you disbelieve, then how will you guard yourselves against a Day that will turn children gray-haired? The sky will be rent asunder therefrom; His promise is ever fulfilled.”
(al-Muzzammil: 73//17, 18)

Takhrij al-Hadith:
This hadith is found in three places in Sahih al-Bukhari:
[3348، 4741، 6530]
In addition to Imam al-Bukhari, the following hadith scholars have also narrated it:
Muslim [الصحيح : 222]
al-Nasa’i in al-Kubra [11339 والتفسير : 359]
Abu ‘Awanah [المسند 88/1-90]
‘Abd ibn Humayd [المنتخب : 917]
Ibn Jarir al-Tabari [التفسير 17؍87، تهذيب الآثار 2؍52]
al-Bayhaqi [شعب الايمان : 361]
Ibn Mandah [الايمان : 881]
Before Imam al-Bukhari, the following hadith scholars narrated it:
Ahmad ibn Hanbal [المسند 3؍32]
Waki‘ [نسخة وكيع عن الاعمش ص85، 86 ح27]
In addition to Sayyiduna Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri radi Allahu anhu, Sayyiduna ‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud radi Allahu anhu has also narrated it; see: Sahih al-Bukhari [6528، 6642] and Sahih Muslim [221]
↰ Therefore, this narration is absolutely authentic and definitively established.
There is nothing of “doubtful speculation” in it; rather, the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, in order to strengthen the faith of his Companions step by step, first mentioned a quarter, then a third, and finally a half. It is also common knowledge that a third and a quarter are both included within a half, so the objection of the deniers of hadith against this narration is rejected (i.e., is revelation to be called doubtful speculation?). To the “service” of the deniers of hadith, it is submitted: how do they interpret verse 147 of «سورة الصّٰفّٰت»? Secondly, which Qur’anic verse does the mentioned hadith contradict?

(1)
Their lineage is from the descendants of Adam.
They are not created from anyone other than Adam.

(2)
They are so numerous that the Muslim community will be only a thousandth part of these disbelievers.

(3)
Riot and corruption are in their very nature.
Dhul-Qarnayn sealed those mountain passes with iron to protect against their attacks, through which they used to assault others.

(4)
During the blessed era of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), a person saw this barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn, which was like an embroidered cloth.

(5)
In the time of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), that wall had become somewhat weakened, so that a small hole had appeared in it.

(6)
Near the Day of Judgment, that wall will be leveled with the ground, and Yajuj and Majuj will surge forth like the waves of the sea.

(7)
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
The Hour will not be established
until the signs appear.
Among them is the attack of Yajuj and Majuj.
Soon after their onslaught, the Day of Judgment will be established.
The narrations transmitted regarding their stature do not meet the standards of authenticity set by the hadith scholars.

Hadith translation:
Ishaq ibn Nasr narrated to me, he said Abu Usamah narrated to us, from A‘mash, from Abu Salih, and from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (radi Allahu anhu) who narrated that the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said that Allah, on the Day of Judgment,
will say: O Adam! Adam (alayhis salam) will say: I am present and obedient to Your command, all goodness is in Your hands alone.
Allah will say: Separate those destined for Hell from among the people.
Adam (alayhis salam) will say:
O Allah! How many are the people of Hell? Allah will say: Out of every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine.
At that time (due to the terror and horror),
children will become old and every pregnant woman will miscarry.
At that time, you will see people as if they are intoxicated, though they are not intoxicated.
But the punishment of Allah is very severe.
The Companions said: O Messenger of Allah! Who will that one person among us be? The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: Rejoice, for that one person will be from among you, and a thousand will be from the nation of Yajuj and Majuj.
Then the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: By Him in Whose hand is my soul, I hope that you (the Muslim Ummah)
will be one third of all the people of Paradise.
We said Allahu Akbar, and he said: I hope you will be half of all the people of Paradise. We said Allahu Akbar, and then he said: (On the Day of Resurrection)
you will be among mankind as a white hair on the body of a black ox, or as a black hair on the body of a white ox.

