صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب فضائل القرآنThe Book of The Virtues of The Quran
بَابُ تَأْلِيفِ الْقُرْآنِ:Chapter. The compilation of the Quran (i.e., the arrangement of its Surah).
Hadith 4993
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، أَنَّ ابْنَ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَهُمْ ، قَالَ : وَأَخْبَرَنِي يُوسُفُ بْنُ مَاهَكٍ ، قَالَ : إِنِّي عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا إِذْ جَاءَهَا عِرَاقِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : " أَيُّ الْكَفَنِ خَيْرٌ ؟ قَالَتْ : وَيْحَكَ ، وَمَا يَضُرُّكَ ؟ قَالَ : يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، أَرِينِي مُصْحَفَكِ ، قَالَتْ : لِمَ ؟ قَالَ : لَعَلِّي أُوَلِّفُ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُقْرَأُ غَيْرَ مُؤَلَّفٍ ، قَالَتْ : وَمَا يَضُرُّكَ أَيَّهُ قَرَأْتَ قَبْلُ ، إِنَّمَا نَزَلَ أَوَّلَ مَا نَزَلَ مِنْهُ سُورَةٌ مِنِ الْمُفَصَّلِ ، فِيهَا ذِكْرُ الْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ ، حَتَّى إِذَا ثَابَ النَّاسُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ نَزَلَ الْحَلَالُ وَالْحَرَامُ ، وَلَوْ نَزَلَ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ لَا تَشْرَبُوا الْخَمْرَ ، لَقَالُوا : لَا نَدَعُ الْخَمْرَ أَبَدًا وَلَوْ نَزَلَ لَا تَزْنُوا ، لَقَالُوا : لَا نَدَعُ الزِّنَا أَبَدًا ، لَقَدْ نَزَلَ بِمَكَّةَ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَإِنِّي لَجَارِيَةٌ أَلْعَبُ بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَالسَّاعَةُ أَدْهَى وَأَمَرُّ سورة القمر آية 46 ، وَمَا نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ والنِّسَاءِ إِلَّا وَأَنَا عِنْدَهُ ، قَالَ : فَأَخْرَجَتْ لَهُ الْمُصْحَفَ فَأَمْلَتْ عَلَيْهِ آيَ السُّوَرَةِ " .
Narrated Yusuf bin Mahk: While I was with Aisha, the mother of the Believers, a person from Iraq came and asked, "What type of shroud is the best?" `Aisha said, "May Allah be merciful to you! What does it matter?" He said, "O mother of the Believers! Show me (the copy of) your Qur'an," She said, "Why?" He said, "In order to compile and arrange the Qur'an according to it, for people recite it with its Suras not in proper order." `Aisha said, "What does it matter which part of it you read first? (Be informed) that the first thing that was revealed thereof was a Sura from Al-Mufassal, and in it was mentioned Paradise and the Fire. When the people embraced Islam, the Verses regarding legal and illegal things were revealed. If the first thing to be revealed was: 'Do not drink alcoholic drinks.' people would have said, 'We will never leave alcoholic drinks,' and if there had been revealed, 'Do not commit illegal sexual intercourse, 'they would have said, 'We will never give up illegal sexual intercourse.' While I was a young girl of playing age, the following Verse was revealed in Mecca to Muhammad: 'Nay! But the Hour is their appointed time (for their full recompense), and the Hour will be more grievous and more bitter.' (54.46) Sura Al-Baqara (The Cow) and Surat An-Nisa (The Women) were revealed while I was with him." Then `Aisha took out the copy of the Qur'an for the man and dictated to him the Verses of the Suras (in their proper order) .
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
That in this surah there are this many verses, and in that one there are that many.
That in this surah there are this many verses, and in that one there are that many.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 4993
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
In Iraq, Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu had significant influence, and the Iraqis would recite the Noble Qur’an according to the arrangement of the mushaf compiled by Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu. The arrangement of his mushaf was not in accordance with the mushaf of Uthman.
When Uthman radi Allahu anhu, after having the masahif transcribed, sent a copy to Kufa, Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu did not abandon his own arranged mushaf, but continued the recitation according to it.
Since the majority of the Ummah had agreed upon the Uthmani mushaf, the Iraqis were not willing to act contrary to it, and the desire to see the mushaf from Aisha radi Allahu anha was also based on this reason.
