صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ: {وَعَلَى الثَّلاَثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا حَتَّى إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَظَنُّوا أَنْ لاَ مَلْجَأَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ لِيَتُوبُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ} :Chapter. And (He did forgive also) the three [who did not join the Tabuk expedition] till for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened...” (V.9:118)
Hadith 4677
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ ابْنُ أَبِي شُعَيْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ أَعْيَنَ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ ، أَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ حَدَّثَهُ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ أَبِي كَعْبَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ : أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا قَطُّ ، غَيْرَ غَزْوَتَيْنِ : غَزْوَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ ، وَغَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ ، قَالَ : فَأَجْمَعْتُ صِدْقِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضُحًى ، وَكَانَ قَلَّمَا يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ سَافَرَهُ إِلَّا ضُحًى ، وَكَانَ يَبْدَأُ بِالْمَسْجِدِ ، فَيَرْكَعُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، وَنَهَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ كَلَامِي ، وَكَلَامِ صَاحِبَيَّ ، وَلَمْ يَنْهَ عَنْ كَلَامِ أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُتَخَلِّفِينَ غَيْرِنَا ، فَاجْتَنَبَ النَّاسُ كَلَامَنَا ، فَلَبِثْتُ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى طَالَ عَلَيَّ الْأَمْرُ ، وَمَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَهَمُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَمُوتَ فَلَا يُصَلِّي عَلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، أَوْ يَمُوتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَكُونَ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِتِلْكَ الْمَنْزِلَةِ ، فَلَا يُكَلِّمُنِي أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَلَا يُصَلِّي وَلَا يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيَّ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَوْبَتَنَا عَلَى نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ بَقِيَ الثُّلُثُ الْآخِرُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ مُحْسِنَةً فِي شَأْنِي ، مَعْنِيَّةً فِي أَمْرِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ ، تِيبَ عَلَى كَعْبٍ " ، قَالَتْ : أَفَلَا أُرْسِلُ إِلَيْهِ فَأُبَشِّرَهُ ؟ قَالَ : " إِذًا يَحْطِمَكُمُ النَّاسُ فَيَمْنَعُونَكُمُ النَّوْمَ سَائِرَ اللَّيْلَةِ " ، حَتَّى إِذَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ ، آذَنَ بِتَوْبَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا ، وَكَانَ إِذَا اسْتَبْشَرَ اسْتَنَارَ وَجْهُهُ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ قِطْعَةٌ مِنَ الْقَمَرِ ، وَكُنَّا أَيُّهَا الثَّلَاثَةُ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا عَنِ الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي قُبِلَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ اعْتَذَرُوا ، حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ لَنَا التَّوْبَةَ ، فَلَمَّا ذُكِرَ الَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْمُتَخَلِّفِينَ وَاعْتَذَرُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ ، ذُكِرُوا بِشَرِّ مَا ذُكِرَ بِهِ أَحَدٌ ، قَالَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ : يَعْتَذِرُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ قُلْ لا تَعْتَذِرُوا لَنْ نُؤْمِنَ لَكُمْ قَدْ نَبَّأَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْ أَخْبَارِكُمْ وَسَيَرَى اللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمْ وَرَسُولُهُ سورة التوبة آية 94 الْآيَةَ .