Hadith Footnote:
The translation of the chapter is derived from the phrase that for every one person among you, there will be a thousand from Yajuj and Majuj.
Because from this, it is understood that the progeny of Yajuj and Majuj is so numerous that the Muslim Ummah will be only a thousandth part of these disbelievers.
Yajuj and Majuj are the names of two tribes
who are from the descendants of Yafith ibn Nuh.
Near the Day of Judgment, these people will become very dominant and will emerge from every direction.
Their emergence is a sign of the Day of Judgment. Those who doubt the existence of Yajuj and Majuj are themselves foolish.
From the hadith, it is also established that the Ummah of Muhammad will be numerous in Paradise, but those who, despite reciting the kalimah of Islam, are engaged in the worship of graves, shrines, and flags, will never enter Paradise.
Because they are polytheists (mushrik), and for polytheists, Allah has absolutely forbidden Paradise.
As is evident from the noble verse: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ﴾ (an-Nisa: 48).

Hadith Commentary:
➊
It is understood that Gog and Magog (Ya’juj wa Ma’juj) will be so numerous that the Ummah of Muhammad will be only a thousandth part in comparison to them.
Allah the Exalted has described their multitude in the Noble Qur’an with these words:
﴿حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُونَ ﴾ “Until, when Gog and Magog are let loose, and they rush down from every height.” ()
This means that when the barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn is broken, Gog and Magog will attack in such a manner as a predatory animal pounces upon its prey after being freed from its cage.
Due to their sheer numbers, they will overwhelm every height and lowland.
Wherever you look, only their throngs will be seen.
Their overwhelming flood will come with such intensity and swiftness that no human power will be able to stop it.
It will seem as if their armies are spreading and rolling down from the mountains and hills.
It is possible that these two nations may even clash with each other.
Then their fighting may become the cause of a worldwide turmoil.
After the attack of Gog and Magog, the Hour (Qiyamah) will soon come, and before the Hour, the righteous people will be taken away, as is mentioned in the ahadith that the Hour will be established upon the wicked and the worst of people.
(REF_Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Tafsir, Hadith: 4741__)
From this hadith, it is understood that Gog and Magog are from the progeny of Adam (alayhis salam).
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary:
In the narration of Tabarani, it is mentioned even more explicitly that you will be two-thirds.
In Tirmidhi, it is stated that there will be one hundred and twenty rows of the people of Paradise.
Out of these, eighty rows will be yours, so two-thirds will be Muslims, and in the remaining one-third will be all the other communities.
O Master, how can we ever thank You enough? You have bestowed all the blessings of this world upon us.
You have given us wealth, children, knowledge, and honor.
You have given us beauty and dignity.
Now, after all these blessings, will You disgrace us in the Hereafter? No, by Your grace and mercy, we hope that You will set our Hereafter right as well, and just as You kept us honored and respected in this world, likewise, You will not disgrace us before other servants in the Hereafter.
We rely only on You, and it is upon Your grace and mercy that we live our lives.
O Allah, in this world, the envious and the enemies tried very hard to trouble us.
But by the blessing of the noble hadith, You kept us safe from their evil and granted us even more wealth and blessings than all of them.
In the same way, at the time of death, also keep us safe from the evil of Satan, and raise us from this world with faith (iman).
Ameen, O Lord of the worlds.

Hadith Commentary:
1.
In a narration reported from Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, it is stated that out of one hundred, one will be set apart for Paradise and ninety-nine for Hell.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Riqaq, Hadith: 6529)
The way to reconcile these different narrations is that when Gog and Magog (Ya'juj wa Ma'juj) are included with this Ummah, then out of a thousand, one will be destined for Paradise and the remaining nine hundred and ninety-nine for Hell. And when the comparison is made without them, then out of one hundred, one will be destined for Paradise and the rest for Hell.
The indication for this is that in the narration reported from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri radi Allahu anhu, there is mention of Gog and Magog, and it is stated that out of a thousand, one will be destined for Paradise. In the narration of Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu, there is no mention of Gog and Magog, and it is mentioned that one percent will be destined for Paradise. Furthermore, in one narration, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
"You will be two-thirds of the people of Paradise."
Although this narration is weak, it is supported by another hadith in which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
"In Paradise, there will be one hundred and twenty rows of the people of Paradise. Of these, eighty rows will be from this Ummah of Muhammad, and the remaining forty rows will be from the other communities."
(Musnad Ahmad: 347/5)
This also means that two-thirds of the people of Paradise will be from this Ummah, and one-third will be taken from the other communities.
(Fath al-Bari: 474/11)
2.
It is possible that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was first informed of a quarter, then a third, then a half, and finally two-thirds. It is also possible that these proportions are according to different times and different stages:
In the initial stage, the number of the Muslim Ummah will be equal to a quarter of the people of Paradise; then, after some time, as the number of the people of Paradise increases, their number will become equal to a third; in the third stage, it will increase from a third to a half; and finally, from a half, it will reach two-thirds.
The purpose of this is to express the virtue and superiority of the Ummah of Muhammad.
And Allah knows best what is correct.