In the Uthmani mushaf, the order of revelation (tartib nuzuli) was not observed.
Aisha radi Allahu anha replied that in the order of revelation, the inclinations of the people were taken into consideration, because in the beginning, the hearts of the people were not obedient, so the verses concerning rulings and legal matters were not revealed; rather, the verses related to beliefs and doctrines were revealed. However, when the spirit of obedience and submission developed among the people, then the surahs related to rulings, such as Surah al-Baqarah and Surah al-Nisa, etc., were revealed.
In any case, the reliable arrangement with us is that of the Uthmani mushaf, which has been honored with the acceptance of the majority of the Ummah.
And Allah knows best.
2.
It should be clear that the scholars of the Ummah have divided the surahs of the Qur’an into four categories:
➊
Al-Sab’ al-Tiwal:
The seven long surahs, i.e., al-Baqarah, Al Imran, al-Nisa, al-Ma’idah, al-An’am, and al-A’raf. There is a difference regarding the seventh: whether it is al-Anfal and al-Tawbah (which were not separated by the basmalah—Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim—between them), or whether it is Surah Yunus.
➋
Al-Mi’un:
Those surahs whose verses number more than one hundred.
➌
Al-Mathani:
Those surahs whose verses are around two hundred.
➍
Al-Mufassal:
By this is meant those surahs between which the basmalah—Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim—has been frequently placed to separate them from one another, and these are from Surah al-Hujurat to the end of the Qur’an.
Then these are further divided into three types:
➊
Tiwal al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Hujurat to Surah al-Naba.
➋
Awsat al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Naba to Surah al-Duha.
➌
Qisar al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Duha to the end of the Qur’an.
Since in the hadith, Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha mentioned the Mufassal surah, this arrangement has been explained.
1.
In Iraq, Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu had significant influence, and the Iraqis would recite the Noble Qur’an according to the arrangement of the mushaf compiled by Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu. The arrangement of his mushaf was not in accordance with the mushaf of Uthman.
When Uthman radi Allahu anhu, after having the masahif transcribed, sent a copy to Kufa, Abdullah ibn Mas'ud radi Allahu anhu did not abandon his own arranged mushaf, but continued the recitation according to it.
Since the majority of the Ummah had agreed upon the Uthmani mushaf, the Iraqis were not willing to act contrary to it, and the desire to see the mushaf from Aisha radi Allahu anha was also based on this reason.
In the Uthmani mushaf, the order of revelation (tartib nuzuli) was not observed.
Aisha radi Allahu anha replied that in the order of revelation, the inclinations of the people were taken into consideration, because in the beginning, the hearts of the people were not obedient, so the verses concerning rulings and legal matters were not revealed; rather, the verses related to beliefs and doctrines were revealed. However, when the spirit of obedience and submission developed among the people, then the surahs related to rulings, such as Surah al-Baqarah and Surah al-Nisa, etc., were revealed.
In any case, the reliable arrangement with us is that of the Uthmani mushaf, which has been honored with the acceptance of the majority of the Ummah.
And Allah knows best.
2.
It should be clear that the scholars of the Ummah have divided the surahs of the Qur’an into four categories:
➊
Al-Sab’ al-Tiwal:
The seven long surahs, i.e., al-Baqarah, Al Imran, al-Nisa, al-Ma’idah, al-An’am, and al-A’raf. There is a difference regarding the seventh: whether it is al-Anfal and al-Tawbah (which were not separated by the basmalah—Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim—between them), or whether it is Surah Yunus.
➋
Al-Mi’un:
Those surahs whose verses number more than one hundred.
➌
Al-Mathani:
Those surahs whose verses are around two hundred.
➍
Al-Mufassal:
By this is meant those surahs between which the basmalah—Bismillah al-Rahman al-Rahim—has been frequently placed to separate them from one another, and these are from Surah al-Hujurat to the end of the Qur’an.
Then these are further divided into three types:
➊
Tiwal al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Hujurat to Surah al-Naba.
➋
Awsat al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Naba to Surah al-Duha.
➌
Qisar al-Mufassal:
From Surah al-Duha to the end of the Qur’an.
Since in the hadith, Sayyidah Aisha radi Allahu anha mentioned the Mufassal surah, this arrangement has been explained.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4993