Narrated `Abdullah bin Ka`b: I heard Ka`b bin Malik who was one of the three who were forgiven, saying that he had never remained behind Allah's Messenger in any Ghazwa which he had fought except two Ghazwat Ghazwat- Al-`Usra (Tabuk) and Ghazwat-Badr. He added. "I decided to tell the truth to Allah's Messenger in the forenoon, and scarcely did he return from a journey he made, except in the forenoon, he would go first to the mosque and offer a two-rak`at prayer. The Prophet forbade others to speak to me or to my two companions, but he did not prohibit speaking to any of those who had remained behind excepting us. So the people avoided speaking to us, and I stayed in that state till I could no longer bear it, and the only thing that worried me was that I might die and the Prophet would not offer the funeral prayer for me, or Allah's Messenger might die and I would be left in that social status among the people that nobody would speak to me or offer the funeral prayer for me. But Allah revealed His Forgiveness for us to the Prophet in the last third of the night while Allah's Messenger was with Um Salama. Um Salama sympathized with me and helped me in my disaster. Allah's Messenger said, 'O Um Salama! Ka`b has been forgiven!' She said, 'Shall I send someone to him to give him the good tidings?' He said, 'If you did so, the people would not let you sleep the rest of the night.' So when the Prophet had offered the Fajr prayer, he announced Allah's Forgiveness for us. His face used to look as bright as a piece of the (full) moon whenever he was pleased. When Allah revealed His Forgiveness for us, we were the three whose case had been deferred while the excuse presented by those who had apologized had been accepted. But when there were mentioned those who had told the Prophet lies and remained behind (the battle of Tabuk) and had given false excuses, they were described with the worse description one may be described with. Allah said: 'They will present their excuses to you (Muslims) when you return to them. Say: Present no excuses; we shall not believe you. Allah has already informed us of the true state of matters concerning you. Allah and His Apostle will observe your actions." (9.94)
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
These three individuals were Ka‘b ibn Malik (radi Allahu anhu), Murarah ibn Rabi‘, and Hilal ibn Umayyah (radi Allahu anhu).
All three were extremely sincere Muslims, above every kind of doubt and suspicion.
Previously, they had participated in every battle, but in this expedition, they failed to join only due to laziness.
Later, when they realized their mistake, they thought: one mistake has already been made by staying behind, now we will not make the mistake of presenting a false excuse to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) like the hypocrites. Thus, they presented themselves before the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), openly confessed their mistake, and offered themselves for whatever punishment was due.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) referred their matter to Allah Ta‘ala, that He alone would decide regarding them. However, during this period, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) instructed all the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) to refrain from associating with these three individuals, even from speaking to them, and after forty nights, he ordered that they should also separate from their wives, so separation from their wives also took place.
After a further ten days, that is, after fifty days, their repentance was accepted, and Allah Ta‘ala praised their truthfulness, uprightness, and loyalty.
2.
In this regard, we consider it necessary to mention an incident which shows how strong their faith was. Ka‘b (radi Allahu anhu) relates:
During the days when the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) had ceased speaking to me, a man from among the Christians of Syria met me and handed me a letter from the king of Ghassan. In this letter it was written:
To proceed: We have heard that your companion has treated you harshly.
You are not a person to be left to perish in vain.
If you come to us, we will honor you fully.
When I read this letter, I understood that this was another trial sent upon me, so I immediately threw the letter into the oven (tannur) and burned it.
(al-Tawbah: 117/9)
The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) were not like us, who would sell their religion for a few coins.
Radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in.
1.
These three individuals were Ka‘b ibn Malik (radi Allahu anhu), Murarah ibn Rabi‘, and Hilal ibn Umayyah (radi Allahu anhu).
All three were extremely sincere Muslims, above every kind of doubt and suspicion.
Previously, they had participated in every battle, but in this expedition, they failed to join only due to laziness.
Later, when they realized their mistake, they thought: one mistake has already been made by staying behind, now we will not make the mistake of presenting a false excuse to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) like the hypocrites. Thus, they presented themselves before the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), openly confessed their mistake, and offered themselves for whatever punishment was due.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) referred their matter to Allah Ta‘ala, that He alone would decide regarding them. However, during this period, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) instructed all the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) to refrain from associating with these three individuals, even from speaking to them, and after forty nights, he ordered that they should also separate from their wives, so separation from their wives also took place.
After a further ten days, that is, after fifty days, their repentance was accepted, and Allah Ta‘ala praised their truthfulness, uprightness, and loyalty.
2.
In this regard, we consider it necessary to mention an incident which shows how strong their faith was. Ka‘b (radi Allahu anhu) relates:
During the days when the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) had ceased speaking to me, a man from among the Christians of Syria met me and handed me a letter from the king of Ghassan. In this letter it was written:
To proceed: We have heard that your companion has treated you harshly.
You are not a person to be left to perish in vain.
If you come to us, we will honor you fully.
When I read this letter, I understood that this was another trial sent upon me, so I immediately threw the letter into the oven (tannur) and burned it.
(al-Tawbah: 117/9)
The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) were not like us, who would sell their religion for a few coins.
Radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4677
