صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب مواقيت الصلاةThe Book of The Times of As-Salat (The Prayers) and Its Superiority
بَابُ التَّبْكِيرِ بِالصَّلاَةِ فِي يَوْمِ غَيْمٍ:Chapter. To offer (the Asr prayers) earlier on a cloudy day.
Hadith 594
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ ، أَنَّ أَبَا الْمَلِيحِ حَدَّثَهُ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا مَعَ بُرَيْدَةَ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي غَيْمٍ ، فَقَالَ : بَكِّرُوا بِالصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " مَنْ تَرَكَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُ " .
Narrated Ibn Abu Malih [??]: I was with Buraida on a cloudy day and he said, "Offer the `Asr prayer earlier as the Prophet said, 'Whoever leaves the `Asr prayer will have all his (good) deeds annulled." (See Hadith No. 527 and 528)
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Explanation:
That is, the reward for his good deeds has been erased. Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has narrated this hadith and, by doing so, has indicated towards another chain of transmission of this hadith, which Isma‘ili has recorded, and in which it is stated explicitly: "On cloudy days, perform the prayer early, because whoever misses the ‘Asr prayer, all his good deeds are rendered void." It is the habit of the Imam that he brings a chapter heading for the very hadith which points towards another chain of transmission that he has not explicitly mentioned.
That is, the reward for his good deeds has been erased. Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has narrated this hadith and, by doing so, has indicated towards another chain of transmission of this hadith, which Isma‘ili has recorded, and in which it is stated explicitly: "On cloudy days, perform the prayer early, because whoever misses the ‘Asr prayer, all his good deeds are rendered void." It is the habit of the Imam that he brings a chapter heading for the very hadith which points towards another chain of transmission that he has not explicitly mentioned.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 594
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
The command to perform the prayer early on rainy and cloudy days was given so that, due to the inability to estimate the time, the prayer might not be missed or performed during a disliked (makruh) time, which is tantamount to abandoning the prayer.
At this point, there are two objections:
➊ Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established the chapter heading regarding performing the prayer early, and he has used as evidence the statement of Hazrat Buraidah radi Allahu anhu, which is mawquf (a statement of a Companion), whereas Imam Bukhari rahimahullah usually presents marfu‘ (Prophetic) narrations as evidence.
The answer to this is that since Hazrat Buraidah’s reasoning was based on a marfu‘ hadith, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah’s reasoning is also based on a marfu‘ narration, even if it is indirect.
➋ The second objection is that the warning (wa‘id) is specific to the ‘Asr prayer, whereas the chapter heading is general.
The answer to this is that the mentioned incident is also related to the ‘Asr prayer, and Hazrat Buraidah radi Allahu anhu also presented a hadith related to the ‘Asr prayer, as is found in another narration of Sahih Bukhari (553). Then, by analogy, it is an indication towards every prayer.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah has referenced a mursal hadith in this regard, in which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“On a cloudy day, perform the ‘Asr prayer early.”
It has also been said that what is meant by hastening the ‘Asr prayer is to combine it with the Zuhr prayer, because it is narrated from Hazrat ‘Umar radi Allahu anhu that he said: On a cloudy day, delay the Zuhr and perform the ‘Asr early, thus combining both.
(Fath al-Bari: 2/88)
The command to perform the prayer early on rainy and cloudy days was given so that, due to the inability to estimate the time, the prayer might not be missed or performed during a disliked (makruh) time, which is tantamount to abandoning the prayer.
At this point, there are two objections:
➊ Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established the chapter heading regarding performing the prayer early, and he has used as evidence the statement of Hazrat Buraidah radi Allahu anhu, which is mawquf (a statement of a Companion), whereas Imam Bukhari rahimahullah usually presents marfu‘ (Prophetic) narrations as evidence.
The answer to this is that since Hazrat Buraidah’s reasoning was based on a marfu‘ hadith, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah’s reasoning is also based on a marfu‘ narration, even if it is indirect.
➋ The second objection is that the warning (wa‘id) is specific to the ‘Asr prayer, whereas the chapter heading is general.
The answer to this is that the mentioned incident is also related to the ‘Asr prayer, and Hazrat Buraidah radi Allahu anhu also presented a hadith related to the ‘Asr prayer, as is found in another narration of Sahih Bukhari (553). Then, by analogy, it is an indication towards every prayer.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah has referenced a mursal hadith in this regard, in which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
“On a cloudy day, perform the ‘Asr prayer early.”
It has also been said that what is meant by hastening the ‘Asr prayer is to combine it with the Zuhr prayer, because it is narrated from Hazrat ‘Umar radi Allahu anhu that he said: On a cloudy day, delay the Zuhr and perform the ‘Asr early, thus combining both.
(Fath al-Bari: 2/88)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 594
