صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ قَوْلِهِ: {إِنَّكَ لاَ تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ} :Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “Verily! You (O Muhammad ) guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He wills...” (V.28:56)
Hadith 4772
اُردوEn
وَالْخَبْءُ مَا خَبَأْتَ ، لَا قِبَلَ : لَا طَاقَةَ الصَّرْحُ كُلُّ مِلَاطٍ اتُّخِذَ مِنَ الْقَوَارِيرِ ، وَالصَّرْحُ الْقَصْرُ ، وَجَمَاعَتُهُ صُرُوحٌ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : وَلَهَا عَرْشٌ : سَرِيرٌ ، كَرِيمٌ : حُسْنُ الصَّنْعَةِ ، وَغَلَاءُ الثَّمَنِ يَأْتُونِي ، مُسْلِمِينَ : طَائِعِينَ ، رَدِفَ : اقْتَرَبَ ، جَامِدَةً : قَائِمَةً ، أَوْزِعْنِي : اجْعَلْنِي ، وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ : نَكِّرُوا : غَيِّرُوا ، وَأُوتِينَا الْعِلْمَ ، يَقُولُهُ سُلَيْمَانُ : الصَّرْحُ بِرْكَةُ مَاءٍ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهَا سُلَيْمَانُ قَوَارِيرَ أَلْبَسَهَا إِيَّاهُ .
«الخبء» Hidden, concealed thing. «لا قبل» No power. «الصرح» means glass mortar, and «صرح» also refers to a palace; its plural is «صروح.». Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said the meaning of «ولها عرش» is that its throne is of excellent, fine craftsmanship, which is very precious. «مسلمين» means obediently. «ردف» drew near. «جامدة» established in its place. «أوزعني» make me. And Mujahid said the meaning of «نكروا» is to change its appearance. «وأوتينا العلم» this is the saying of Sulaiman (peace be upon him). «صرح» was a pool of water; Sulaiman (peace be upon him) covered it with glass, so that it appeared as if it was filled with water.
كُلُّ شَيْءٍ هَالِكٌ إِلَّا وَجْهَهُ : إِلَّا مُلْكَهُ ، وَيُقَالُ : إِلَّا مَا أُرِيدَ بِهِ وَجْهُ اللَّهِ ، وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ : فَعَمِيَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَنْبَاءُ : الْحُجَجُ.
«كل شىء هالك إلا وجهه» means "Everything will perish except His Face" (by «إلا وجهه» is meant) "except His Dominion." Some people have taken this to mean those deeds which are done to seek Allah's pleasure. (In terms of reward, they too will not perish.) Mujahid said that by «الأنباء» are meant proofs.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : " لَمَّا حَضَرَتْ أَبَا طَالِبٍ الْوَفَاةُ جَاءَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَهُ أَبَا جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، فَقَالَ : " أَيْ عَمِّ قُلْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ كَلِمَةً أُحَاجُّ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ " ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ : أَتَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعْرِضُهَا عَلَيْهِ وَيُعِيدَانِهِ بِتِلْكَ الْمَقَالَةِ حَتَّى ، قَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ : آخِرَ مَا كَلَّمَهُمْ عَلَى مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَأَبَى أَنْ ، يَقُولَ : لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَاللَّهِ لَأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْكَ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ : مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ سورة التوبة آية 113 وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّكَ لا تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ سورة القصص آية 56 قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : أُولِي الْقُوَّةِ : لَا يَرْفَعُهَا الْعُصْبَةُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ ، لَتَنُوءُ : لَتُثْقِلُ ، فَارِغًا : إِلَّا مِنْ ذِكْرِ مُوسَى ، الْفَرِحِينَ : الْمَرِحِينَ ، قُصِّيهِ : اتَّبِعِي أَثَرَهُ ، وَقَدْ يَكُونُ أَنْ يَقُصَّ الْكَلَامَ نَحْنُ نَقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ ، عَنْ جُنُبٍ : عَنْ بُعْدٍ ، عَنْ جَنَابَةٍ وَاحِدٌ ، وَعَنِ اجْتِنَابٍ أَيْضًا يَبْطِشُ وَيَبْطُشُ ، يَأْتَمِرُونَ : يَتَشَاوَرُونَ الْعُدْوَانُ وَالْعَدَاءُ وَالتَّعَدِّي ، وَاحِدٌ ، آنَسَ : أَبْصَرَ الْجِذْوَةُ قِطْعَةٌ غَلِيظَةٌ مِنَ الْخَشَبِ لَيْسَ فِيهَا لَهَبٌ وَالشِّهَابُ فِيهِ لَهَبٌ ، وَالْحَيَّاتُ أَجْنَاسٌ الْجَانُّ وَالْأَفَاعِي وَالْأَسَاوِدُ ، رِدْءًا : مُعِينًا ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُصَدِّقُنِي ، وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ : سَنَشُدُّ : سَنُعِينُكَ كُلَّمَا عَزَّزْتَ شَيْئًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْتَ لَهُ عَضُدًا مَقْبُوحِينَ مُهْلَكِينَ ، وَصَّلْنَا : بَيَّنَّاهُ وَأَتْمَمْنَاهُ ، يُجْبَى : يُجْلَبُ ، بَطِرَتْ : أَشِرَتْ ، فِي أُمِّهَا رَسُولًا : أُمُّ الْقُرَى مَكَّةُ وَمَا حَوْلَهَا ، تُكِنُّ : تُخْفِي أَكْنَنْتُ الشَّيْءَ أَخْفَيْتُهُ وَكَنَنْتُهُ أَخْفَيْتُهُ وَأَظْهَرْتُهُ ، وَيْكَأَنَّ اللَّهَ : مِثْلُ أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ ، يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ : يُوَسِّعُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُضَيِّقُ عَلَيْهِ " .
