صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
سورة الْمُؤْمِنُ:SURAT GHAFIR or AL-MUMIN (The Forgiver or The Believer)
Hadith 4815
اُردوEn
قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: مَجَازُهَا مَجَازُ أَوَائِلِ السُّوَرِ. وَيُقَالُ بَلْ هُوَ اسْمٌ لِقَوْلِ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى الْعَبْسِيِّ يُذَكِّرُنِي: حَامِيمَ وَالرُّمْحُ شَاجِرٌ ** فَهَلاَّ تَلاَ حَامِيمَ قَبْلَ التَّقَدُّمِ الطَّوْلُ التَّفَضُّلُ {دَاخِرِينَ} خَاضِعِينَ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: {إِلَى النَّجَاةِ} الإِيمَانِ {لَيْسَ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ} يَعْنِي الْوَثَنَ {يُسْجَرُونَ} تُوقَدُ بِهِمِ النَّارُ. {تَمْرَحُونَ} تَبْطَرُونَ. وَكَانَ الْعَلاَءُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ يُذَكِّرُ النَّارَ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ لِمَ تُقَنِّطُ النَّاسَ قَالَ وَأَنَا أَقْدِرُ أَنْ أُقَنِّطَ النَّاسَ وَاللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَقُولُ: {يَا عِبَادِيَ الَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ لاَ تَقْنَطُوا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ} وَيَقُولُ: {وَأَنَّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ هُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ} وَلَكِنَّكُمْ تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تُبَشَّرُوا بِالْجَنَّةِ عَلَى مَسَاوِئِ أَعْمَالِكُمْ، وَإِنَّمَا بَعَثَ اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُبَشِّرًا بِالْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ أَطَاعَهُ، وَمُنْذِرًا بِالنَّارِ مَنْ عَصَاهُ.
Mujahid said the meaning of «حم» is "Allah knows best," just as in other Surahs where the disjointed letters appear at the beginning, their true meanings are known only to Allah. Some have said that «حم» is the name of the Qur'an or the Surah, just as Shuraih ibn Abi Awfa al-Absi says in this verse of poetry, when the spear began to move in battle, he recites «حم» before reciting. The meaning of «الطول» is to show kindness and favor. The meaning of «داخرين» is to be humiliated and disgraced. Mujahid said that by «ادعوکم الی النجاة» faith is meant. «ليس له دعوة» means that an idol cannot accept anyone's supplication. The meaning of «يسجرون» is that they will become the fuel of Hell. The meaning of «تمرحون» is that you used to strut arrogantly. And Alaa ibn Ziyad, the well-known Tabi'i and famous ascetic, was warning people about Hell, when a man said, "Why do you make people despair of Allah's mercy?" He replied, "How can I make people despair of Allah's mercy? What power do I have? Allah the Exalted says «يا عبادي الذين أسرفوا على أنفسهم لا تقنطوا من رحمة الله»: 'O My servants who have wronged themselves (committed sins), do not despair of Allah's mercy.' Along with this, Allah also says «وأن المسرفين هم أصحاب النار»: 'The sinners are the people of Hell.' But I have understood your intention, which is that you want to keep doing bad deeds and still receive glad tidings of Paradise. Allah has sent Muhammad (peace be upon him) as a bearer of glad tidings for good deeds and a warner of Hell for the disobedient."
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيُّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ : أَخْبِرْنِي بِأَشَدِّ مَا صَنَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ : بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي بِفِنَاءِ الْكَعْبَةِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ ، فَأَخَذَ بِمَنْكِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَوَى ثَوْبَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ ، فَخَنَقَهُ بِهِ خَنْقًا شَدِيدًا ، فَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَأَخَذَ بِمَنْكِبِهِ ، وَدَفَعَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَقَالَ : أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ " .
Narrated `Urwa bin Az-Zubair: I asked `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As to inform me of the worst thing the pagans had done to Allah's Apostle. He said: "While Allah's Messenger was praying in the courtyard of the Ka`ba, `Uqba bin Abi Mu'ait came and seized Allah's Messenger by the shoulder and twisted his garment round his neck and throttled him severely. Abu Bakr came and seized `Uqba's shoulder and threw him away from Allah's Apostle and said, "Would you kill a man because he says: 'My Lord is Allah,' and has come to you with clear Signs from your Lord?" (40.28)
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah did not establish any chapter heading; after providing the literal explanation of a few difficult words, he simply narrated this hadith.
It should be known that in this blessed surah, a believing man is mentioned, and this surah is named after that believing man.
He had not revealed his faith in the court of Pharaoh, and he himself belonged to that family, but when Pharaoh said to his courtiers, "Allow me to kill Musa alayhis salam," this believing man said:
"Do you kill him merely because he says:
'My Lord is Allah,' even though he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?"
2.
By reflecting on this incident in the Noble Qur'an, the relevance of the hadith also becomes clear, as this incident bears complete resemblance to the incident in Surah al-Mu’min.
And Allah knows best.
3.
It should be clear that Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu is superior to the believing man from the family of Pharaoh, because the latter concealed his faith, whereas Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu openly declared his faith. Furthermore, the believing man from the family of Imran sufficed with words alone, while Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu made his hand subservient to his tongue and aided the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam with both word and deed.
1.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah did not establish any chapter heading; after providing the literal explanation of a few difficult words, he simply narrated this hadith.
It should be known that in this blessed surah, a believing man is mentioned, and this surah is named after that believing man.
He had not revealed his faith in the court of Pharaoh, and he himself belonged to that family, but when Pharaoh said to his courtiers, "Allow me to kill Musa alayhis salam," this believing man said:
"Do you kill him merely because he says:
'My Lord is Allah,' even though he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord?"
2.
By reflecting on this incident in the Noble Qur'an, the relevance of the hadith also becomes clear, as this incident bears complete resemblance to the incident in Surah al-Mu’min.
And Allah knows best.
3.
It should be clear that Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu is superior to the believing man from the family of Pharaoh, because the latter concealed his faith, whereas Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu openly declared his faith. Furthermore, the believing man from the family of Imran sufficed with words alone, while Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu made his hand subservient to his tongue and aided the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam with both word and deed.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4815
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The purpose of quoting all these ahadith is to mention the virtues of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu).
The purpose of quoting all these ahadith is to mention the virtues of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu).
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 3678
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
‘Uqbah bin Abi Mu‘ayt was killed in the Battle of Badr.
➋
This hadith also establishes the great virtue of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu), because he aided the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) with both his tongue and his hand at an extremely difficult time, when the disbelievers had overwhelming dominance.
Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) passed away at the age of sixty-three years.
The duration of his caliphate was two years, three months, and a few days.
He performed a ritual bath (ghusl) during the cold days, which caused him to fall ill.
He had a fever for fifteen days and then departed to meet Allah.
He passed away on the 22nd of Jumada al-Akhirah, 1 Hijri, corresponding to 23rd August 634 CE.
Radi Allahu ta‘ala anhu.
➊
‘Uqbah bin Abi Mu‘ayt was killed in the Battle of Badr.
➋
This hadith also establishes the great virtue of Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu), because he aided the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) with both his tongue and his hand at an extremely difficult time, when the disbelievers had overwhelming dominance.
Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) passed away at the age of sixty-three years.
The duration of his caliphate was two years, three months, and a few days.
He performed a ritual bath (ghusl) during the cold days, which caused him to fall ill.
He had a fever for fifteen days and then departed to meet Allah.
He passed away on the 22nd of Jumada al-Akhirah, 1 Hijri, corresponding to 23rd August 634 CE.
Radi Allahu ta‘ala anhu.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 3678
