Narrated Ibn `Abbas: I had been eager to ask `Umar bin Al-Khattab about the two ladies from among the wives of the Prophet regarding whom Allah said 'If you two (wives of the Prophet namely Aisha and Hafsa) turn in repentance to Allah, your hearts are indeed so inclined (to oppose what the Prophet likes). (66.4) till `Umar performed the Hajj and I too, performed the Hajj along with him. (On the way) `Umar went aside to answer the call of nature, and I also went aside along with him carrying a tumbler full of water, and when `Umar had finished answering the call of nature, I poured water over his hands and he performed the ablution. Then I said to him, "O chief of the Believers! Who were the two ladies from among the wives of the Prophet regarding whom Allah said: 'If you two (wives of the Prophet) turn in repentance to Allah your hearts are indeed so inclined (to oppose what the Prophet likes)?" (66.4) He said, "I am astonished at your question, O Ibn `Abbas. They were `Aisha and Hafsa." Then `Umar went on narrating the Hadith and said, "I and an Ansari neighbor of mine from Bani Umaiyya bin Zaid who used to live in `Awali-al-Medina, used to visit the Prophet in turn. He used to go one day and I another day. When I went, I would bring him the news of what had happened that day regarding the Divine Inspiration and other things, and when he went, he used to do the same for me. We, the people of Quraish used to have the upper hand over our wives, but when we came to the Ansar, we found that their women had the upper hand over their men, so our women also started learning the ways of the Ansari women. I shouted at my wife and she retorted against me and I disliked that she should answer me back. She said to me, 'Why are you so surprised at my answering you back? By Allah, the wives of the Prophet answer him back and some of them may leave (does not speak to) him throughout the day till the night.' The (talk) scared me and I said to her, 'Whoever has done so will be ruined!' Then I proceeded after dressing myself, and entered upon Hafsa and said to her, 'Does anyone of you keep the Prophet angry till night?' She said, 'Yes.' I said, 'You are a ruined losing person! Don't you fear that Allah may get angry for the anger of Allah's Apostle and thus you will be ruined? So do not ask more from the Prophet and do not answer him back and do not give up talking to him. Ask me whatever you need and do not be tempted to imitate your neighbor (i.e., `Aisha) in her manners for she is more charming than you and more beloved to the Prophet ." `Umar added,"At that time a talk was circulating among us that (the tribe of) Ghassan were preparing their horses to invade us. My Ansari companion, on the day of his turn, went (to the town) and returned to us at night and knocked at my door violently and asked if I was there. I became horrified and came out to him. He said, 'Today a great thing has happened.' I asked, 'What is it? Have (the people of) Ghassan come?' He said, 'No, but (What has happened) is greater and more horrifying than that: Allah's Apostle; has divorced his wives. `Umar added, "The Prophet kept away from his wives and I said "Hafsa is a ruined loser.' I had already thought that most probably this (divorce) would happen in the near future. So I dressed myself and offered the morning prayer with the Prophet and then the Prophet; entered an upper room and stayed there in seclusion. I entered upon Hafsa and saw her weeping. I asked, 'What makes you weep? Did I not warn you about that? Did the Prophet divorce you all?' She said, 'I do not know. There he is retired alone in the upper room.' I came out and sat near the pulpit and saw a group of people sitting around it and some of them were weeping. I sat with them for a while but could not endure the situation, so I went to the upper room where the Prophet; was and said to a black slave of his, 'Will you get the permission (of the Prophet ) for `Umar (to enter)?' The slave went in, talked to the Prophet about it and then returned saying, 'I have spoken to the Prophet and mentioned you but he kept quiet.' Then I returned and sat with the group of people sitting near the pulpit. but I could not bear the situation and once again I said to the slave, 'Will you get the permission for `Umar?' He went in and returned saying, 'I mentioned you to him but he kept quiet.' So I returned again and sat with the group of people sitting near the pulpit, but I could not bear the situation, and so I went to the slave and said, 'Will you get the permission for `Umar?' He went in and returned to me saying, 'I mentioned you to him but he kept quiet.' When I was leaving, behold! The slave called me, saying, 'The Prophet has given you permission.' Then I entered upon Allah's Apostle and saw him Lying on a bed made of stalks of date palm leaves and there was no bedding between it and him. The stalks left marks on his side and he was leaning on a leather pillow stuffed with date-palm fires. I