صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ قَوْلِهِ: {وَلاَ تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلاَ تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ} :Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “And never (O Muhammad ) pray (funeral prayer) for any of them (hypocrites) who dies, nor stand at his grave." (V.9:84)
Hadith 4672
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ عِيَاضٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ، جَاءَ ابْنُهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَعْطَاهُ قَمِيصَهُ ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُكَفِّنَهُ فِيهِ ، ثُمَّ قَامَ يُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِثَوْبِهِ ، فَقَال : تُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ مُنَافِقٌ وَقَدْ نَهَاكَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ ، قَالَ : " إِنَّمَا خَيَّرَنِي اللَّهُ ، أَوْ أَخْبَرَنِي اللَّهُ ، فَقَالَ : اسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ أَوْ لا تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ إِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ سورة التوبة آية 80 ، فَقَالَ : سَأَزِيدُهُ عَلَى سَبْعِينَ " ، قَالَ : فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَصَلَّيْنَا مَعَهُ ، ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَلا تُصَلِّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلا تَقُمْ عَلَى قَبْرِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَاتُوا وَهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ سورة التوبة آية 84 .
Narrated Ibn `Umar: When `Abdullah bin Ubai died, his son `Abdullah bin `Abdullah came to Allah's Messenger who gave his shirt to him and ordered him to shroud his father in it. Then he stood up to offer the funeral prayer for the deceased, but `Umar bin Al-Khattab took hold of his garment and said, "Do you offer the funeral prayer for him though he was a hypocrite and Allah has forbidden you to ask forgiveness for hypocrites?" The Prophet said, "Allah has given me the choice (or Allah has informed me) saying: "Whether you, O Muhammad, ask forgiveness for them, or do not ask forgiveness for them, even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will not forgive them," (9.80) The he added, "I will (appeal to Allah for his sake) more than seventy times." So Allah's Messenger offered the funeral prayer for him and we too, offered the prayer along with him. Then Allah revealed: "And never, O Muhammad, pray (funeral prayer) for anyone of them that dies, nor stand at his grave. Certainly they disbelieved in Allah and His Apostle and died in a state of rebellion." (9.84)
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) gave his shirt to the chief of the hypocrites and performed his funeral prayer because there was hope that those who were not yet close to Islam might become inclined towards it. Accordingly, Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has mentioned a hadith in which the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“My shirt cannot save him from Allah’s punishment, but I did this act because I hope that through this action, a thousand people from his tribe will embrace Islam.”
(Fath al-Bari: 8/426)
Furthermore, although the hypocrites were disbelievers in their hearts, the legal rulings (ahkam) applied to them outwardly in the same way as they applied to true Muslims.
➋
From this verse, it is also understood that if the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) seeks forgiveness (istighfar) for a sinner, his forgiveness is possible. However, for those with corrupt beliefs, there is no way for their forgiveness, no matter how many times the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) seeks forgiveness for them. Accordingly, after this verse, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stopped performing the funeral prayer for the hypocrites or seeking forgiveness for them.
(And Tafsir al-Tabari under the verse of Surah al-Tawbah: 84)
➊
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) gave his shirt to the chief of the hypocrites and performed his funeral prayer because there was hope that those who were not yet close to Islam might become inclined towards it. Accordingly, Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has mentioned a hadith in which the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“My shirt cannot save him from Allah’s punishment, but I did this act because I hope that through this action, a thousand people from his tribe will embrace Islam.”
(Fath al-Bari: 8/426)
Furthermore, although the hypocrites were disbelievers in their hearts, the legal rulings (ahkam) applied to them outwardly in the same way as they applied to true Muslims.
➋
From this verse, it is also understood that if the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) seeks forgiveness (istighfar) for a sinner, his forgiveness is possible. However, for those with corrupt beliefs, there is no way for their forgiveness, no matter how many times the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) seeks forgiveness for them. Accordingly, after this verse, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) stopped performing the funeral prayer for the hypocrites or seeking forgiveness for them.
(And Tafsir al-Tabari under the verse of Surah al-Tawbah: 84)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4672
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
In another narration, it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “My shirt will not benefit him in any way, but I hope that through this action of mine, a thousand people from his tribe will become Muslim.” This is exactly what happened—many people from the tribe of Abdullah bin Ubayy embraced Islam. Your noble character had a great impact on them.
In one narration, it is mentioned that Abdullah bin Ubayy was still alive when he summoned the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), requested your shirt, and asked for supplication (du‘a).
Hafiz Sahib narrates:
“When Abdullah bin Ubayy fell ill, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) came to him and spoke to him. He (Abdullah) said: ‘I have understood what you are saying, so show me favor—shroud me in your shirt and pray over me.’ So he (the Prophet) did so. It seems that Abdullah bin Ubayy intended by this to remove disgrace from his son and his clan after his death, so he outwardly showed eagerness for the prayer of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) over him. The Prophet’s response to his request was according to what was apparent of his condition, until Allah unveiled the reality of the matter, as will be mentioned. This is among the best answers regarding this incident.” (Fath al-Bari)
Abdullah bin Ubayy himself requested the funeral prayer and the shirt from the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) so that later his children and family would not be disgraced. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was made aware of the underlying benefits, and thus accepted his request. This is the summary of the statement. The mention of these benefits has already been discussed previously.
