صحيح البخاري
Bukhari
كتاب تفسير القرآنThe Book of Commentary
بَابُ: {وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِذَا دَفَعْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ فَأَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِمْ} الآيَةَ:Chapter. “...But I fhe (the guardian) is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (acording to his work). And when you release their property to them, take witness in their presence; and Allah is All-Sufficient in taking account.” (V.4:6)
Hadith 4575
اُردوEn
وَبِدَارًا : مُبَادَرَةً ، أَعْتَدْنَا : أَعْدَدْنَا ، أَفْعَلْنَا مِنَ الْعَتَادِ .
«بدارا» means «مبادرة», to hasten. «أعتدنا» means «أعددنا», from «عتاد». On the pattern of «أفعلنا», which means "we have prepared."
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ، فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى : " وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ سورة النساء آية 6 ، أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي وَالِي الْيَتِيمِ إِذَا كَانَ فَقِيرًا ، أَنَّهُ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهُ مَكَانَ قِيَامِهِ عَلَيْهِ بِمَعْرُوفٍ " .
Narrated Aisha: regarding the Statement of Allah: "And whoever amongst the guardian is rich, he should take no wages, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable (according to his work). This Verse was revealed regarding the orphan's property. If the guardian is poor, he can take from the property of the orphan, what is just and reasonable according to his work and the time he spends on managing it.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
➊
In this narration, it is stated that this noble verse was revealed concerning the guardian of an orphan, who looks after the orphan and protects his wealth; that if he is needy, he may, according to custom, eat from the orphan’s wealth as a right of service.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Buyu‘, Hadith: 2212)
➋
In support of this interpretation narrated by Aisha (radi Allahu anha), there is also a marfu‘ narration. Thus, a man came to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and said:
“O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)! An orphan is under my care and he has wealth, while I have nothing.
May I eat from his wealth?” He (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Yes, you may eat from it according to what is customary.”
(Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim, Surah al-Nisa’, Ayah: 6.
No. 2824)
In another narration, the words are that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said to him:
“You may eat from your orphan’s wealth, but there should be no extravagance, no wastefulness, nor should you be hasty, nor should you accumulate wealth from his property.”
(Sunan Abi Dawud, al-Wasaya, Hadith: 2872)
➌
What is the custom according to which a needy person may eat from the wealth of the orphan under his care? Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) said: He should take with the tips of his fingers, meaning he should spend very little.
(Tafsir Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an: 7/586.
No. 8621)
In another narration it is stated:
He should eat from the orphan’s wealth only as much as will remove his hunger,
and wear only as much as will cover his nakedness.
(Tafsir Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an: 7/587.
No. 8630.
And Fath al-Bari: 8/304)
➊
In this narration, it is stated that this noble verse was revealed concerning the guardian of an orphan, who looks after the orphan and protects his wealth; that if he is needy, he may, according to custom, eat from the orphan’s wealth as a right of service.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Buyu‘, Hadith: 2212)
➋
In support of this interpretation narrated by Aisha (radi Allahu anha), there is also a marfu‘ narration. Thus, a man came to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and said:
“O Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)! An orphan is under my care and he has wealth, while I have nothing.
May I eat from his wealth?” He (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Yes, you may eat from it according to what is customary.”
(Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim, Surah al-Nisa’, Ayah: 6.
No. 2824)
In another narration, the words are that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said to him:
“You may eat from your orphan’s wealth, but there should be no extravagance, no wastefulness, nor should you be hasty, nor should you accumulate wealth from his property.”
(Sunan Abi Dawud, al-Wasaya, Hadith: 2872)
➌
What is the custom according to which a needy person may eat from the wealth of the orphan under his care? Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhu) said: He should take with the tips of his fingers, meaning he should spend very little.
(Tafsir Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an: 7/586.
No. 8621)
In another narration it is stated:
He should eat from the orphan’s wealth only as much as will remove his hunger,
and wear only as much as will cover his nakedness.
(Tafsir Jami‘ al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an: 7/587.
No. 8630.
And Fath al-Bari: 8/304)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 4575