greeted him and while still standing I said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Have you divorced your wives?' He looked at me and said, 'No.' I said, 'Allah Akbar!' And then, while still standing, I said chatting, 'Will you heed what I say, O Allah's Apostle? We, the people of Quraish used to have power over our women, but when we arrived at Medina we found that the men (here) were overpowered by their women.' The Prophet smiled and then I said to him, 'Will you heed what I say, O Allah's Apostle? I entered upon Hafsa and said to her, "Do not be tempted to imitate your companion (`Aisha), for she is more charming than you and more beloved to the Prophet.' " The Prophet smiled for a second time. When I saw him smiling, I sat down. Then I looked around his house, and by Allah, I could not see anything of importance in his house except three hides, so I said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Invoke Allah to make your followers rich, for the Persians and the Romans have been made prosperous and they have been given (the pleasures of the world), although they do not worship Allah.' Thereupon the Prophet sat up as he was reclining. and said, 'Are you of such an opinion, O the son of Al-Khattab? These are the people who have received the rewards for their good deeds in this world.' I said, 'O Allah's Apostle! Ask Allah to forgive me.' Then the Prophet kept away from his wives for twenty-nine days because of the story which Hafsa had disclosed to `Aisha. The Prophet had said, 'I will not enter upon them (my wives) for one month,' because of his anger towards them, when Allah had admonished him. So, when twenty nine days had passed, the Prophet first entered upon `Aisha. `Aisha said to him, 'O Allah's Apostle! You had sworn that you would not enter upon us for one month, but now only twenty-nine days have passed, for I have been counting them one by one.' The Prophet said, 'The (present) month is of twenty nine days.' `Aisha added, 'Then Allah revealed the Verses of the option. (2) And out of all his-wives he asked me first, and I chose him.' Then he gave option to his other wives and they said what `Aisha had said . " (1) The Prophet, ' had decided to abstain from eating a certain kind of food because of a certain event, so Allah blamed him for doing so. Some of his wives were the cause of him taking that decision, therefore he deserted them for one month. See Qur'an: (66.4)
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
In another narration, it is mentioned that Umar radi Allahu anhu said to his daughter Hafsah radi Allahu anha that she should not ask anything from the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, as he did not possess money or gold coins. If she needed anything, even if it was just oil, she should ask him (Umar) and he would provide it, but she should not ask the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
From this, the purpose of the chapter becomes clear: that it is permissible, rather even necessary, for a father to advise his daughter regarding her husband.
This is in reference to the incident in which the noble wives were given the choice by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam to either remain with him or to separate from him.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 5191
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
(1)
From this lengthy and detailed hadith, the purpose of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah is that a father should continue to admonish and advise his daughter regarding her husband. Thus, in this hadith, it is mentioned that Umar radi Allahu anhu gave clear and direct advice to his daughter Hafsa radi Allahu anhuma, saying: "Daughter, do not compare yourself to Aisha radi Allahu anha. She is the beloved of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. She takes great pride in her beauty and the love of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. If you need anything, tell me; do not trouble the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam in this matter."
(2)
Indeed, domestic matters are very delicate. Sometimes, they begin as very trivial issues, but if there is even a little negligence or laziness, they can take on extremely dangerous and destructive proportions—especially if a woman belongs to a noble family, she naturally takes pride in her father, brother, and family. In such circumstances, she does not give due regard to her husband. Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu understood this aspect of women's psychology very well; therefore, he took timely notice of this and explained it to his daughter. A father should, from the very first day, tell his daughter that now her happiness and distress are tied to her husband, and that her husband is also the cause of her Paradise or Hellfire. It is hoped that, in this way, married life will become a reflection of Paradise. And Allah is the One whose help is sought.
