صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ قَوْلِهِ: {إِذَا أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نُهْلِكَ قَرْيَةً أَمَرْنَا مُتْرَفِيهَا} الآيَةَ:(4b) Chapter. “And when We decide to destroy a town (population), We (first) send a definite order (to obey Allah and be righteous) to those among them [or We (first) increase in number those of its population] who lead a life of luxury. Then they transgress therein...” (V.17:16)
Hadith 4711
اُردوEn
كَرَّمْنَا : وَأَكْرَمْنَا وَاحِدٌ ، ضِعْفَ الْحَيَاةِ ، عَذَابَ الْحَيَاةِ وَضِعْفَ الْمَمَاتِ عَذَابَ الْمَمَاتِ خِلَافَكَ ، وَخَلْفَكَ سَوَاءٌ وَنَأَى ، تَبَاعَدَ شَاكِلَتِهِ ، نَاحِيَتِهِ ، وَهِيَ مِنْ شَكْلِهِ صَرَّفْنَا ، وَجَّهْنَا قَبِيلًا ، مُعَايَنَةً وَمُقَابَلَةً ، وَقِيلَ الْقَابِلَةُ لِأَنَّهَا مُقَابِلَتُهَا ، وَتَقْبَلُ وَلَدَهَا خَشْيَةَ الْإِنْفَاقِ ، أَنْفَقَ الرَّجُلُ أَمْلَقَ وَنَفِقَ الشَّيْءُ ذَهَبَ قَتُورًا ، مُقَتِّرًا لِلْأَذْقَانِ ، مُجْتَمَعُ اللَّحْيَيْنِ وَالْوَاحِدُ ذَقَنٌ ، وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ مَوْفُورًا ، وَافِرًا تَبِيعًا ، ثَائِرًا وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : نَصِيرًا خَبَتْ ، طَفِئَتْ ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لَا تُبَذِّرْ ، لَا تُنْفِقْ فِي الْبَاطِلِ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ ، رِزْقٍ مَثْبُورًا ، مَلْعُونًا لَا تَقْفُ ، لَا تَقُلْ فَجَاسُوا ، تَيَمَّمُوا يُزْجِي الْفُلْكَ يُجْرِي الْفُلْكَ يَخِرُّونَ لِلْأَذْقَانِ ، لِلْوُجُوهِ.
«كرمنا» and «أكرمنا» both have the same meaning. «ضعف الحياة» means the torment of life. «ضعف الممات» means the torment of death. «خلافك» and «خلفك» (both are recitations) both have the same meaning, that is, after you. «نأى» means to become distant. «شاكلته» means on its path (or on its adornment). This is derived from «شكل», meaning joint and resemblance. «صرفنا» means brought forth, explained. «قبيلا» means before the eyes, in front. Some have said this is derived from «قابلة», which means midwife, the one who delivers, because she too is in front of the woman at the time of delivery and receives (i.e., takes care of) her child. «الإنفاق» means to become bankrupt. They say «أنفق الرجل» when he becomes bankrupt, and «نفق الشىء» when something is finished. «قتورا» means miserly. «أذقان» is the plural of «ذقن», where both jaws meet, i.e., the chin. Mujahid said it means «موفورا وافرا» (i.e., complete). «تبيعا» means avenger. And Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said the meaning of «لا تبذر» is: do not spend your wealth on unlawful things. «ابتغاء رحمة» means in search of sustenance. «مثبورا» means accursed. «لا تقف» do not say. «فجاسوا» means intended. «يزجي الفلك» means drives. «يخرون للأذقان» means to fall on the face (to prostrate).
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَنْصُورٌ ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " كُنَّا نَقُولُ لِلْحَيِّ إِذَا كَثُرُوا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَمِرَ بَنُو فُلَانٍ " . حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، وَقَالَ : أَمَرَ .
Narrated `Abdullah: During the Pre-lslamic period of ignorance if any tribe became great in number, we used to say, "Amira the children of so-and-so." Narrated Al-Humaidi: Sufyan narrated to us something and used the word 'Amira'.
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
The purpose of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah in bringing this narration is to show that in the Noble Qur’an, where it appears: ﴿أمرنَا مُترَفیھا﴾, it is with a kasrah (i.e., the letter meem is read with a kasrah).
This is the recitation (qira’ah) of Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhu, whereas the well-known (common) recitation is with a fathah on the meem.
According to the recitation of Ibn Abbas, the meaning will be: “When We intend to destroy a town, We increase the number of its wicked people.”
The purpose of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah in bringing this narration is to show that in the Noble Qur’an, where it appears: ﴿أمرنَا مُترَفیھا﴾, it is with a kasrah (i.e., the letter meem is read with a kasrah).
This is the recitation (qira’ah) of Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhu, whereas the well-known (common) recitation is with a fathah on the meem.
According to the recitation of Ibn Abbas, the meaning will be: “When We intend to destroy a town, We increase the number of its wicked people.”
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 4711
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
Regarding the noble verse:
There are generally three recitations of "أمَرْنَا".
©.
(أَمَرَ، يَأْمُرُ, from نَصَرَ)
Its meaning is: to command. This is the recitation of the majority. According to this, the meaning will be that We command the wealthy to obey, but they persist in disobedience.
©.
(أَمِرَ يَأْمَرُ, from سَمِعَ)
This recitation is transmitted from Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhu).
Its meaning is to increase in number and to multiply them.
This is also supported by the aforementioned hadith.
In another hadith, Abu Sufyan (radi Allahu anhu) said regarding the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam): (لقد أَمِرَ أمرُ ابن أبي كبشة)
That is, the affair of Ibn Abi Kabsha has greatly increased.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Revelation, Hadith: 7)
According to this recitation, the meaning will be that when We intend to destroy a town, We increase the number of its wicked people.
2.
It has also been recited with a shaddah (gemination) on the meem. In this case, the meaning will be that when We intend to destroy a town, We appoint the pleasure-seekers as rulers over the people. In any case, the inclination of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) is that, at this place, the meaning should be taken according to the second recitation: that We increase the number of affluent leaders there.
And Allah knows best.
1.
Regarding the noble verse:
There are generally three recitations of "أمَرْنَا".
©.
(أَمَرَ، يَأْمُرُ, from نَصَرَ)
Its meaning is: to command. This is the recitation of the majority. According to this, the meaning will be that We command the wealthy to obey, but they persist in disobedience.
©.
(أَمِرَ يَأْمَرُ, from سَمِعَ)
This recitation is transmitted from Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhu).
Its meaning is to increase in number and to multiply them.
This is also supported by the aforementioned hadith.
In another hadith, Abu Sufyan (radi Allahu anhu) said regarding the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam): (لقد أَمِرَ أمرُ ابن أبي كبشة)
That is, the affair of Ibn Abi Kabsha has greatly increased.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Revelation, Hadith: 7)
According to this recitation, the meaning will be that when We intend to destroy a town, We increase the number of its wicked people.
2.
It has also been recited with a shaddah (gemination) on the meem. In this case, the meaning will be that when We intend to destroy a town, We appoint the pleasure-seekers as rulers over the people. In any case, the inclination of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) is that, at this place, the meaning should be taken according to the second recitation: that We increase the number of affluent leaders there.
And Allah knows best.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4711