In another narration, it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “My shirt will not benefit him in any way, but I hope that through this action of mine, a thousand people from his tribe will become Muslim.” This is exactly what happened—many people from the tribe of Abdullah bin Ubayy embraced Islam. Your noble character had a great impact on them.
In one narration, it is mentioned that Abdullah bin Ubayy was still alive when he summoned the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), requested your shirt, and asked for supplication (du‘a).
Hafiz Sahib narrates:
“When Abdullah bin Ubayy fell ill, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) came to him and spoke to him. He (Abdullah) said: ‘I have understood what you are saying, so show me favor—shroud me in your shirt and pray over me.’ So he (the Prophet) did so. It seems that Abdullah bin Ubayy intended by this to remove disgrace from his son and his clan after his death, so he outwardly showed eagerness for the prayer of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) over him. The Prophet’s response to his request was according to what was apparent of his condition, until Allah unveiled the reality of the matter, as will be mentioned. This is among the best answers regarding this incident.” (Fath al-Bari)
Abdullah bin Ubayy himself requested the funeral prayer and the shirt from the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) so that later his children and family would not be disgraced. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was made aware of the underlying benefits, and thus accepted his request. This is the summary of the statement. The mention of these benefits has already been discussed previously.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 4670
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
1.
From this hadith, it is understood that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed three actions at the request of the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah bin Abdullah:
➊.
He gave his shirt for the chief of the hypocrites so that he could be shrouded in it.
➋.
He placed his blessed saliva in his mouth.
2.
You (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did these actions for three reasons:
➊.
The nature of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was filled with gentleness, mercy, and a spirit of forgiveness and forbearance.
➋.
Among the captives of Badr, your uncle Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) was without clothing on his body, and since he was tall in stature, you had requested a shirt from the chief of the hypocrites. You wished to repay this favor by giving your shirt in return.
➌.
In such circumstances, the intention was to console and win the heart of the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah bin Abdullah (radi Allahu anhu), so that he would not be disheartened.
3.
Sayyiduna Umar (radi Allahu anhu), deducing from this verse, submitted that Allah Ta’ala had forbidden you from performing the funeral prayer (janazah) for these hypocrites, because even if you seek forgiveness for them seventy times, their forgiveness is not possible, and the funeral prayer is also a request for forgiveness—so what is the benefit of performing it? Accordingly, Allah Ta’ala revealed a revelation in accordance with the opinion of Umar (radi Allahu anhu). One reason for this was also that the period of adopting a lenient policy towards the hypocrites had passed, and adopting a strict attitude towards them was now entirely in accordance with the divine will.
4.
It should be clear that the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah (radi Allahu anhu), did not make this request because his father had repented from hypocrisy, but rather he made this request so that after his death, people would not taunt him and his tribe for his father’s hypocrisy. In any case, his son was aware that he was still a hypocrite and had died in a state of hypocrisy.
And Allah knows best.
1.
From this hadith, it is understood that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed three actions at the request of the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah bin Abdullah:
➊.
He gave his shirt for the chief of the hypocrites so that he could be shrouded in it.
➋.
He placed his blessed saliva in his mouth.
2.
You (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did these actions for three reasons:
➊.
The nature of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was filled with gentleness, mercy, and a spirit of forgiveness and forbearance.
➋.
Among the captives of Badr, your uncle Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) was without clothing on his body, and since he was tall in stature, you had requested a shirt from the chief of the hypocrites. You wished to repay this favor by giving your shirt in return.
➌.
In such circumstances, the intention was to console and win the heart of the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah bin Abdullah (radi Allahu anhu), so that he would not be disheartened.
3.
Sayyiduna Umar (radi Allahu anhu), deducing from this verse, submitted that Allah Ta’ala had forbidden you from performing the funeral prayer (janazah) for these hypocrites, because even if you seek forgiveness for them seventy times, their forgiveness is not possible, and the funeral prayer is also a request for forgiveness—so what is the benefit of performing it? Accordingly, Allah Ta’ala revealed a revelation in accordance with the opinion of Umar (radi Allahu anhu). One reason for this was also that the period of adopting a lenient policy towards the hypocrites had passed, and adopting a strict attitude towards them was now entirely in accordance with the divine will.
4.
It should be clear that the son of the chief of the hypocrites, Abdullah (radi Allahu anhu), did not make this request because his father had repented from hypocrisy, but rather he made this request so that after his death, people would not taunt him and his tribe for his father’s hypocrisy. In any case, his son was aware that he was still a hypocrite and had died in a state of hypocrisy.
And Allah knows best.
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4670