(3)
What was the incident due to which the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam swore an oath not to go to his wives? And what was the secret that Hafsa radi Allahu anha disclosed? For what reason did Allah Ta'ala's reproach occur? We have already explained all these matters in detail in the Book of Tafsir; it may be reviewed there.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 5191
Narrated Ibn `Abbas: For the whole year I had the desire to ask `Umar bin Al-Khattab regarding the explanation of a Verse (in Surat Al-Tahrim) but I could not ask him because I respected him very much. When he went to perform the Hajj, I too went along with him. On our return, while we were still on the way home. `Umar went aside to answer the call of nature by the Arak trees. I waited till he finished and then I proceeded with him and asked him. "O chief of the Believers! Who were the two wives of the Prophet who aided one another against him?" He said, "They were Hafsa and `Aisha." Then I said to him, "By Allah, I wanted to ask you about this a year ago, but I could not do so owing to my respect for you." `Umar said, "Do not refrain from asking me. If you think that I have knowledge (about a certain matter), ask me; and if I know (something about it), I will tell you." Then `Umar added, "By Allah, in the Pre-lslamic Period of Ignorance we did not pay attention to women until Allah revealed regarding them what He revealed regarding them and assigned for them what He has assigned. Once while I was thinking over a certain matter, my wife said, "I recommend that you do so-and-so." I said to her, "What have you got to do with the is matter? Why do you poke your nose in a matter which I want to see fulfilled.?" She said, How strange you are, O son of Al-Khattab! You don't want to be argued with whereas your daughter, Hafsa surely, argues with Allah's Messenger so much that he remains angry for a full day!" `Umar then reported; how he at once put on his outer garment and went to Hafsa and said to her, "O my daughter! Do you argue with Allah's Messenger so that he remains angry the whole day?" H. afsa said, "By Allah, we argue with him." `Umar said, "Know that I warn you of Allah's punishment and the anger of Allah's Messenger . . . O my daughter! Don't be betrayed by the one who is proud of her beauty because of the love of Allah's Messenger for her (i.e. `Aisha)." `Umar addled, "Then I went out to Um Salama's house who was one of my relatives, and I talked to her. She said, O son of Al-Khattab! It is rather astonishing that you interfere in everything; you even want to interfere between Allah's Apostle and his wives!' By Allah, by her talk she influenced me so much that I lost some of my anger. I left her (and went home). At that time I had a friend from the Ansar who used to bring news (from the Prophet) in case of my absence, and I used to bring him the news if he was absent. In those days we were afraid of one of the kings of Ghassan tribe. We heard that he intended to move and attack us, so fear filled our hearts because of that. (One day) my Ansari friend unexpectedly knocked at my door, and said, "Open Open!' I said, 'Has the king of Ghassan come?' He said, 'No, but something worse; Allah's Messenger has isolated himself from his wives.' I said, 'Let the nose of `Aisha and Hafsa be stuck to dust (i.e. humiliated)!' Then I put on my clothes and went to Allah's Messenger 's residence, and behold, he was staying in an upper room of his to which he ascended by a ladder, and a black slave of Allah's Messenger was (sitting) on the first step. I said to him, 'Say (to the Prophet ) `Umar bin Al-Khattab is here.' Then the Prophet admitted me and I narrated the story to Allah's Messenger . When I reached the story of Um Salama, Allah's Messenger smiled while he was lying on a mat made of palm tree leaves with nothing between him and the mat. Underneath his head there was a leather pillow stuffed with palm fibres, and leaves of a saut tree were piled at his feet, and above his head hung a few water skins. On seeing the marks of the mat imprinted on his side, I wept. He said.' 'Why are you weeping?' I replied, "O Allah's Messenger ! Caesar and Khosrau are leading the life (i.e. Luxurious life) while you, Allah's Messenger though you are, is living in destitute". The Prophet then replied. 'Won't you be satisfied that they enjoy this world and we the Hereafter?' "
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
Many points have been mentioned incidentally in this narration, especially the way Abdullah ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma described the awe-inspiring majesty of al-Faruq (Umar ibn al-Khattab radi Allahu anhu) in lofty terms. The following is the note of Mawlana Waheed al-Zaman rahimahullah on this:
“The awe is from Allah, not from creation; the awe of this man is not that of a mere wearer of the patched cloak.” The majesty and grandeur of Umar radi Allahu anhu was indeed such; it was from Allah. Such an intense awe that both friend and foe would tremble before him.
To stand against him was out of the question; no one even dared to think of opposing him.
“If Umar radi Allahu anhu had lived another ten or twelve years, Islam would have been seen everywhere in the world.”
Even the opponents of Umar radi Allahu anhu, such as the Shia and the Rawafid, acknowledge his excellent administration, political acumen, majesty, and authority.
Once, in a gathering, some Rawafid were sitting and speaking disrespectfully about Umar. Among them was a just person who said, “It has been thirteen hundred years since Umar passed away, and now you speak ill of him. Tell the truth: if Umar, with a sword on his shoulder, were to appear before you right now, would you dare say such things?”
They admitted that if Umar radi Allahu anhu were to appear before them, they would not be able to utter a word.
On this occasion, Umar’s statement is mentioned in another narration: When I reached you, I saw sadness on your face. I began to talk about various things, as if to cheer you up. Then, while talking, I said, “O Messenger of Allah! If my wife demands more from me, I would just break her neck.” At this, you laughed, and your grief was lifted.
