صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب الأدبThe Book of Al-Adab (Good Manners)
بَابُ إِكْرَامِ الْكَبِيرِ وَيَبْدَأُ الأَكْبَرُ بِالْكَلاَمِ وَالسُّؤَالِ:Chapter. To respect the old ones, and the elder one should start talking or asking.
Hadith 6143
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ هُوَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ مَوْلَى الْأَنْصَارِ ، عَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ، وَسَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ ، أنهما حدثاه ، أن عبد الله بن سهل ، ومحيصة بن مسعود ، أتيا خيبر فتفرقا في النخل ، فقتل عبد الله بن سهل ، فجاء عبد الرحمن بن سهل ، وحويصة ، ومحيصة ابنا مسعود إلى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَتَكَلَّمُوا فِي أَمْرِ صَاحِبِهِمْ ، فَبَدَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَكَانَ أَصْغَرَ الْقَوْمِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " كَبِّرِ الْكُبْرَ " قَالَ يَحْيَى : يَعْنِي لِيَلِيَ الْكَلَامَ الْأَكْبَرُ ، فَتَكَلَّمُوا فِي أَمْرِ صَاحِبِهِمْ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَتَسْتَحِقُّونَ قَتِيلَكُمْ أَوْ قَالَ صَاحِبَكُمْ بِأَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ ؟ قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَمْرٌ لَمْ نَرَهُ قَالَ : " فَتُبْرِئُكُمْ يَهُودُ فِي أَيْمَانِ خَمْسِينَ مِنْهُمْ " قَالُوا : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَوْمٌ كُفَّارٌ ، فَوَدَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ ، قَالَ سَهْلٌ : فَأَدْرَكْتُ نَاقَةً مِنْ تِلْكَ الْإِبِلِ فَدَخَلَتْ مِرْبَدًا لَهُمْ فَرَكَضَتْنِي بِرِجْلِهَا ، قَالَ اللَّيْثُ : حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى ، عَنْ بُشَيْرٍ ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ ، قَالَ يَحْيَى : حَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ : مَعَ رَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ بُشَيْرٍ ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ وَحْدَهُ .
Narrated Rafi` bin Khadij and Sahl bin Abu Hathma: `Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhaiyisa bin Mas`ud went to Khaibar and they dispersed in the gardens of the date-palm trees. `Abdullah bin Sahl was murdered. Then `Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl, Huwaiyisa and Muhaiyisa, the two sons of Mas`ud, came to the Prophet and spoke about the case of their (murdered) friend. `Abdur-Rahman who was the youngest of them all, started talking. The Prophet said, "Let the older (among you) speak first." So they spoke about the case of their (murdered) friend. The Prophet said, "Will fifty of you take an oath whereby you will have the right to receive the blood money of your murdered man," (or said, "..your companion"). They said, "O Allah's Apostle! The murder was a thing we did not witness." The Prophet said, "Then the Jews will release you from the oath, if fifty of them (the Jews) should take an oath to contradict your claim." They said, "O Allah's Apostle! They are disbelievers (and they will take a false oath)." Then Allah's Apostle himself paid the blood money to them.
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The hadith mentions *qasaamah*, the details of which have already been discussed previously.
If there is no eyewitness testimony regarding a murdered person, then fifty men from his tribe will swear oaths, naming the suspected killer according to their belief, saying, "By Allah, he is the killer." In this case, they become entitled to the blood money (diyah); this is what is called *qasaamah*.
The hadith instructs that in every matter, elders should be given precedence; this is the connection to the chapter.
From this, it is evident how significant the issue of unlawful killing is in Islamic law.
The hadith mentions *qasaamah*, the details of which have already been discussed previously.
If there is no eyewitness testimony regarding a murdered person, then fifty men from his tribe will swear oaths, naming the suspected killer according to their belief, saying, "By Allah, he is the killer." In this case, they become entitled to the blood money (diyah); this is what is called *qasaamah*.
The hadith instructs that in every matter, elders should be given precedence; this is the connection to the chapter.
From this, it is evident how significant the issue of unlawful killing is in Islamic law.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 6143
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
If there are no eyewitnesses regarding a murdered person, then fifty men from his tribe should testify that so-and-so is his killer; in this case, they become entitled to blood money (diyah). This is what is called qasamah. Its explanation has already been given earlier.
(2)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the respect due to elders, that they should be given the opportunity to speak. Thus, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam instructed the elder in age to speak so that the full circumstances and details of the incident would become clear. Otherwise, the actual claimant was the brother of the murdered person, ‘Abdur-Rahman radi Allahu anhu, but he was younger in age.
In any case, in every matter, elders are to be given precedence. However, if the younger person possesses information that the elders do not have, then he should be given the first opportunity to speak, as is evident from the following hadith.
(1)
If there are no eyewitnesses regarding a murdered person, then fifty men from his tribe should testify that so-and-so is his killer; in this case, they become entitled to blood money (diyah). This is what is called qasamah. Its explanation has already been given earlier.
(2)
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith the respect due to elders, that they should be given the opportunity to speak. Thus, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam instructed the elder in age to speak so that the full circumstances and details of the incident would become clear. Otherwise, the actual claimant was the brother of the murdered person, ‘Abdur-Rahman radi Allahu anhu, but he was younger in age.
In any case, in every matter, elders are to be given precedence. However, if the younger person possesses information that the elders do not have, then he should be given the first opportunity to speak, as is evident from the following hadith.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 6143