Hadith Commentary:
From here, the attribute of voice in Allah’s speech is established, and this refutes those ignorant ones who claim that there is neither voice nor letters in Allah’s speech.
God forbid, they say about Allah’s words that these are not Allah’s speech, because, according to them, words, letters, and sounds are all created (hadith).
Imam Ahmad (rahimahullah) said that the wretched “Lafziyyah” are worse than the Jahmiyyah.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
It is clearly established from this hadith that Allah’s speech consists of sound and letters, and it can be heard. This is intended as a refutation of those who claim that Allah’s speech is only an internal speech (kalam nafsi) which contains neither letters nor sound, because they argue that any speech which contains sound and letters is originated (hadith), and none of Allah’s attributes are originated.
These people have likened Allah’s speech to the speech of created beings, and then, relying on analogy, have interpreted it away. However, it is evident from this hadith that Allah, with a raised voice, will command Adam alayhis salam to separate the army of Hell from his progeny.

➋
In one narration of Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, this is further clarified. ‘Imran ibn Husayn radi Allahu anhu says that we were on a journey with the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam recited the following two verses aloud:
“O mankind! Fear your Lord, for indeed the earthquake of the Hour is a tremendous thing.
On the Day you see it, every nursing mother will forget what she was nursing, and every pregnant woman will deliver her burden, and you will see people as if intoxicated, though they are not intoxicated, but the punishment of Allah is severe.” ()
Then he sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“Do you know when this will be?” The noble Companions radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in replied:
Allah and His Messenger know best.
He sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“This will be on the Day when Allah will call out to Adam alayhis salam with a raised voice:
O Adam alayhis salam! Separate the portion of Hell from your progeny.”
Adam alayhis salam will say: O my Lord! How much is the portion of Hell? Allah will say:
Out of every thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine for Hell and one person for Paradise.”
(Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qur’an, Hadith: 3169)
From this hadith, it is clearly known that on the Day of Resurrection, Allah will command Adam alayhis salam with a raised voice to separate the portion of Hell.
And this command will consist of sound and letters.
And this is the intended point.

Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
:
al-Raqmah:
The inner circle or mark on the forearms of a donkey.

Benefits and Issues:
(1)
If the conversation about separating the people of Hell with Adam (alayhis salam) takes place before the end of the world,
then the child becoming old and the pregnant woman giving birth
will be in the literal sense.
And if this conversation takes place at the time of resurrection after the establishment of the Day of Judgment,
then its meaning will be metaphorical,
that the terror and horror of the Day of Judgment will be so intense,
that if any woman is pregnant at that time,
her pregnancy will miscarry, and the surviving child will become old.
It is an Arab idiom: "Asabana amrun yashibu minhu al-walid" — "We were afflicted by such a severe calamity
that it would turn even a child old," meaning it is extremely severe.

(2)
In the hadith of Abu Sa'id (radi Allahu anhu), there is mention of Gog and Magog (Ya'juj wa Ma'juj),
in which the number of those entering Paradise is one out of a thousand,
but in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (radi Allahu anhu) in Sahih Bukhari, it is stated: "One out of every hundred will enter Paradise," meaning ten out of a thousand.
Various reconciliations have been presented between the two hadiths:
(1)
First, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said one out of a thousand,
then later said one out of a hundred,
just as the number of those entering Paradise was first stated as a quarter,
then a third,
then a half, and later two-thirds.
(2)
The number is not the objective,
rather, it is to indicate
that compared to the disbelievers, the number of those entering Paradise will be less.
(3)
In the hadith of Abu Hurayrah (radi Allahu anhu), the number is meant excluding Gog and Magog (Ya'juj wa Ma'juj),
that is, one out of a hundred,
but if Gog and Magog are included,
then it is one out of a thousand.
(4)
With respect to all communities, it is one out of a thousand, and from his (the Prophet's sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) own community, it is one out of a hundred.