Subhan Allah! How praiseworthy is the wisdom, intelligence, and presence of mind of Umar radi Allahu anhu!
O Muslims! See, this is what it means to love the Prophet.
The Companions could not bear even a little distress for the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
They were ever ready to admonish and discipline even their own daughters.
It is a pity that we slander such great saints and lovers of the Messenger, and, by comparing them to the wicked hypocrites of this age, we speak ill of them.
It is Satan who wants to destroy you and makes you harbor ill thoughts about the saints who sacrificed themselves for the Master of the Messengers sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. Repent, repent! La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah (Waheedi).
In the narration, there is mention of the leaves of “salm.”
Salm refers to “qaraz,” whose leaves are used to clean leather—most likely the acacia tree, whose bark is used to dye leather.
On this occasion, seeing the destitution of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, Umar radi Allahu anhu’s expression of sorrow was justified.
Alas! The King of the worlds lived his life in this world in poverty and hardship.
O Muslims! If our leader spent his life in this way, why should we grieve over our own poverty and destitution? Why should we fear these worldly dogs for the worthless and perishing wealth and goods of this world?
What can they do to us? If we can find a mat and a water jug anywhere, that is enough for us.
Some try to frighten us: “If you speak the truth of the Shari‘ah, you will lose your job.” Others say, “You will be expelled from the city.”
O fools! They may expel us from the city, but they cannot expel us from the earth.
We can live anywhere on this earth. If they take away our job, let them; we will earn our bread through trade and labor.
The Lord is the Absolute Provider; as long as there is life, He will provide us bread by some means.
No matter how much you try to frighten us, we are not to be frightened. Our trust is in Allah.
﴿And upon Allah let the believers rely.﴾ (Waheedi)
Hafsa, who is mentioned in the narration, is the daughter of Umar ibn al-Khattab. Her mother is Zaynab, the daughter of Maz‘un.
Before the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, she was married to Khunays ibn Hudhafa Sahmi and migrated with him. After the Battle of Badr, Khunays passed away.
Then Umar married her to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
This event took place in the third year after Hijrah.
On one occasion, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam gave her one divorce, but Allah Most High informed him by revelation to take Hafsa back, for she fasts much, stands in prayer at night, and she will be your wife in Paradise as well.
Thus, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam took Hafsa radi Allahu anha back.
She passed away in Sha‘ban, 45 AH, at the age of 60.
Radi Allahu anha wa ardaha (Ameen).
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 4913
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was extremely gentle-natured and forbearing.
He would not pay attention to trivial matters, but his displeasure with the noble wives is evidence that this matter was certainly intolerable.
The conduct of these two noble wives, radi Allahu anhun ajma'in, was indeed so objectionable that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was justified in becoming displeased with them and secluding himself in the upper chamber.
Even more than the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, Allah Himself was justified in sternly warning these wives regarding their behavior.
➋
It should also be remembered that in this matter, not only Hafsah radi Allahu anha and Aishah radi Allahu anha were at fault, but the other noble wives, radi Allahu anhun ajma'in, also had some share in it.
This is why, in the following verses, all the noble wives are admonished.
And this fact is also recorded in history that the noble wives, radi Allahu anhun ajma'in, had formed two parties:
In one party were Aishah radi Allahu anha, Hafsah radi Allahu anha, Sawdah radi Allahu anha, and Safiyyah radi Allahu anha, while in the other party were Zaynab radi Allahu anha, Umm Salamah radi Allahu anha, Umm Habibah radi Allahu anha, and the remaining wives, radi Allahu anhun ajma'in.
It is also explicitly mentioned in the hadith that once all the noble wives, by mutual agreement, tried to assert their jealousy against the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, which was in accordance with the nature of women but contrary to the temperament of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Tafsir, Hadith: 4916)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4913
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not accumulate worldly wealth; rather, he adopted asceticism (zuhd).
➋ Having one or two days’ worth of food in the house is not contrary to asceticism (zuhd).
➌ Among close companions, it is permissible to sit wearing only a waist-wrapper (izar), that is, without wearing a shirt (qamis).
➍ The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) had intense love for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
➎ Disbelievers receive the recompense for their good deeds in this world itself, in the form of worldly goods or luxury and enjoyment.
➏ Worldly hardship for a Muslim becomes a means of elevation of ranks in the Hereafter.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 4153