Narrated Al-Musaiyab: When Abu Talib was on his death bed, Allah's Messenger came to him and found with him, Abu Jahl and `Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya bin Al-Mughira. Allah's Messenger said, "O uncle! Say: None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, a sentence with which I will defend you before Allah." On that Abu Jahl and `Abdullah bin Abi Umaiya said to Abu Talib, "Will you now leave the religion of `Abdul Muttalib?" Allah's Messenger kept on inviting him to say that sentence while the other two kept on repeating their sentence before him till Abu Talib said as the last thing he said to them, "I am on the religion of `Abdul Muttalib," and refused to say: None has the right to be worshipped except Allah. On that Allah's Messenger said, "By Allah, I will keep on asking Allah's forgiveness for you unless I am forbidden (by Allah) to do so." So Allah revealed:-- 'It is not fitting for the Prophet and those who believe that they should invoke (Allah) for forgiveness for pagans.' (9.113) And then Allah revealed especially about Abu Talib:--'Verily! You (O, Muhammad) guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He will.' (28.56)
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
In another narration, it is mentioned that Abu Talib replied to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam):
“If it were not that the Quraysh would reproach me, saying that the fear of death compelled him to utter the word of tawhid, O my nephew! I would recite this word and bring coolness to your eyes.”
At that moment, this verse was revealed.
(Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qur’an, Hadith: 3188)
➋
There is no doubt that Abu Talib, until his last breath during the Makkan period, supported and protected the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and stood by him in every difficult time. However, he was deprived of guidance. Nevertheless, due to his support, his punishment will certainly be lessened, as is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Abbas (radi Allahu anhu). He said:
“O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)! Abu Talib used to protect you and, for your sake, bore the displeasure of everyone. Will he benefit from you in any way?” The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied:
“If it were not for me, he would be in the lowest depths of Hell.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Manaqib al-Ansar, Hadith: 3883)
It is narrated from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (radi Allahu anhu), who said that mention was made before the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of your uncle Abu Talib, so he said:
“Perhaps on the Day of Resurrection, my intercession will benefit him, and he will be placed in a shallow fire that reaches his ankles, because of which his brain will boil.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Riqaq, Hadith: 6564)
It is narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “The lightest punishment in Hell will be for Abu Talib. He will wear two sandals of fire, because of which his brain will boil.”
(Sahih Muslim, al-Iman, Hadith: 515(212))
➊
In another narration, it is mentioned that Abu Talib replied to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam):
“If it were not that the Quraysh would reproach me, saying that the fear of death compelled him to utter the word of tawhid, O my nephew! I would recite this word and bring coolness to your eyes.”
At that moment, this verse was revealed.
(Jami‘ at-Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qur’an, Hadith: 3188)
➋
There is no doubt that Abu Talib, until his last breath during the Makkan period, supported and protected the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and stood by him in every difficult time. However, he was deprived of guidance. Nevertheless, due to his support, his punishment will certainly be lessened, as is narrated from Sayyiduna ‘Abbas (radi Allahu anhu). He said:
“O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)! Abu Talib used to protect you and, for your sake, bore the displeasure of everyone. Will he benefit from you in any way?” The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied:
“If it were not for me, he would be in the lowest depths of Hell.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Manaqib al-Ansar, Hadith: 3883)
It is narrated from Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri (radi Allahu anhu), who said that mention was made before the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) of your uncle Abu Talib, so he said:
“Perhaps on the Day of Resurrection, my intercession will benefit him, and he will be placed in a shallow fire that reaches his ankles, because of which his brain will boil.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Riqaq, Hadith: 6564)
It is narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “The lightest punishment in Hell will be for Abu Talib. He will wear two sandals of fire, because of which his brain will boil.”
(Sahih Muslim, al-Iman, Hadith: 515(212))
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4772
